Le compartiment sauvage de la carotte en France : des ressources génétiques importantes et pourtant méconnues

La France est considérée comme centre secondaire de diversification de la carotte, du fait de l’activité importante de sélection (par des maraîchers ou semenciers), ce qui justifie les actions de conservation et connaissance des variétés anciennes menées par le réseau de ressources génétiques « Carotte et autres Daucus ». Par contre, le compartiment sauvage est méconnu et sous-exploité, alors qu’il s’agit d’une espèce pour laquelle de nombreuses populations existent sur le territoire français, avec une situation très contrastée. Si la carotte sauvage D. carota spp carota n’est pas en danger, d’autres sous espèces sont protégées (ssp gadecaei) ou menacées du fait de la dégradation de leur milieux naturels notamment en zone littorale ou de possibles introgressions avec la sous-espèce carota. Le travail présenté porte donc sur : i/ la sauvegarde et la mise à disposition des ressources génétiques sauvages, à travers l’inventaire de populations in situ et la constitution de collections ex-situ ; ii/ l’approfondissement de la connaissance et de l’identification taxonomique des sous-espèces sauvages ; iii/ la connaissance de la diversité au sein du compartiment sauvage (marqueurs SSR et données écologiques) ; et iv/ l’évaluation des ressources génétiques sauvages de carotte pour permettre leur exploitation (fertilité, croisements avec le compartiment cultivé, tolérance à différents bioagresseurs). Ce programme fait l’objet du soutien d’un contrat de branche du ministère de l’agriculture et implique les membres du réseau « Carotte et autres Daucus ».

Characterization of Geographical and Meteorological Parameters

[EN]This chapter is devoted to the introduction of some geographical and meteorological information involved in the numerical modeling of wind fields and solar radiation. First, a brief description of the topographical data given by a Digital Elevation Model and Land Cover databases is provided. In particular, the Information System of Land Cover of Spain (SIOSE) is considered. The study is focused on the roughness length and the displacement height parameters that appear in the logarithmic wind profile, as well as in the albedo related to solar radiation computation. An extended literature review and characterization of both parameters are reported. Next, the concept of atmospheric stability is introduced from the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory to the recent revision of Zilitinkevich of the Neutral and Stable Boundary Layers (SBL). The latter considers the effect of the free-flow static stability and baroclinicity on the turbulent transport of momentum and of the Convective Boundary Layers (CBL), more precisely, the scalars in the boundary layer, as well as the model of turbulent entrainment

Medical treatment of renal cancer: new horizons.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) makes up 2-3% of adult cancers. The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors in the mid-2000s radically changed the management of RCC. These targeted treatments superseded immunotherapy with interleukin-2 and interferon. The pendulum now appears to be shifting back towards immunotherapy, with the evidence of prolonged overall survival of patients with metastatic RCC on treatment with the anti-programmed cell death 1 ligand monoclonal antibody, nivolumab. Clinical prognostic criteria aid prediction of relapse risk for resected localised disease. Unfortunately, for patients at high risk of relapse, no adjuvant treatment has yet shown benefit, although further trials are yet to report. Clinical prognostic models also have a role in the management of advanced disease; now there is a pressing need for predictive biomarkers to direct therapy. Treatment selection for metastatic disease is currently based on histology, prognostic group and patient preference based on side effect profile. In this article, we review the current medical and surgical management of localised, oligometastatic and advanced RCC, including side effect management and the evidence base for management of poor-risk and non-clear cell disease. We discuss recent results from clinical trials and how these are likely to shape future practice and a renaissance of immunotherapy for renal cell cancer

Matching an oscillator model to a phase response curve

The Phase Response Curve (PRC) has proven a useful tool for the reduction of complex oscillator models. It is also an information often experimentally available to the biologist. This paper introduces a numerical tool based on the sensitivity analysis of the PRC to adapt initial model parameters in order to match a particular PRC shape. We illustrate the approach on a simple biochemical model of circadian oscillator. © 2011 IEEE

Sensitivity analysis of circadian entrainment in the space of phase response curves

Sensitivity analysis is a classical and fundamental tool to evaluate the role of a given parameter in a given system characteristic. Because the phase response curve is a fundamental input-output characteristic of oscillators, we developed a sensitivity analysis for oscillator models in the space of phase response curves. The proposed tool can be applied to high-dimensional oscillator models without facing the curse of dimensionality obstacle associated with numerical exploration of the parameter space. Application of this tool to a state-of-the-art model of circadian rhythms suggests that it can be useful and instrumental to biological investigations

Controlling the phase of an oscillator: A phase response curve approach

The paper discusses elementary control strategies to control the phase of an oscillator. Both feedforward and feedback (P and PI) control laws are designed based on the phase response curve (PRC) calculated from the linearized model. The performance is evaluated on a popular model of circadian oscillations. ©2009 IEEE

Co construire des scénarios d'enseignement de l'anglais innovants à l'école primaire. Perspective d'évaluation écologique d'un projet collaboratifchercheurs enseignants cadres académiques. ADMEE 2022. Nov, 2022, Montréal, Canada.

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