LSS-3 leadership scale adaptation in soccer

Dadas las características teóricas y empíricas del Modelo Multidimensional de Liderazgo de Chelladurai, el presente trabajo de investigación tiene por objetivo adaptar la escala de Liderazgo al deporte del Fútbol (versión percepción de los propios entrenadores; LSS-3) en castellano, analizando sus propiedades psicométricas y el grado de congruencia y divergencia hallado en estudios precedentes. La adaptación se ha realizado a partir de la escala de Crespo, Balaguer y Atienza (1994) en el deporte del tenis. Los resultados muestran como no se mantiene la estructura factorial de cinco factores propuesta por Chelladurai y Saleh (1980), si bien se obtiene de forma significativa un importante grado de estabilidad factorial en las dimensiones Entrenamiento e Instrucción, Feedback Positivo y Conducta Autocrática. Asimismo, se obtienen valores adecuados de consistencia interna en todas las escalas, a excepción de Conducta Democrática y Conducta Autocrática. Por último, se discuten las implicaciones prácticas y de investigación de esta escala para el fútbolGiven the theoretical and empirical characteristics of the Multidimensional Model of Leadership Chelladurai, this research aims to adapt the level of leadership to football soccer (version perception of their own coaches, LSS-3) in Spanish, analyzing its psychometric properties and the degree of congruence and divergence in previous studies. The adjustment has been made taking the scale of Crespo, Balaguer and Atienza (1994) point of departure in tennis. The results show how the factor structure of five factors proposed by Chelladurai and Saleh (1980) is not kept, although one gets a significantly high degree of stability factor in the following dimensions: Training and Instruction, Positive Feedback and Autocratic Behavior. Except for Conduct Democratic and Autocratic Conduct, good internal consistency values on all scales are also obtained. Finally, we address the practical implications and research of this scale on football socce

A cross-cultural re-evaluation of the Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) in five countries

Research into the detrimental effects of excessive exercise has been conceptualized in a number of similar ways, including ‘exercise addiction’ , ‘exercise dependence’ , ‘obligatory exercising’, ‘exercise abuse’, and ‘compulsive exercise’. Among the most currently used (and psychometrically valid and reliable) instruments is the Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI). The present study aimed to further explore the psychometric properties of the EAI by combining the datasets of a number of surveys carried out in five different countries (Denmark, Hungary, Spain, UK, and US) that have used the EAI with a total sample size of 6,031 participants. A series of multigroup confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were carried out examining configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance. The CFAs using the combined dataset supported the configural invariance and metric invariance but not scalar invariance. Therefore, EAI factor scores from five countries are not comparable because the use or interpretation of the scale was different in the five nations. However, the covariates of exercise addiction can be studied from a cross-cultural perspective because of the metric invariance of the scale. Gender differences among exercisers in the interpretation of the scale also emerged. The implications of the results are discussed, and it is concluded that the study’s findings will facilitate a more robust and reliable use of the EAI in future research

WASTE TREATMENT FACILITY LOCATION FOR HOTEL CHAINS

Tourism generates huge amounts of waste. About half of the waste generated by hotels is food and garden bio-waste. This bio-waste can be used to make compost and pellets. In turn, pellets can be used as an absorbent material in composters and as an energy source. We consider the problem of locating composting and pellet-making facilities so that the bio-waste generated by a chain of hotels can be managed at or close to the generation points. An optimization model is applied to locate the facilities and allocate the waste and products, and several scenarios are analysed. The study shows that, depending on the transportation, treatment waste and production management costs, the installation of facilities is profitable for the hotel chain

Analysis and evaluation of levels of awareness and understanding of fooball tactics by a game board

El siguiente estudio aborda la relación existente entre el plano de acción y el plano de representación de los sujetos, a través del papel que proporcionan los procesos de comprensión y toma de conciencia que suceden en el interior del individuo cuando se enfrenta a situaciones de juego que demanda un deporte no lineal, con características sumamente abiertas, como es el fútbol. El objetivo que pretendemos es analizar y evaluar la toma de conciencia y comprensión táctica del jugador infantil de fútbol base, desde la perspectiva funcional-estructural. Para ello, se ha utilizado un juego de tablero simulador de fútbol, diseñado a partir de la reglamentación básica que rige este deporte. La muestra utilizada está compuesta por ocho sujetos varones de categoría infantil, divididos en dos niveles de pericia: alto y bajo. Por tanto, se trata de un análisis centrado en el jugador (Garganta, 2001). Los ítems utilizados para realizar este análisis de la comprensión táctica de los jugadores se pueden categorizar siguiendo los principios tácticos de juego en fútbol que detalla Claude Bayer (1987). A su vez, los contenidos tácticos que se detallan en los ítems, se clasifican en aspectos tácticos de tipo individual -ofensivo y defensivo-, grupal -ofensivo y defensivo- y colectivo -ofensivo y defensivo-, siguiendo las clasificaciones propuestas por Fradua (1997), Garganta y Pinto (1997), Sánchez y Fradua (2001).The following study addresses the relationship between the level of action and the level of representation of the subject, through the paper that provide the processes of understanding and awareness that occur within the individual when confronted with game situations sport demands a nonlinear, with features very open, like football. The objective we intend to analyze and evaluate the awareness and tactical understanding of children's football player base, from the structural-functional perspective. For this, we used a board game football simulator, designed from the basic regulations governing the sport. The sample is composed of eight junior class male subjects, divided into two skill levels: high and low. Therefore, an analysis is centered on the player (throat, 2001). The items used for this analysis of tactical understanding of the players can be categorized according to the principles of tactical football game detailing Claude Bayer (1987). In turn, the contents listed in tactical items are classified in tactical aspects of individual type-offensive and defensive-, group-offensive and defensive-and collectiveoffensive and defensive-, following the classification proposed by Fradua (1997 ), Throat and Pinto (1997), Sanchez and Fradua (2001)

Obsessive and harmonious passion in physically active Spanish and Hungarian men and women: a brief report on cultural and gender differences

Increased research on passion in physical activity calls for direct examination of possible mediating variables that could influence the research outcome. The present study using a two by-two (nation by gender) between-participants design, examined whether gender and/or cultural differences in obsessive- and harmonious passion were present in Spanish and Hungarian physically active individuals. Participants (n=1,002) completed the Passion Scale, reported their gender, age, and weekly hours of physical activity. Multivariate analysis of covariance revealed that the experiencing of physical activity-related obsessive- and harmonious passion differed between the two countries and Hungarian women scored significantly higher on harmonious and obsessive passion than Spanish women. However, Hungarian men only scored significantly higher on obsessive passion, but not harmonious passion compared to Spanish men. These results suggest that the moderating role of gender and cultural differences should be addressed more carefully in conducting and interpreting results of research concerned with passion in physical activity

Gomphrena colosacana Hunz. & Subils var. colosacana

Tama, La Ventana, Lomas de ColosacánpublishedVersio