The Uptake of 32P by Brown Planthoppers (Nilaparvata Lugens Stal) Gonads

Abstract. The radioisotop 32P has been used quite extensively in the field of insect ecology and insect physiology. It has been widely known that 32P is one of the several isotopes applied to tag the insects for migration studies, to estimate the sap uptake or the excretion of sucking insects as well as for the study of sperms transfer in sterilization study. Within the scope of Sterile Insects Techniques, the study on the uptake of 32P by the gonads of brown planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) could be meaningful. The 32P radioisotopes used had been one of most available products of the Centre. The radioisotope provided also a possible source for sterilization due to its accumulative effect. Results of the investigation on the 32P uptake by the whole body and gonads after feeding on radioactive rice seedlings will be reported.a. Absorption of 32PP by rice seedling ( Pelita I/1 )The specific activities of 32PP (Carrier free) applied to the two week old seedlings were 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, and 20 uci/cc. The radioactivity count of hoppers and leaf tips were made 48 hrs. after submersion of the seedlings in the radioactive solution.b. Absorption of 32PP by BPHThe radioactive seedlings were offered to BPH after being washed thoroughly with water. A single BPH is fed on a single rice seedlings kept in a glass tube. Count of the whole body and dissected gonads were made 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after feeding. Sterility effects were observed from the mating of 32P treated hoppers. Sari. Radioisotop 32p telah dipergunakan secara luas dalam bidang ekologi dan fisiologi serangga. Telah diketahui secara luas bahwa 32Pp merupakan salah satu dari beberapa isotop yang telah dipergunakan untuk penandaan serangga guna menunjang studi migrasi, pengambilan cairan tanaman ataupun ekskresi dari serangga penghisap ataupun studi tentang transfer dari sperma. Didalam ruangan lingkup Teknik Serangga Mandul, studi dari pengambilan 32p oleh gonad dari wereng coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) dapat mempunyai arti penting mengingat bahwa produk ini merupakan salah satu hasil yang mudah diperoleh dari PPTN dan mempunyai prospek yang baik sebagai sumber sterilisasi internat mengingat pengaruh akumulatipnya. Berikut adalah hasil penelitian tentang pengambilan 32P oleh seluruh tubuh dan gonad wereng setelah diberi makan benih padi yang radioaktip.a. Absorbsi 32P oleh benih padi (Pelita I/1)Aktivitas jenis dari 32P (bebas pengemban) yang dipergunakan untuk penandaan benih padi berumur 2 minggu adalah 1,2,4,6,8,10,15 dan 20 uci/cc. pencacahan terhadap ujung daun dan wereng dilakukan setelah akar benih padi direndam dalam larutan radioaktip selama 48 jam.b. Absorbsi 32P oleh wereng coklatBenih padi yang telah radioaktip dumpankan kepada wereng coklat setelah dicuci bersih dengan air suling.Satu wereng coklat dewasa diberi makan satu benih padi di dalam sebuah tabung kaca. Pencacahan dari tubuh dan gonad wereng yang telah dikeluarkan dilakukan 24, 48, 72, dan 96 jam setelah makan. Efek pemandulan diamati dari perkawinan wereng yang telah mendapat perlakuan 32P

Feature extraction using regular expression in detecting proper noun for Malay news articles based on KNN algorithm

No AbstractKeywords: data mining; named entity recognition; regular expression; natural language processin

Terrain Mapping From Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

In land surveying, digital terrain model (DTM) and digital surface model (DSM) have long been benefitted in many applications related to terrain mapping. Conventional methods of generating DTM and DSM have limitations in terms of practicality, time consumption and costing. The problems are much more serious for tropical regions where clouds are persistence and tend to affect the accuracy of most of these devices. This study aims to propose a novel way of generating DTM and DSM by utilizing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for different land covers including forest, plantation and developed areas in the tropical region of Malaysia. The aerial images obtained from non-matrix digital compact camera payload on UAV were processed photogrammetrically to produce terrain mapping products including DTM, DSM and orthophoto. A detailed survey is also conducted at these areas to produce contour map as benchmark data in which is less being practiced by UAV mappers. To determine the accuracy, quantitative and qualitative analysis were carried out by means of root mean square error (RMSE) and visual inspection. The results show that the RMSE of DTM for forest, plantation and developed area are ± 1.806m, ± 0.938m and ± 0.549m, respectively while for DSM are ± 3.143m, ± 0.637m and ± 0.276m respectively. This study has determined that, the development area gives the highest accuracy compared to the plantation and forested area in which for developed and plantation area the DSM is better than DTM while vice-versa for forested area. It can be concluded that the complexity if terrain is found to be one of the key factors that influences the accuracy of the generated DSM and DTM

The Uptake of 32P by Brown Planthoppers (Nilaparvata Lugens Stal) Gonads

Abstract. The radioisotop 32P has been used quite extensively in the field of insect ecology and insect physiology. It has been widely known that 32P is one of the several isotopes applied to tag the insects for migration studies, to estimate the sap uptake or the excretion of sucking insects as well as for the study of sperms transfer in sterilization study. Within the scope of Sterile Insects Techniques, the study on the uptake of 32P by the gonads of brown planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) could be meaningful. The 32P radioisotopes used had been one of most available products of the Centre. The radioisotope provided also a possible source for sterilization due to its accumulative effect. Results of the investigation on the 32P uptake by the whole body and gonads after feeding on radioactive rice seedlings will be reported.a. Absorption of 32PP by rice seedling ( Pelita I/1 )The specific activities of 32PP (Carrier free) applied to the two week old seedlings were 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, and 20 uci/cc. The radioactivity count of hoppers and leaf tips were made 48 hrs. after submersion of the seedlings in the radioactive solution.b. Absorption of 32PP by BPHThe radioactive seedlings were offered to BPH after being washed thoroughly with water. A single BPH is fed on a single rice seedlings kept in a glass tube. Count of the whole body and dissected gonads were made 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after feeding. Sterility effects were observed from the mating of 32P treated hoppers. Sari. Radioisotop 32p telah dipergunakan secara luas dalam bidang ekologi dan fisiologi serangga. Telah diketahui secara luas bahwa 32Pp merupakan salah satu dari beberapa isotop yang telah dipergunakan untuk penandaan serangga guna menunjang studi migrasi, pengambilan cairan tanaman ataupun ekskresi dari serangga penghisap ataupun studi tentang transfer dari sperma. Didalam ruangan lingkup Teknik Serangga Mandul, studi dari pengambilan 32p oleh gonad dari wereng coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) dapat mempunyai arti penting mengingat bahwa produk ini merupakan salah satu hasil yang mudah diperoleh dari PPTN dan mempunyai prospek yang baik sebagai sumber sterilisasi internat mengingat pengaruh akumulatipnya. Berikut adalah hasil penelitian tentang pengambilan 32P oleh seluruh tubuh dan gonad wereng setelah diberi makan benih padi yang radioaktip.a. Absorbsi 32P oleh benih padi (Pelita I/1)Aktivitas jenis dari 32P (bebas pengemban) yang dipergunakan untuk penandaan benih padi berumur 2 minggu adalah 1,2,4,6,8,10,15 dan 20 uci/cc. pencacahan terhadap ujung daun dan wereng dilakukan setelah akar benih padi direndam dalam larutan radioaktip selama 48 jam.b. Absorbsi 32P oleh wereng coklatBenih padi yang telah radioaktip dumpankan kepada wereng coklat setelah dicuci bersih dengan air suling.Satu wereng coklat dewasa diberi makan satu benih padi di dalam sebuah tabung kaca. Pencacahan dari tubuh dan gonad wereng yang telah dikeluarkan dilakukan 24, 48, 72, dan 96 jam setelah makan. Efek pemandulan diamati dari perkawinan wereng yang telah mendapat perlakuan 32P

Simultaneous multiple channel all-optical NRZ to CSRZ and RZ to CSRZ format conversion using an SOA-NOLM

The optical conversion bandwidth for an all-optical modulation format converter, based on a semiconductor laser amplifier in a nonlinear optical loop mirror (SOA-NOLM), is investigated. 4 Â 10 Gbit/s channels are all- optically converted between both non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero (RZ) format to carrier- suppressed return-to-zero (CSRZ). WDM transmission of the converted signals over a 194 km fibre span is then demonstrated. The receiver sensitivity for the converted four wavelengths is measured and compared after transmission

Revitalizing the unused urban space,case study : Lhokseumawe, Aceh -Indonesia

The phenomenon of urban decline in the highly industrialized nation is now slowly taking place in the developing world. Deindustrialization as defined as a decline in the manufacturing sectors led to the changes in social, economic and subsequently a shift in urban activities. By taking Lhokseumawe, Aceh, Republic of Indonesia as an example, this paper attempts to uncover the possibilities and opportunities in identifying the causes and tracing back on the decline. Lhokseumawe, Aceh was a well-known industrial region outside Java Island, and it has attracted thousands of workers from northern Sumatera and the nearby regions. After the downturn of the economy and the change in activities, the city slowly showed a decline. Scholars has estimated that one in six of the cities around the world that relied on oil and gas production activities will suffer from this phenomenological impact. Lhokseumawe is a good example of an industrial plants where PT Arun LNG (private limited company) operated since 1974 grew up rapidly and nicknamed "Petrodollar City". The trickle effect of the activities from the petrodollar business led to a few settlements popping up at the periphery as a result of urban sprawl from Lhokseumawe, however, the glory of the economic growth outlived within a short period. This was resulted from the production of PT Arun NGL which had dropped dramatically in the 2000s and suddenly closed the operation in October 2014. From these perspectives, this paper attempts to investigate the impact of deindustrialization within the urban space and activity in Lhokseumawe which have consequences to urban declining phenomena. By taking one of the revitalized urban space formerly known as Cunda Plaza (CP) as a case study area, the paper will apply synoptic method through observation, space mapping and interview techniques for gathering and examining the data. The findings indicates that Cunda Plaza is a magnet as a central hub of urban activities which can be integrated with other thriving activities from urban conurbation of academic related activities within the city

Immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome : Secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE database

The aim of this study was to describe data on epidemiology, ventilatory management, and outcome of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in immunocompromised patients. Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis on the cohort of immunocompromised patients enrolled in the Large Observational Study to Understand the Global Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Failure (LUNG SAFE) study. The LUNG SAFE study was an international, prospective study including hypoxemic patients in 459 ICUs from 50 countries across 5 continents. Results: Of 2813 patients with ARDS, 584 (20.8%) were immunocompromised, 38.9% of whom had an unspecified cause. Pneumonia, nonpulmonary sepsis, and noncardiogenic shock were their most common risk factors for ARDS. Hospital mortality was higher in immunocompromised than in immunocompetent patients (52.4% vs 36.2%; p < 0.0001), despite similar severity of ARDS. Decisions regarding limiting life-sustaining measures were significantly more frequent in immunocompromised patients (27.1% vs 18.6%; p < 0.0001). Use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) as first-line treatment was higher in immunocompromised patients (20.9% vs 15.9%; p = 0.0048), and immunodeficiency remained independently associated with the use of NIV after adjustment for confounders. Forty-eight percent of the patients treated with NIV were intubated, and their mortality was not different from that of the patients invasively ventilated ab initio. Conclusions: Immunosuppression is frequent in patients with ARDS, and infections are the main risk factors for ARDS in these immunocompromised patients. Their management differs from that of immunocompetent patients, particularly the greater use of NIV as first-line ventilation strategy. Compared with immunocompetent subjects, they have higher mortality regardless of ARDS severity as well as a higher frequency of limitation of life-sustaining measures. Nonetheless, nearly half of these patients survive to hospital discharge. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073. Registered on 12 December 2013