1,114 research outputs found
Estimation of genetic variation in residual variance in female and male broiler chickens
In breeding programs, robustness of animals and uniformity of end product can be improved by exploiting genetic variation in residual variance. Residual variance can be defined as environmental variance after accounting for all identifiable effects. The aims of this study were to estimate genetic variance in residual variance of body weight, and to estimate genetic correlations between body weight itself and its residual variance and between female and male residual variance for broilers. The data sets comprised 26 972 female and 24 407 male body weight records. Variance components were estimated with ASREML. Estimates of the heritability of residual variance were in the range 0.029 (s.e.50.003) to 0.047 (s.e.50.004). The genetic coefficients of variation were high, between 0.35 and 0.57. Heritabilities were higher in females than in males. Accounting for heterogeneous residual variance increased the heritabilities for body weight as well. Genetic correlations between body weight and its residual variance were 20.41 (s.e.50.032) and 20.45 (s.e.50.040), respectively, in females and males. The genetic correlation between female and male residual variance was 0.11 (s.e.50.089), indicating that female and male residual variance are different traits. Results indicate good opportunities to simultaneously increase the mean and improve uniformity of body weight of broilers by selection
Separable approximation for mixed states of composite quantum systems
We describe a purely algebraic method for finding the best separable
approximation to a mixed state of a composite 2x2 quantum system, consisting of
a decomposition of the state into a linear combination of a mixed separable
part and a pure entangled one. We prove that, in a generic case, the weight of
the pure part in the decomposition equals the concurrence of the state.Comment: 13 pages, no figures; minor changes; accepted for publication in PR
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Comparison of coal liquefaction processes. Final report on Task 006
Five processes were studied to determine which could give best results for supplying hydrocarbon fuels to replace petroleum products. The processes were Fischer-Tropsch; M-Gasoline; H-Coal; Exxon Donor Solvent; and Solvent Refined Coal. The conclusions of the study are that all of the processes are considered commercially feasible and, because the different products from the different processes will meet different market demands, any significant future liquids from coal market will probably use some of each of these processes. The anticipated conversion efficiency values are given to indicate resource utilization. Simplified capital costs are approximated for each process. These are used in combination with product amounts and relative values to achieve a cost ranking. Because the study was concerned solely with liquid products, Fischer-Tropsch was at a disadvantage. The remaining four were relatively close and a final decision would depend upon the actual end use requirements. For a situation with residual fuels selling at severe discounts, M-Gasoline and H-Coal (Syncrude Mode) were the better choices
Geometry of entangled states
Geometric properties of the set of quantum entangled states are investigated.
We propose an explicit method to compute the dimension of local orbits for any
mixed state of the general K x M problem and characterize the set of
effectively different states (which cannot be related by local
transformations). Thus we generalize earlier results obtained for the simplest
2 x 2 system, which lead to a stratification of the 6D set of N=4 pure states.
We define the concept of absolutely separable states, for which all globally
equivalent states are separable.Comment: 16 latex pages, 4 figures in epsf, minor corrections, references
updated, to appear in Phys. Rev.
Optimization approach to entanglement distillation
We put forward a method for optimized distillation of partly entangled pairs
of qubits into a smaller number of more entangled pairs by recurrent local
unitary operations and projections. Optimized distillation is achieved by
minimization of a cost function with up to 30 real parameters, which is chosen
to be sensitive to the fidelity and the projection probability at each step. We
show that in many cases this approach can significantly improve the
distillation efficiency in comparison to the present methods.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, REVTEX. New examples, figures and references,
more detailed explanations. To appear in Phys. Rev.
Interaction of ENSO-driven Flood Variability and Anthropogenic Changes in Driving Channel Evolution: Corryong/ Nariel Creek, Australia
This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Australian Geographer on 03/09/2015, available online: 10.1080/00049182.2015.1048595Understanding the relative contributions of climatic and anthropogenic drivers of channel change are important to inform river management, especially in the context of environmental change. This global debate is especially pertinent in Australia as catchments have been severely altered since recent European settlement, and there is also strong evidence of cyclical climate variability controlling environmental systems. Corryong/Nariel Creek is an ideal setting to further study the interaction between climate and anthropogenic changes on channel evolution as it has experienced both significant periods of flood and drought, controlled by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and extensive anthropogenic changes. Since European settlement the floodplain has been completely cleared, the riparian zone almost entirely invaded by willows, and every reach of the channel has experienced some form of direct channel modification. Through the combined analysis of channel evolution, climate changes and anthropogenic history of the river it was found that both the ENSO-driven climate and anthropogenic drivers are significant, although at different scales of channel change. Significant straightening in response to land clearing in the early twentieth century occurred before any records of direct channel modifications. Following this, most river management works were in response to instabilities created in the clearing period, or to instabilities created by flooding triggering a new phase of instability in reaches which had already undergone stabilisation works. Overall, human activities triggered channel instability via land clearing, and management works since then generally exacerbated erosion during high flows that are driven by climate fluctuations. This research raises the interesting question of whether rivers in Australia have become more responsive to the ENSO cycle since the clearing of catchment and riparian vegetation, or whether the past response to climate variability was different
Evolution of active and polar photospheric magnetic fields during the rise of Cycle 24 compared to previous cycles
The evolution of the photospheric magnetic field during the declining phase
and minimum of Cycle 23 and the recent rise of Cycle 24 are compared with the
behavior during previous cycles. We used longitudinal full-disk magnetograms
from the NSO's three magnetographs at Kitt Peak, the Synoptic Optical Long-term
Investigations of the Sun (SOLIS) Vector Spectro-Magnetograph (VSM), the
Spectromagnetograph and the 512-Channel Magnetograph instruments, and
longitudinal full-disk magnetograms from the Mt. Wilson 150-foot tower. We
analyzed 37 years of observations from these two observatories that have been
observing daily, weather permitting, since 1974, offering an opportunity to
study the evolving relationship between the active region and polar fields in
some detail over several solar cycles. It is found that the annual averages of
a proxy for the active region poloidal magnetic field strength, the magnetic
field strength of the high-latitude poleward streams, and the time derivative
of the polar field strength are all well correlated in each hemisphere. These
results are based on statistically significant cyclical patterns in the active
region fields and are consistent with the Babcock-Leighton phenomenological
model for the solar activity cycle. There was more hemispheric asymmetry in the
activity level, as measured by total and maximum active region flux, during
late Cycle 23 (after around 2004), when the southern hemisphere was more
active, and Cycle 24 up to the present, when the northern hemisphere has been
more active, than at any other time since 1974. The active region net proxy
poloidal fields effectively disappeared in both hemispheres around 2004, and
the polar fields did not become significantly stronger after this time. We see
evidence that the process of Cycle 24 field reversal has begun at both poles.Comment: Accepted for publication in Solar Physic
A Geometric Picture of Entanglement and Bell Inequalities
We work in the real Hilbert space H_s of hermitian Hilbert-Schmid operators
and show that the entanglement witness which shows the maximal violation of a
generalized Bell inequality (GBI) is a tangent functional to the convex set S
subset H_s of separable states. This violation equals the euclidean distance in
H_s of the entangled state to S and thus entanglement, GBI and tangent
functional are only different aspects of the same geometric picture. This is
explicitly illustrated in the example of two spins, where also a comparison
with familiar Bell inequalities is presented.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures, 4 references adde
Multipartite entangled coherent states
We propose a scheme for generating multipartite entangled coherent states via
entanglement swapping, with an example of a physical realization in ion traps.
Bipartite entanglement of these multipartite states is quantified by the
concurrence. We also use the --tangle to compute multipartite entanglement
for certain systems. Finally we establish that these results for entanglement
can be applied to more general multipartite entangled nonorthogonal states.Comment: 7 pages, two figures. We added more detail discussions on the
generation of multipartite entangled coherent states and multipartite
entangelemen
How can the Odderon be detected at RHIC and LHC
The Odderon remains an elusive object, 33 years after its invention. The
Odderon is now a fundamental object in QCD and CGC and it has to be found
experimentally if QCD and CGC are right. In the present paper, we show how to
find it at RHIC and LHC. The most spectacular signature of the Odderon is the
predicted difference between the differential cross-sections for proton-proton
and antiproton-proton at high s and moderate t. The experiment can be done by
using the STAR detector at RHIC and by combining these future data with the
already present UA4/2 data. The Odderon could also be found by ATLAS
exeperiment at LHC by performing a high-precision measurement of the real part
of the hadron elastic scattering amplitude at small t.Comment: 14 pages, 16 figures, two typographical errors corrected and
acknowledgments adde
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