New constraints on the Middle Palaeozoic to Cenozoic burial and thermal history of the Holy Cross Mts. (Central Poland): results from numerical modelling

A 1-D burial-thermal modelling was performed using data from two borehole sections representative of the central part of the Holy Cross Mts. area. This area is located in the axial part of the Permian-Mesozoic Mid-Polish Trough that was inverted during the latest Cretaceous-Paleocene. The modelling involved different variants of restored stratigraphy of eroded Carboniferous to Cretaceous strata, whereas calibration was based on samples from cored Middle-Upper Devonian sediments. The modelling results are consistent with the assumption of a Variscan (Carboniferous-Early Permian) heat flow elevated up to 80 mWm-2, which is further confirmed by independent regional evidence. The zone of increased thermal maturity in the Devonian may be partly accounted for by a thicker Carboniferous section (by ca. 500 m) compared to previous estimates. Two variants of the post-Carboniferous geohistory were analysed. The variant of a thinner Permian-Mesozoic section, implying lower magnitude of the Late Cretaceous-Paleogene inversion, allows more realistic assumptions regarding heat flow distribution through time, including the possibility to incorporate an elevated Variscan heat flow. The alternative scenario, assuming deeper burial, generally lower heat flow and smaller Carboniferous thickness, is regarded as less probable. The accepted variant of the Permian-Mesozoic burial history implies that the total post-Carboniferous burial in the study area was on the order of 2000-2500 metres rather than 3000-3500 metres. The respective Upper Cretaceous thickness could have been 400 to 500 m instead of ca. 1000 m, whereas the Late Cretaceous-Paleogene inversion more likely started in the Santonian than in the late Maastrichtian. Consequently, the preferred magnitude of total inversion was on the order of 2500 m

Cooperative Learning Approach to Delivering Professional Modules to Bachelor and Master Students: TPU Experience

Modern tendencies in engineering education set certain requirements on the competences to be obtained. To enable a future engineer to work at a highly competitive level and become an internationally recognized specialist, they must possess advanced English speaking and writing skills. At present most universities introduce educational programs that attract bright domestic and international students to ensure that they are in demand at the global market. The Strategic Program on Competitiveness Enhancement of National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University proposes that modules of professional training should be developed and delivered in English as a language of instruction so that the quality of teaching could be raised. To develop their own approaches to teaching, improve their language proficiency and develop courses and their elements in English, TPU teachers are to meet these challenging requirements and design course documentation and teaching aids, and engage modern teaching approaches in order to ensure high quality work with student groups which are often mixed in their abilities in both professional subjects and language proficiency levels. This paper addresses the course "Professional Training in English" which was developed upon completion of the joint program of TPU and the University of Southampton "Delivering through the Medium of English" and has successfully been delivered to bachelor students with the major "Oil and Gas Engineering" using the cooperative learning approach. The cooperative learning approach has proved to be one of the most successful in terms of teaching professional English to groups of students with mixed abilities

Depositional environment and source rock potential of Cenomanian and Turonian sedimentary rocks of the Tarfaya Basin, Southwest Morocco

Detailed organic and inorganic geochemical analyses were used to assess the depositional environment and source rock potential of the Cenomanian and Turonian oil shale deposits in the Tarfaya Basin. This study is based on core samples from the Tarfaya Sondage-4 well that penetrated over 300m of Mid Cretaceous organic matter-rich deposits. A total of 242 samples were analyzed for total organic and inorganic carbon and selected samples for total sulfur and major elements as well as for organic petrology, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, Curie-Point-pyrolysis-gaschromatography-Mass-Spectrometry and molecular geochemistry of solvent extracts. Based on major elements the lower Cenomanian differs from the other intervals by higher silicate and lower carbonate contents. Moreover, the molecular geochemistry suggests anoxic bottom marine water conditions during the Cenomanian-Turonian Boundary Event (CTBE; Oceanic Anoxic Event 2: OAE2). As a proxy for the Sorg/Corg ratio, the ratio total thiophenes/total benzenes compounds was calculated from pyrolysate compositions. The results suggest that Sorg/ Corg is low in the lower Cenomanian, moderate in the upper Cenomanian, very high in the CTBE (CenomanianTuronian Boundary Event) and high in the Turonian samples. Rock-Eval data reveal that the lower Cenomanian is a moderately organic carbon-rich source rock with good potential to generate oil and gas upon thermal maturation. On the other hand, the samples from the upper Cenomanian to Turonian exhibit higher organic carbon content and can be classified as oil-prone source rocks. Based on Tmax data, all rocks are thermally immature. The microscopic investigations suggest dominance of submicroscopic organic matter in all samples and different contents of bituminite and alginite. The lower Cenomanian samples have little visible organic matter and no bituminite. The upper Cenomanian and CTBE samples are poor in bituminite and have rare visible organic matter, whereas the Turonian samples change from bituminite-fair to bituminite-rich and to higher percentages of visible organic matter towards the younger interval. These differences in the organic matter type are attributed to i) early diagenetic kerogen sulfurization and ii) the upwelling depositional environment. Moreover, kerogen sulfurization was controlled by the relationship between carbonate, iron and sulfur as well as the organic matter. Thus, the organic carbon-rich deposits can be grouped into: i) low Sorg and moderately organic matter-rich oil prone source rocks, ii) moderate Sorg and organic-carbon-rich oil prone source rocks, iii) high Sorg and organic carbon-rich oil prone source rocks and iv) very high Sorg and organic carbon-rich oil prone source rocks, the latter representing the CTBE interval. Types 2 to 4 will generate sulfur-rich petroleum upon maturation or artificial oil shale retorting. This integrated organic and inorganic approach sheds light on the various processes leading to the development of the world-class oil shales deposited through the Cenomanian to Turonian. In addition, this study shows how the changes in the depositional environment might have controlled kerogen sulfurization and organic matter preservation and structure. This detailed approach provides a better understanding on source rock development during the Cenomanian to Turonian in a global context, as many of the geochemical features were identified worldwide for deposits related to OAE2

Depositional environment and source rock potential of Cenomanian and Turonian sedimentary rocks of the Tarfaya Basin, Southwest Morocco

Detailed organic and inorganic geochemical analyses were used to assess the depositional environment and source rock potential of the Upper Albian to Turonian oil shale deposits in the Tarfaya Basin. This study is based on core samples from the Tarfaya Sondage-4 well that penetrated over 300m of Mid Cretaceous organic matter-rich deposits. A total of 242 samples were analyzed for total organic and inorganic carbon and selected samples for total sulfur and major elements as well as for organic petrology, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, Curie-Point-pyrolysis-gas-chromatography-Mass-Spectrometry and molecular geochemistry of solvent extracts. Based on major elements the Albian and Lower Cenomanian differ from the other intervals by higher silicate and lower carbonate contents. Moreover, the molecular geochemistry suggests marine anoxic bottom water conditions during the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event (CTBE; oceanic anoxic event 2: OAE2). As a proxy for the Sorg/Corg ratio, the ratio total thiophenes/total benzenes compounds was calculated from pyrolysate compositions. The results suggest that Sorg/Corg is low in the Albian, moderate in the Cenomanian, very high in the CTBE and high in the Turonian samples.  Rock-Eval data reveal that the Albian is a moderately organic carbon-rich source rock with good potential to generate oil and gas upon thermal maturation. On the other hand, the samples from the Cenomanian to the Turonian exhibit higher organic carbon contents and can be classified as oil-prone source rocks. Based on Tmax data, all rocks are thermally immature.The microscopic investigations suggest dominance of submicroscopic organic matter in all samples and different contents of bituminite and alginite. The Albian samples have little visible organic matter and no bituminite. The Cenomanian and CTBE samples are poor in bituminite and have rare visible organic matter, whereas the Turonian samples change from bituminite-fair to bituminite-rich and to higher percentages of visible organic matter towards the younger interval. These differences in the organic matter type are attributed to 1) early diagenetic kerogen sulfurization and 2) the upwelling depositional environment. Moreover, kerogen sulfurization was controlled by the relationship between carbonate, iron and sulfur as well as the organic matter. Thus, the organic carbon-rich deposits can be grouped into: 1) low Sorg and moderately organic matter-rich oil prone source rocks, 2) moderate Sorg and organic-carbon-rich oil prone source rocks, 3) high Sorg and organic carbon-rich oil prone source rocks and 4) very high Sorg and organic carbon-rich oil prone source rocks, the latter being represented by the CTBE. Types 2 to 4 will generate sulfur-rich petroleum upon maturation or artificial oil shale retorting

Опыт участия в международном летнем кампусе РАНХиГС 2017

Extraordinarily well-preserved chitinozoans from an Upper Silurian sedimentary sequence in south-east Turkey were recovered from different depth levels, hand-picked from the palynological residue, cleaned and analysed by micro-FTIR and Curie point pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Hand-picked chitinozoans were predominantly represented by the genera Bursachitina, Calpichitina, Cingulochitina, Ancyrochitina, Angochitina and Pterochitina. Both spectroscopic and pyrolytic investigations suggest that biogeomacromolecules of these Chitinozoa consist of both aliphatic and aromatic moieties. The micro-FTIR spectra of Chitinozoa are characterized by aliphatic CH, (3000-2800 and 1460-1450 cm(-1)) and CH3 (1375 cm(-1)) absorptions and aromatic C = C (1560-1610 cm(-1)) and CH (3050 cm(-1) and 700-900 cm(-1)) absorptions. Major pyrolysis products from the Chitinozoa include both aromatic compounds such as alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, alkylphenols and alkylphenanthrenes and aliphatic hydrocarbons including a homologous series of n-alkene/n-alkane doublets. Aromatic compounds predominate over aliphatic compounds. 1,2,3,4-Tetramethylbenzene is the most abundant pyrolysis product of the studied Chitinozoa. No pyrolysis products diagnostic of chitin were detected in the present study and it is unlikely that the original biomacromolecules of Chitinozoa prior to fossilization were made of chitin. (c) 200

Influence of Fires, Fungi and Mountain Pine Beetles on Development of a Lodgepole Pine Forest in South-Central Oregon

Virtually pure lodgepole pine stands form an edaphic climax community over large areas of the infertile pumice plateau of south-central Oregon. During our ongoing studies on the dynamics of these forest we developed the scenario that periodic fires create fungal infection courts in damaged roots; in time, advanced decay develops in the butts and stems of these trees. The mountain pine beetle preferentially selects and kills these trees during the flight season. As these outbreaks develop, additional uninfected trees are attacked. In time, the stage is set for subsequent fires as needles drop, snags fall, and logs decay

Pockets of Proterozoic hydrocarbons and implications for the Archaean

Precambrian biomarkers convey invaluable information about the early evolution of life, ancient ecosystems, redox conditions, climate and depositional environment and prospective petroleum systems. They are however thermally unstable, easily obliterated by contamination and thus extremely difficult to find. This is particularly true if conditions favourable for biomarker preservation had to prevail for more than 2.5 billion years – the prerequisite for finding Archaean biomarkers. Many organic geochemists abandoned this hope after original discoveries of Archaean biomarkers proved to be of younger origin [1,2] but our study of ca. 550-825 Ma old sediments from the Centralian Superbasin now shows that biomarkers can be preserved in distinctive pockets in seemingly barren areas, even if sections are metamorphosed in parts. Most Centralian sections seem empty. Yet, eventually we identified intervals with preserved biomarkers in three drill cores. A detailed investigation of 825 Ma sediments in drill core Mt Charlotte-1 revealed maturity variations that are most likely due to hydrothermal influence and in turn control the hydrocarbon preservation. Sediments might appear metamorphosed after localized, subtle alteration by hydrothermal fluids but protected intervals can still contain biomarkers. The same might be true for Archaean sediments and we might still find those protected intervals with indigenous biomarkers that allow us to glimpse the early life on earth

Разработка системы мероприятий по совершенствованию организационной культуры компании ООО «Парус-Томск»

Актуальность проблемы формирования организационной культуры одна из весомых в компании, так как от четкой структуры организационной культуры зависит не только благоприятное существование в организации, повышение профессионализма и творчества сотрудников, но и конечный результат деятельности компании. Объектом исследования является компания ООО «Парус – Томск». Предметом исследования является организационная культура в компании ООО «Парус – Томск. Цель ВКР - состоит в практической разработке по совершенствованию организационной культуры в компании ООО «Парус – Томск». Практическая значимость работы заключается в основных положениях и выводах исследования доведенных до уровня конкретных предложений и рекомендаций для компании. В первой главе рассматривается сущность организационной культуры, понятие «организационная культура», структура, динамика, функции и типы организационной культуры. Во второй главе приводится общая характеристика компании, исследуется бытующая культура, определяется ее желаемое состояние и проводится разработка по совершенствованию организационной культуры в компании ООО «Парус – Томск». Методы: эмпирические методы, анкетирование, теоретические методы, анализ литературы. Новизна и практическая значимость работы: Новизна данной работы состоит в том, что в результате проделанной работы были найдены практические подходы в разработке совершенствования культуры. Практическая значимость дипломной работы заключается в возможности реального использования предложенных инструментов для компании ООО «Парус – Томск».The problem of forming of organizational culture one of the most significant in the company, because of the clear structure of the organizational culture depends not only favorable existence in the organization, improving the professionalism and creativity of employees, but the final result of the activities of the company. The object of research is the company "Parus – Tomsk". The subject of research is organizational culture in the company "Sail – Tomsk. The purpose of the WRC is a practical design to improve the organizational culture of the company OOO "Parus – Tomsk". The practical significance of the work lies in the substantive provisions and conclusions of the study brought to the level of specific proposals and recommendations for the company. The first Chapter examines the nature of organizational culture, "organizational culture," structure, dynamics, functions and types of organizational culture. The second Chapter provides a General description of the company, examines the prevailing culture is determined by its desired state, and development is performed to improve the organizational culture of the company OOO "Parus – Tomsk". Methods: empirical methods, survey, theoretical methods, analysis of the literature. The novelty and practical significance of the work: the Novelty of this work lies in the fact that the result of this work have been found practical approaches in developing the improvement culture. The practical significance of the thesis lies in the possibility of real use of the proposed tools for the company OOO "Parus – Tomsk"