218 research outputs found
Effects of energetic-ion-driven instabilities on plasma heating, transport and rotation in toroidal systems
Edge electron states for quasi-one-dimensional organic conductors in the magnetic-field-induced spin-density-wave phases
We develop a microscopic picture of the electron states localized at the
edges perpendicular to the chains in the Bechgaard salts in the quantum Hall
regime. In a magnetic-field-induced spin-density-wave state (FISDW)
characterized by an integer N, there exist N branches of chiral gapless edge
excitations. Localization length is much longer and velocity much lower for
these states than for the edge states parallel to the chains. We calculate the
contribution of these states to the specific heat and propose a time-of-flight
experiment to probe the propagating edge modes directly.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. V.2: Minor changes to the final version published
in PR
A study on correlation effects in two dimensional topological insulators
We investigate correlation effects in two dimensional topological insulators
(TI). In the first part, we discuss finite size effects for interacting systems
of different sizes in a ribbon geometry. For large systems, there are two pairs
of well separated massless modes on both edges. For these systems, we analyze
the finite size effects using a standard bosonization approach. For small
systems, where the edge states are massive Dirac fermions, we use the
inhomogeneous dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) combined with iterative
perturbation theory as an impurity solver to study interaction effects. We show
that the finite size gap in the edge states is renormalized for weak
interactions, which is consistent with a Fermi-liquid picture for small size
TIs. In the second part, we investigate phase transitions in finite size TIs at
zero temperature focusing on the effects of possible inter-edge Umklapp
scattering for the edge states within the inhomogeneous DMFT using the
numerical renormalization group. We show that correlation effects are
effectively stronger near the edge sites because the coordination number is
smaller than in the bulk. Therefore, the localization of the edge states around
the edge sites, which is a fundamental property in TIs, is weakened for strong
coupling strengths. However, we find no signs for "edge Mott insulating states"
and the system stays in the topological insulating state, which is
adiabatically connected to the non-interacting state, for all interaction
strengths smaller than the critical value. Increasing the interaction further,
a nearly homogeneous Mott insulating state is stabilized.Comment: 20 page
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Theory of Resonance Influence of Sawtooth Crashes on Ions with Large Orbit Width
The role of resonances in the sawtooth-crash-induced redistribution of fast ions is investigated. In particular, the conditions of wave-particle resonant interaction in the presence of the equilibrium electric field and the mode rotation are obtained, and effects of sawteeth on the resonant particles with arbitrary width of non-perturbed orbits are studied. It is found that resonances play the dominant role in the transport of ions having sufficiently high energy. It is shown that the resonance regions may overlap, in which case the resonant particles may constitute the main fraction of the fast ion population in the sawtooth mixing region. The behavior of the resonant particles is studied both by constructing a Poincaré map and analytically, by means of the adiabatic invariant derived in this paper and calculation of the characteristic frequencies of the particle motion
Superconductivity of Quasi-One and Quasi-Two Dimensional Tight-Binding Electrons in Magnetic Field
The upper critical field of the tight-binding electrons in the
three-dimensional lattice is investigated.
The electrons make Cooper pairs between the eigenstates with the same energy
in the strong magnetic field. The transition lines in the quasi-one dimensional
case are shown to deviate from the previously obtained results where the
hopping matrix elements along the magnetic field are neglected. In the absence
of the Pauli pair breaking the transition temperature of the quasi-two
dimensional electrons is obtained to oscillationally increase as the magnetic
field becomes large and reaches to in the strong field as in the
quasi-one dimensional case.Comment: 4pages,4figures,to be published in J.Phys.Soc.Jp
Competing phases in the high field phase diagram of (TMTSF)ClO
A model is presented for the high field phase diagram of (TMTSF)ClO,
taking into account the anion ordering, which splits the Fermi surface in two
bands. For strong enough field, the largest metal-SDW critical temperature
corresponds to the N=0 phase, which originates from two intraband nesting
processes. At lower temperature, the competition between these processes puts
at disadvantage the N=0 phase vs. the N=1 phase, which is due to interband
nesting. A first order transition takes then place from the N=0 to N=1 phase.
We ascribe to this effect the experimentally observed phase diagrams.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures (to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett.
Fractional ac Josephson effect in unconventional superconductors
For certain orientations of Josephson junctions between two p_x-wave or two
d-wave superconductors, the subgap Andreev bound states produce a 4pi-periodic
relation between the Josephson current I and the phase difference phi: I ~
sin(phi/2). Consequently, the ac Josephson current has the fractional frequency
eV/h, where V is the dc voltage. In the tunneling limit, the Josephson current
is proportional to the first power (not square) of the electron tunneling
amplitude. Thus, the Josephson current between unconventional superconductors
is carried by single electrons, rather than by Cooper pairs. The fractional ac
Josephson effect can be observed experimentally by measuring frequency spectrum
of microwave radiation from the junction.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, RevTEX 4; v2. - minor typos corrected in proof
Turnover, account value and diversification of real traders: evidence of collective portfolio optimizing behavior
Despite the availability of very detailed data on financial market,
agent-based modeling is hindered by the lack of information about real trader
behavior. This makes it impossible to validate agent-based models, which are
thus reverse-engineering attempts. This work is a contribution to the building
of a set of stylized facts about the traders themselves. Using the client
database of Swissquote Bank SA, the largest on-line Swiss broker, we find
empirical relationships between turnover, account values and the number of
assets in which a trader is invested. A theory based on simple mean-variance
portfolio optimization that crucially includes variable transaction costs is
able to reproduce faithfully the observed behaviors. We finally argue that our
results bring into light the collective ability of a population to construct a
mean-variance portfolio that takes into account the structure of transaction
costsComment: 26 pages, 9 figures, Fig. 8 fixe
Parquet solution for a flat Fermi surface
We study instabilities occurring in the electron system whose Fermi surface
has flat regions on its opposite sides. Such a Fermi surface resembles Fermi
surfaces of some high- superconductors. In the framework of the parquet
approximation, we classify possible instabilities and derive
renormalization-group equations that determine the evolution of corresponding
susceptibilities with decreasing temperature. Numerical solutions of the
parquet equations are found to be in qualitative agreement with a ladder
approximation. For the repulsive Hubbard interaction, the antiferromagnetic
(spin-density-wave) instability dominates, but when the Fermi surface is not
perfectly flat, the -wave superconducting instability takes over.Comment: REVTeX, 36 pages, 20 ps figures inserted via psfig. Submitted to
Phys. Rev.
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