Distribution spatio-temporelle de la tique Ixodes ricinus sur la végétation d'une exploitation bovine du bocage nantais (partie 2 : Analyse à l'échelle des pâtures et de l'exploitation, analyse de la fiabilité de la méthode de collecte au drapeau)

Cette étude a été menée dans une exploitation bovine du bocage nantais, où des pâtures ont été sélectionnées pour récolter des tiques d Ixodes ricinus (déjà mises en évidence sur ce site dans une étude en 2007) par la méthode du drapeau. Des prélèvements au drapeau ont été effectués sur des transects fixes, au cours de 9 journées espacées de 10 jours environ, entre début avril et début juillet 2011. L objectif de cette étude est de déterminer les facteurs de risque environnementaux influant sur la répartition spatiale et temporelle des différents stades d Ixodes ricinus, et cela l échelle du transect, de la pâture, et de l exploitation. De plus, l étude de l efficacité de la méthode a été analysée par un protocole de répétition du passage du drapeau. Nous avons confirmé que l exploitation, située dans le bocage nantais, était un site très propice à Ixodes ricinus, avec des densités proches des records rapportés en Europe. Cette étude montre que les stades larvaire, nymphal et adulte d Ixodes ricinus sont associés spatialement ce qui souligne des contraintes biologiques communes. L analyse de la distribution spatio-temporelle d Ixodes ricinus à trois échelles différentes montre que l échelle locale du transect est la plus informative, avec une influence positive de l index de végétation, du talus, de la présence de feuilles et de jonc, à la fois sur les densités de nymphes et sur la stabilité de ces densités. La détermination des facteurs de risque pour les larves et les adultes est plus complexe de par une rareté de ces deux stades, mais aussi de par une efficacité de la méthode du drapeau moins bonne que pour le stade nymphal. L échelle de la pâture confirme l influence positive du boisement sur les densités des trois stades d Ixodes ricinus, tandis que l échelle de l exploitation montre principalement une influence positive de la température sur les densités de larves. La méthode de collecte du drapeau est plus adaptée au stade nymphal, quoique son efficacité soit aléatoire. Nous pouvons cependant nous appuyer sur la fiabilité d une collecte lorsque l on augmente le nombre de transects prospectés.NANTES-Ecole Nat.Vétérinaire (441092302) / SudocTOULOUSE-EN Vétérinaire (315552301) / SudocSudocFranceF

A rapidly established population of the invader mysid Neomysis americana (S.I. Smith, 1873) in the Seine estuary

(IF 1.74 [2018]; Q2)International audienceThe mysid Neomysis americana (S.I. Smith, 1873), which originates from North-American estuaries, was reported for the first time in 2017 in the Seine estuary (English Channel, France). This sighting represents the second reported occurrence of this species in Europe, following the record of two individuals in 2010 in the Wadden Sea (Netherlands). Its appearance seems recent since no individuals were recorded in previous intensive sampling carried out in the navigational channel and North Channel of the Seine estuary since the middle of the 1990s. In 2017, a total of 2674 individuals of N. americana were sampled, showing the rapid establishment of a reproductive population which was favorised by the decline of the autochthonous population of Neomysis integer (Leach, 1814)

Prey-Predation Relationships between Bivalves and Predatory Gastropods: Experiments on English Channel Populations

International audiencePredatory gastropods represent a potential menace for intertidal shellfish aquaculture along the French coast of the English Channel. Experimental studies have been established to analyse the predation of two drilling gastropods Ocenebra erinaceus and Ocinebrellus inornatus on the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) and the Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and to test if the feeding behaviour of these two predatory gastropods is influenced by the burying of the Manila clam in sediment. Both gastropods show significant predation on both bivalves, with feeding preference changing according to prey species and their availability. Moreover, the burying of clams does not significantly influence the feeding behaviour of their predators. Monitoring of this danger for oyster and clam farming should be encouraged on some sites of the western coast of Cotentin

Prey-Predation Relationships between Bivalves and Predatory Gastropods: Experiments on English Channel Populations

International audiencePredatory gastropods represent a potential menace for intertidal shellfish aquaculture along the French coast of the English Channel. Experimental studies have been established to analyse the predation of two drilling gastropods Ocenebra erinaceus and Ocinebrellus inornatus on the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) and the Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and to test if the feeding behaviour of these two predatory gastropods is influenced by the burying of the Manila clam in sediment. Both gastropods show significant predation on both bivalves, with feeding preference changing according to prey species and their availability. Moreover, the burying of clams does not significantly influence the feeding behaviour of their predators. Monitoring of this danger for oyster and clam farming should be encouraged on some sites of the western coast of Cotentin

Prey-predation relationships between bivalves and predatory gastropods: Experiments on English Channel populations

(IF N/A; N/A)International audiencePredatory gastropods represent a potential menace for intertidal shellfish aquaculture along the French coast of the English Channel. Experimental studies have been established to analyse the predation of two drilling gastropods Ocenebra erinaceus and Ocinebrellus inornatus on the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) and the Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and to test if the feeding behaviour of these two predatory gastropods is influenced by the burying of the Manila clam in sediment. Both gastropods show significant predation on both bivalves, with feeding preference changing according to prey species and their availability. Moreover, the burying of clams does not significantly influence the feeding behaviour of their predators. Monitoring of this danger for oyster and clam farming should be encouraged on some sites of the western coast of Cotentin

: Executive functions deficit in MCI

International audienceOBJECTIVE: To investigate whether patients diagnosed with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have also impairment in attention/executive functions, and therefore to clarify whether all subcomponents of executive control are equally affected in MCI. BACKGROUND: MCI refers to the transitional state between normal aging and dementia. Amnestic MCI is characterized by impaired episodic memory, although subtle impairment of executive functions has been noted on neuropsychologic tests. METHODS: We investigated 20 MCI patients and 20 normal controls using episodic memory, attention/executive functions, language, and praxis tests. RESULTS: MCI patients had significantly lower scores on all measures of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (P<0.05 to 0.01) than controls. Furthermore, MCI had a greater number of perseverations (P<0.01) on Modified Card Sorting Test and the lowest performance on the Stroop Test (P<0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed impairment in episodic memory performance in MCI as compared with that of controls. In addition, MCI patients had problems with response inhibition, switching, and cognitive flexibility, which encompass various aspects of executive functions. This suggests that MCI may be identified by using a more detailed procedure for the assessment of cognitive decline than the evaluation of memory alone

In Vitro Susceptibility to Posaconazole of 1,903 Yeast Isolates Recovered in France from 2003 to 2006 and Tested by the Method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing▿

The posaconazole MIC90 for 1,903 yeast isolates from France was 1 μg/ml (range, ≤0.015 to 8 μg/ml). Ninety percent of isolates with fluconazole MICs of ≥8 μg/ml (n = 509) and 90% of those with voriconazole MICs of ≥2 μg/ml (n = 80) were inhibited by 2 and 8 μg/ml of posaconazole, respectively

Aortic Event Rate in the Marfan Population: A Cohort Study

International audienceOptimal management, including timing of surgery, remains debated in Marfan syndrome because of a lack of data on aortic risk associated with this disease

Surgical management of patients with Marfan syndrome: Evolution throughout the years

International audienceTo evaluate the evolution of surgical management in a large population of patients with Marfan syndrome