Challenges of MSMEs in India government initiatives for enhancing competitiveness of MSMEs in India.

The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a pivotal role in the economic and social development of the country, often acting as a nursery of entrepreneurship. They also play a key role in the development of the economy with their effective, efficient, flexible and innovative entrepreneurial spirit. The MSME sector contributes significantly to the country’s manufacturing output, employment and exports and is credited with generating the highest employment growth as well as accounting for a major share of industrial production and exports. The objective of the paper is to examine the various opportunities and challenges faced by Indian MSME sector. Further, the study also focuses on evaluating the Government in policies and strategies and other measures initiated for promoting the competitiveness among the Indian MSMEs. Basically the study focused on six key challenges which the MSME sector has been facing, viz, Dearth of easy finance and credit instruments, limiting regulatory policies, unavailability of modern, affordable technology, lack of basic infrastructure facilities, absence of exclusive marketing platforms and distribution networks and inflexible labour laws and availability of affordable skilled labour. Despite the various challenges, the MSME sector has shown admirable innovativeness, adaptability and resilience to survive the recent economic downturn and contribute significantly to India’s industrial growth. Finally the paper concluded with appropriate measures initiated by the government for enhancing the competitiveness of the sector

Impact of currency devaluation on Indian economy and stock market.

Fluctuations in currency of a particular nation are a natural outcome of the present system of economy because of existence of floating exchange rate system. The exchange rate of one currency versus the other is influenced by numerous fundamental and technical factors. These include relative supply and demand of the two currencies, economic performance, outlook for inflation, interest rate differentials, capital flows, technical support and resistance levels, and so on. But in recent days foliations are taking in the form of devaluation of currencies which may result in reducing the country’s exports expenditure for foreigners, whereas, foreign products are relatively more expensive for domestic consumers as well as discourage the imports. Further the devaluation of currency will improve the trade competitiveness and decrease the trade deficit. Government may use this strategy to boost the aggregate demand in the economy and decrease the unemployment. An effective devaluation of currency may raise the world demand for its exports and reduce a nation’s imports. It cause to increase in the inflow of foreign currency and it may help to become stronger on overall balance of payments account. The present study assesses the impact of Yuan (CNY) depreciation on the various facets of the Indian economy like general commodity prices, exports of various essential commodities, impact on other major industries like steel, textile, cement, pharmaceuticals etc. The present paper highlights the impact of devaluation of Chinese currency on Indian stock market in specific. The article also focuses on the measures initiated by the government of India in this direction. Finally the researcher suggested some suggestions for overcoming the present burning problem

Stability of binary complexes of L-aspartic acid in dioxan–water mixtures

Speciation of binary complexes of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) with L-aspartic acid  in (0–60% v/v) 1,4-dioxan (Dox)-water mixtures was studied pH metrically at 303±0.1 K and at an ionic strength of 0.16 M. The models contained ML, ML2, ML2H2, ML2H3 and ML2H4 species. The trend in the variation of stability constants with Dox content was explained on the basis of electrostatic and non-electrostatic forces. Distribution of the species with pH at different compositions of Dox-water media was also presented. KEY WORDS: Binary complexes, Stability constants, Aspartic acid, Speciation, Dioxan Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2013, 27(3), 367-376.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v27i3.

Adaptive Fuzzy PI Current Control of Grid Interact PV Inverter

Now a day‟s, Photo Voltaic (PV) power generation rapidly increasing. This power generation highly depending on the temperature and irradiation. When this power interface with grid through the voltage source inverter with PI controller. Its gains should be updated due to the parametric changes for the better performance. In This Work Fuzzy Controller updates the gains of the proportional integral (PI)s Controller under variable parametric conditions. the gaines of the PI Controller are updated based on the error current and change in error current through the fuzzy controller. The error current in direct and quadrature frame are the Inputs to the PI controller. The PI Controller generates the reference voltage to the pulse width modulation technique. Here reference voltage is compared with the carrier signal to generate the pulses to the 3-Ph Inverter connected to the grid. This controller has given well dynamic response with less steady state error and also given The less THD of the grid current compared to the PI and Fuzzy controller.It Is implemented and verified in MATLAB Simulink

Guidance Systems of Fighter Aircraft

Mission performance of a fighter aircraft is crucial for survival and strike capabilities in todays' aerial warfare scenario. The guidance functions of such an aircraft play a vital role inmeeting the requirements and accomplishing the mission success. This paper presents the requirements of precision guidance for various missions of a fighter aircraft. The concept ofguidance system as a pilot-in-loop system is pivotal in understanding and designing such a system. Methodologies of designing such a system are described

EPR and optical absorption studies of Fe3 ions in sodium borophosphate glasses

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and optical absorption spectral investigations have been carried out on Fe3 ions doped sodium borophosphate glasses (NaH2PO4B2O 3Fe2O3). The EPR spectra exhibit resonance signals with effective g values at g=2.02, g=4.2 and g=6.4. The resonance signal at g=4.2 is due to isolated Fe3 ions in site with rhombic symmetry whereas the g=2.02 resonance is due to Fe3 ions coupled by exchange interaction in a distorted octahedral environment. The EPR spectra at different temperatures (123295 K) have also been studied. The intensity of the resonance signals decreases with increase in temperature whereas linewidth is found to be independent of temperature. The paramagnetic susceptibility (Ï) was calculated from the EPR data at various temperatures and the Curie constant (C) and paramagnetic Curie temperature (θp) have been evaluated from the 1/Ï versus T graph. The optical absorption spectrum exhibits bands characteristic of Fe3 ions in octahedral symmetry. The crystal field parameter (Dq) and the Racah interelectronic repulsion parameters (B and C) have also been evaluated and discussed. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd

Sorption Characterization of Crab Shell Chitin Whisker Reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde Nanocomposites

The crab shell chitin diffusion characteristics are studied for their characterization [1].Solvent absorption of chitin reinforced composites is one major concern in the field biomedical applications, especially in tissue engineering for drug delivery. Traditionally diffusion characteristics of chitin whisker embedded in Phenolic matrix are studied to understand their mechanism of solvent absorption and to find  the relationship between  the microscopic structure and the solvent absorption of the composites. The purpose of this study is to facilitate for understanding the behavior of nano chitin loading into the polymer like phenolic composites. The solvent absorption behavior of composites with different fiber loadings percentage by weight was investigated. At a critical chitin fiber loading is reported where the diffusion process is found to be dominant

Direct Detection of Bacillus cereus and its Enterotoxigenic Genes in Meat and Meat Products by Polymerase Chain Reaction

This study was conducted to standardize a method to directly detect B. cereus (gyrB) and its enterotoxigenic genes (hblDAC, nheABC, cytK and entFM) from the meat and meat products by PCR, without going for isolation and identification procedures. The method employed was compared with the standard microbiological procedures to determine its efficacy. Among the 150 food samples (raw meats and meat products) analyzed, 60 (40%) were positive for isolation and 59 (39.33%) turned out positive by direct PCR (targeting sequence within gyrB gene). Food samples screened directly by multiplex-PCR showed almost similar enterotoxin gene profile as of isolates from these samples. Among the positive samples, only two samples from the meat products showed different enterotxigenic gene pattern compared to isolates from these samples. The incidences of various enteroxigenic genes hblD, hblA, hblC, nheA, nheB, nheC, cytK and entFM was 66.10%, 66.10%, 67.78%, 96.61%, 96.61%, 93.22%, 67.78% and 100%, respectively. Therefore, the current method can be employed for the direct detection of B. cereus and its enterotoxigenic genes in the meat and meat products without going for isolation and identification procedures and the method can be extended to other foods as well

Oxamido binuclear copper (II) complexes: Synthesis, crystal structure, DNA interaction and antibacterial studies

Four binuclear copper (II) complexes Cu(oxpn)Cu(B)2+ (2-5) bridged by N, Nâ²-bis3-(methylamino) propyl oxamide (oxpn), where, B is N, N-donor heterocyclic bases (viz. 2,2â²-bipyridine (bpy, 2), 1,10-phenathroline (phen, 3), dipyrido3,2-d:2â²,3â²-fquinoxaline (dpq, 4) and dipyrido3,2-a:2â²,3â²-cphenazine (dppz, 5) are synthesized, characterized by different spectroscopic and single crystal X-ray data technique. The phen (3) and dpq (4) complexes were structurally characterized by X-ray data analysis. Their DNA binding, oxidative cleavage and antibactirial activities were studied. The dpq (4) and dppz (5) complexes are avid binders to the Calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA). The phen (3), dpq (4) and dppz (5) complexes show efficient oxidative cleavage of supercoiled DNA (SC DNA) through hydroxyl radical (OH) pathway in the presence of Mercaptopropionic acid (MPA). © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved