Metodología para la generación automática de reglas borrosas y ajuste adaptativo de funciones de pertenencia por medio de una arquitectura de red neural netfuz 1.0

In the generation of the Fuzzy Inference Systems, the primordial task is the extraction and the tuning of the memberships functions and the fuzzy rules. However, when using the traditional methods to carry out this task, the obtained results are not the prospective ones and in most of cases serious inconveniences are presented. This article presents a methodological proposal base in Artificial Neural Networks that allows extracting the fuzzy rules and the parameters of the functions of membership of a Fuzzy Inference System type Sugeno automatically, leaving of a group of data input-output. The development of a software is contemplated that will facilitate the application in the control of processes, the prediction and the estimate of parameters.En la generación de los Sistemas de Inferencia Borrosos, la tarea primordial es la extracción y el ajuste de las funciones de pertenencia y las reglas borrosas. Sin embargo, al usar los métodos tradicionales para realizar esta tarea, los resultados obtenidos no son los esperados y en la mayoría de casos se presentan graves inconvenientes. Este artículo presenta una propuesta metodológica basada en Redes Neuronales Artificiales que permite extraer automáticamente las reglas borrosas y los parámetros de las funciones de membresía de un Sistema de Inferencia Borroso tipo Sugeno, partiendo de un conjunto de datos entrada-salida. Se contempla el desarrollo de un software que facilitará la aplicación en el control de procesos, la predicción y la estimación de parámetros

Gendered patterns in torture practices committed by the Mexican Armed Forces (2011-2019)

This work analyzes the different experiences of victims of torture by the Mexican Army to observe the relationship between the methods employed and gender. The results reveal that the torture practices used differ by gender. While the methods of immobilization, asphyxia, electrification and mutilation were mainly used against men, women were more likely to suffer nudity, bruises on the genitals, harassment and rape. Furthermore, women disproportionately suffered violence compared to men.Este trabajo analiza las diferentes experiencias de víctimas de tortura por parte del Ejército de México para observar la relación entre métodos empleados y género. Los resultados muestran que existen diferencias por género respecto a las prácticas de tortura utilizadas. Mientras que los métodos de inmovilización, asfixia, electrificación y mutilación se ejercieron mayoritariamente en hombres, las mujeres sufrieron desnudez, contusiones en los genitales, acoso y violación sexual. Además, padecieron violencia de forma desproporcionada respecto a los hombres

Metodología para la generación automática de reglas borrosas y ajuste adaptativo de funciones de pertenencia por medio de una arquitectura de red neural netfuz 1.0

In the generation of the Fuzzy Inference Systems, the primordial task is the extraction and the tuning of the memberships functions and the fuzzy rules. However, when using the traditional methods to carry out this task, the obtained results are not the prospective ones and in most of cases serious inconveniences are presented. This article presents a methodological proposal base in Artificial Neural Networks that allows extracting the fuzzy rules and the parameters of the functions of membership of a Fuzzy Inference System type Sugeno automatically, leaving of a group of data input-output. The development of a software is contemplated that will facilitate the application in the control of processes, the prediction and the estimate of parameters.En la generación de los Sistemas de Inferencia Borrosos, la tarea primordial es la extracción y el ajuste de las funciones de pertenencia y las reglas borrosas. Sin embargo, al usar los métodos tradicionales para realizar esta tarea, los resultados obtenidos no son los esperados y en la mayoría de casos se presentan graves inconvenientes. Este artículo presenta una propuesta metodológica basada en Redes Neuronales Artificiales que permite extraer automáticamente las reglas borrosas y los parámetros de las funciones de membresía de un Sistema de Inferencia Borroso tipo Sugeno, partiendo de un conjunto de datos entrada-salida. Se contempla el desarrollo de un software que facilitará la aplicación en el control de procesos, la predicción y la estimación de parámetros

Ensayos Dinámicos De Resistencia En Paneles Del Sistema Royalco (64 Mm) Para La Construcción De Muros En Vivienda

Ensayos Dinámicos De Resistencia En Paneles Del Sistema Royalco (64 Mm) Para La Construcción De Muros En Viviend

Characterization of two Achromobacter xylosoxidans isolates from patients with pertussis-like symptoms

[email protected]: To characterize two Achromobacter xylosoxidans recovered from 2 patients diagnosed with pertussis during a Bordetella pertussis surveillance program. Methods: Nasopharyngeal swabs from 2 children under 1 year of age with clinical suspicion of pertussis were analyzed by culture and PCR. Results: Two Achromobacter xylosoxidans A8, closely related to Bordetella spp. were recovered from 2 patients diagnosed of pertussis, both carrying the ptxA gene and IS418 the pertussis toxin encoding gene. Subsequently, antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated by disk-diffusion method and by PCR. Conclusions: Although more detailed studies are needed, the present data highlight the possibility that Achromobacter xylosoxidans, closely related Bordetella pertussis microorganisms and not covered under the vaccine umbrella, might also result in cases of whooping cough. Thereby further surveillance is necessary to determine the extension and relevance of their pathogenic role in order to discriminate their real public health implication.This work has been supported by Sanofi Aventis del Peru. JR has a fellowship from the program I3, of the ISCIII (grant number: CES11/012), CG has a PhD fellowship of the ISCIII (FI12/00561). MJP has a fellowship from CONCYTEC/FONDECYT.Revisión por pare

Deformation heterogeneity study of a 6061-T6 aluminum alloy processed by equal channel angular pressing

Among the severe plastic deformation techniques, the equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) has drastically improved the mechanical properties of the processed alloys. However, information regarding friction phenomenon, which modifies the deformation at the surface and the heterogeneity microstrain state produced by the process itself, is still scarce. In the present work, the deformation heterogeneity and the friction effect, at the surface in the bulk material of the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy processed by ECAP, is presented and discussed. The residual stress (RS) measurements were performed by means of X-Ray diffraction. By means of synchrotron diffraction, volumetric sections of the ECAPed samples were characterized. Finite element analysis showed a good agreement with the experimentally obtained residual stress and microhardness mapping results. The study also showed that the highest deformation zones were located at the outer parts of the deformed samples (top and bottom), while the inner zone showed strain oscillations of up to 49±2 MPa.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Hypertension Awareness, Treatment, and Control in Mexico: An Opportunistic Medical Student-led Blood Pressure Screening Campaign – A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Hypertension is still a growing public health problem in Mexico. An estimated 151% increase in the number of individuals with hypertension is expected for 2050 if actions are not taken in the country. The aim of this study is to describe hypertension awareness, treatment, control and its associated factors in participants of an opportunistic medical student-led blood pressure screening campaign in Mexico. Methods: A cross-sectional study, using convenience sampling was performed, including participants aged 18 years and older from 15 Mexican states. Each participant completed a questionnaire about risk factors and had three BP measurements taken. Hypertension was defined as ?140/90 mmHg. Multiple imputation with linear regression was performed where data was missing. Results: From a population of 2 545 participants, 623 (24.5%) participants had hypertension. Of those with hypertension, 81.9% had a previous diagnosis of hypertension and only 16.1% were not on medication at the time of screening; 61% were controlled, 121% were uncontrolled patients and 18% were not aware they had hypertension. High marginalization was found to have the biggest proportion of uncontrolled cases (33%), while the number of unaware hypertensives in very low marginalization states doubled the national figure. More than half the participants taking antihypertensive agents were on a single medication, achieving control in almost 8 in 10 patients. Conclusion: It is important to continue making and supporting awareness raising campaigns in different settings across the country to generate more evidence and lead to better programs for improving hypertension detection in Mexico