Studi Water Balance Air Tanah di Kecamatan Kejayan, Kabupaten Pasuruan, Provinsi Jawa Timur

Kebutuhan air yang meningkat menyebabkan orang yang menggunakan air sungai sebagai air baku beralih menggunakan air tanah yang mudah didapat dan dengan kualitasnya yang lebih baik, sehingga banyak dilakukan penggalian atau pengeboran sumur. Banyaknya penggunaan air tanah membuat muka air tanah menjadi semakin dalam dan timbul beberapa masalah akibat penyalahgunaan air tanah pada wilayah Kabupaten Pasuruan.Pada Kecamatan Kejayan cenderung didominasi oleh kawasan industri serta permukiman yang mayoritas menggunakan air tanah dalam produksinya.Oleh karena itu, tugas akhir ini akan meneliti potensi air tanah baik untuk mengidentifikasi air yang masuk (in) dan air yang keluar (out) di Kecamatan Kejayan,Kabupaten Pasuruan, Provinsi Jawa Timur dan mengevaluasi keseimbangan air tanah dengan menggunakan metode neraca air menurut metode Thornthwaite & Mather serta Metode Ffolliot.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa setiap tahunnya nilai hasil perhitungan neraca air tidak mengalami defisit hingga tahun 2023. Serta melakukan upaya untuk menjaga kuantitas air secara terpadu pada wilayah tangkapan air atau sungai pada wilayah penelitian

Pengaruh Corporate Governance terhadap Praktik Manajemen Laba (Studi pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bei pada Tahun 2010-2012)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of corporate governance on the earnings management. Indicators used to measure corporate governance mechanisms in this study is the managerial ownership,institusional ownership, audit quality, and meeting frequency of audit comittee. While, earning management as the dependent variable was measured using a cash flow statement approach. This study uses secondary data with entire population of manufacturing companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2010-2012. The method used to determine the sample using purposive sampling. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression, regression testing prior to first tested the classical assumptions.The results of hypothesis testing showed that the managerial ownership did not significantly affect earnings management .Other result, institusional ownership and audit quality showed negatively affects the earning management. While, the frequency of meetings of audit comittee showwed positively effect on earnings management

Konsep Permakultur Di Kawasan Pantai Sine Tulungagung Studi Kasus: Penerapan Konsep Permakultur Pada Konsep Desain Eco-resort

Pengembangan tempat wisata saat ini banyak dilakukan karena minat wisatawan yang tinggi sepanjang tahun terutama wisata alam berbasis sosio-ekologi dengan iklim tropis. Meningkatnya minat masyarakat Kabupaten Tulungagung terhadap tempat wisata, juga berdasarkan kenaikan populasi penduduk dengan kenaikan 1,1% per tahunnya. Kebutuhan masyarakat akan lahan untuk lahan huni dan lahan wisata, akan dapat menggeser lahan pangan (sawah) untuk beralih fungsi menjadi lahan huni atau lahan komersil seperti lahan wisata. Maka, perlu adanya konsep wisata yang bijak untuk menyikapi permasalahan tersebut apabila lahan wisata yang digunakan merupakan lahan pangan yang beralih fungsi. Ruang lingkup studi untuk konsep tempat wisata berdasarkan bidang sosio-ekologi, terdapat di kawasan Pantai Sine. Kawasan Pantai Sine memiliki potensi wisata yang menjanjikan dengan potensi alam dan budayanya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode analisis dan deskriptif dengan memahami fenomena dan etnografi melalui gambaran holistic atau visual culture. Diikuti dengan observasi langsung pada lingkungan kawasan tapak studi. Penerapan konsep permakultur menjadi dasar media untuk mengintregasikan potensi lokal dengan eco-resort atau tempat wisata. Sehingga wisata berbasis sosio-ekologi akan dapat menghasilkan pangan yang digunakan untuk masyarakat lokal maupun wisatawan

Political Efficacy and Community Well-being of the Residents in Davao City, Philippines

Recently, community well-being had been the new trend in identifying good governance and progress of certain areas. It can be affected by different factors and highly reflects not only well-being of the people living in the community but also the performance of the local government unit in the area as perceived by the citizens. The research trust of this study was to determine the level of political efficacy and community well-being of the residents in Davao City, Philippines. Using descriptive correlational method, results of the study revealed a high level of political efficacy contributed by internal and external efficacy of the residents. While the other findings of the study revealed high level of community well-being with respect to healthy, safe and inclusive community; culturally rich and vibrant community; dynamic resilient community; and sustainable and democratic environment. Also, the study further revealed a significant relationship between political efficacy and community well-being which implies that the feeling of an individual towards his or her political action affects the political system and the perception of the living conditions of the residents in the area

Platelet P-selectin triggers rapid surface exposure of tissue factor in monocytes

Abstract: Tissue factor (TF) plays a central role in haemostasis and thrombosis. Following vascular damage, vessel wall TF initiates the extrinsic coagulation cascade. TF can also be exposed by monocytes. Inflammatory or infectious stimuli trigger synthesis of new TF protein by monocytes over the course of hours. It has also been suggested that monocytes can expose TF within minutes when stimulated by activated platelets. Here, we have confirmed that monocytes rapidly expose TF in whole blood and further demonstrate that platelet P-selectin exposure is necessary and sufficient. Monocyte TF exposure increased within five minutes in response to platelet activation by PAR1-AP, PAR4-AP or CRP-XL. PAR1-AP did not trigger TF exposure on isolated monocytes unless platelets were also present. In whole blood, PAR1-AP-triggered TF exposure required P-selectin and PGSL-1. In isolated monocytes, although soluble recombinant P-selectin had no effect, P-selectin coupled to 2 µm beads triggered TF exposure. Cycloheximide did not affect rapid TF exposure, indicating that de novo protein synthesis was not required. These data show that P-selectin on activated platelets rapidly triggers TF exposure on monocytes. This may represent a mechanism by which platelets and monocytes rapidly contribute to intravascular coagulation

Health-related quality of life and associated factors in adults living with HIV in Rwanda

In Rwanda, as in other sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLWH) has increased dramatically as a result of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). People living with HIV can now live longer but with increasing rates of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Thus, prevention of NCD comorbidities in PWLHI is crucial to maintain and gain health-related benefits and to maximise the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in the long-term management of PLWH. This study determines the association between physical and mental health-related dimensions of quality of life (QOL) with behavioural and biological risk factors, after controlling socio-demographic and HIV-related factors in adults living with HIV in Rwand

The adipose tissue production of adiponectin is increased in end-stage renal disease.

Adiponectin has antidiabetic properties, and patients with obesity, diabetes, and insulin resistance have low plasma adiponectin levels. However, although kidney disease is associated with insulin resistance, adiponectin is elevated in end-stage renal disease. Here we determine whether adipose tissue production of adiponectin is increased in renal disease in a case-control study of 36 patients with end-stage renal disease and 23 kidney donors. Blood and tissue samples were obtained at kidney transplantation and donation. The mean plasma adiponectin level was significantly increased to 15.6 mg/ml in cases compared with 8.4 mg/ml in controls. Plasma levels of the inflammatory adipokines tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were significantly higher in cases compared with controls. Adiponectin mRNA and protein expression in visceral and subcutaneous fat were significantly higher in cases than controls, while adiponectin receptor-1 mRNA expression was significantly increased in peripheral blood cells, muscle, and adipose tissue in cases compared with controls. Thus, our study suggests that adipose tissue production of adiponectin contributes to the high plasma levels seen in end-stage renal disease

The biosocial event : responding to innovation in the life sciences

Innovation in the life sciences calls for reflection on how sociologies separate and relate life processes and social processes. To this end we introduce the concept of the ‘biosocial event’. Some life processes and social processes have more mutual relevance than others. Some of these relationships are more negotiable than others. We show that levels of relevance and negotiability are not static but can change within existing relationships. Such changes, or biosocial events, lie at the heart of much unplanned biosocial novelty and much deliberate innovation. We illustrate and explore the concept through two examples – meningitis infection and epidemic, and the use of sonic ‘teen deterrents’ in urban settings. We then consider its value in developing sociological practice oriented to critically constructive engagement with innovation in the life sciences

Monitoring prevention or emergence of HIV drug resistance: results of a population-based foundational survey of early warning indicators in mainland Tanzania

BACKGROUND: In Tanzania, routine individual-level testing for HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) using laboratory genotyping and phenotyping is not feasible due to resource constraints. To monitor the prevention or emergence of HIVDR at a population level, WHO developed generic strategies to be adapted by countries, which include a set of early warning indicators (EWIs). METHODS: To establish a baseline of EWIs, we conducted a retrospective longitudinal survey of 35 purposively sampled care and treatment clinics in 17 regions of mainland Tanzania. We extracted data relevant for four EWIs (ART prescribing practices, patients lost to follow-up 12 months after ART initiation, retention on first-line ART at 12 months, and ART clinic appointment keeping in the first 12 months) from the patient monitoring system on patients who initiated ART at each respective facility in 2010. We uploaded patient information into WHO HIVResNet excel-based tool to compute national and facility averages of the EWIs and tested for associations between various programmatic factors and EWI performance using Fisher’s Exact Test. RESULTS: All sampled facilities met the WHO EWI target (100%) for ART prescribing practices. However, the national averages for patients lost to follow-up 12 months after ART initiation, retention on first-line ART at 12 months, and ART clinic appointment keeping in the first 12 months fell short, at 26%, 54% and 38%, respectively, compared to the WHO targets ≤ 20%, ≥ 70%, and ≥ 80%. Clinics with fewer patients lost to follow-up 12 months after ART initiation and more patients retained on first-line-ART at 12 months were more likely to have their patients spend the longest time in the facility (including wait-time and time with providers), (p = 0.011 and 0.007, respectively). CONCLUSION: Tanzania performed very well in EWI 1a, ART prescribing practices. However, its performance in other three EWIs was far below the WHO targets. This study provides a baseline for future monitoring of EWIs in Tanzania and highlights areas for improvement in the management of ART patients in order not only to prevent emergence of HIVDR due to programmatic factors, but also to improve the quality of life for ART patients

Impact of Scotland’s comprehensive, smoke-free legislation on stroke

<p>Background: Previous studies have reported a reduction in acute coronary events following smoke-free legislation. Evidence is lacking on whether stroke is also reduced. The aim was to determine whether the incidence of stroke, overalland by sub-type, fell following introduction of smoke-free legislation across Scotland on 26 March 2006.</p> <p>Methods and Findings: A negative binomial regression model was used to determine whether the introduction of smokefree legislation resulted in a step and/or slope change in stroke incidence. The model was adjusted for age-group, sex, socioeconomic deprivation quintile, urban/rural residence and month. Interaction tests were also performed. Routine hospital administrative data and death certificates were used to identify all hospital admissions and pre-hospital deaths due to stroke (ICD10 codes I61, I63 and I64) in Scotland between 2000 and 2010 inclusive. Prior to the legislation, rates of all stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage and unspecified stroke were decreasing, whilst cerebral infarction was increasing at 0.97% per annum. Following the legislation, there was a dramatic fall in cerebral infarctions that persisted for around 20 months. No visible effect was observed for other types of stroke. The model confirmed an 8.90% (95% CI 4.85, 12.77, p,0.001) stepwise reduction in cerebral infarction at the time the legislation was implemented, after adjustment for potential cofounders.</p> <p>Conclusions: Following introduction of national, comprehensive smoke-free legislation there was a selective reduction in cerebral infarction that was not apparent in other types of stroke.</p&gt