A Dystopic or Utopic Future?

de Castro Neto, M., & de Melo Cartaxo, T. (2021). Algorithmic Cities: A Dystopic or Utopic Future? In M. I. A. Ferreira (Ed.), How Smart Is Your City?: Technological Innovation, Ethics and Inclusiveness (Vol. 98, pp. 59-73). (Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering; Vol. 98). Springer Science and Business Media B.V.. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56926-6_6Cities of today face a digital transformation process, leading to a new reality where urban space is taking advantage of information and communication technologies and data science to answer present and future challenges, namely to become more efficient in services and infrastructures management in order to deliver increased quality of life to the people who live, work or visit the city, and addressing at the same time the problems of climate change. This new reality is leveraged by big data produced by the cities Internet of everything (as interconnected systems, sensors and people), information management and data science capabilities, which allow us to measure and describe what happens, predict what can happen, and prescribe what could be the course of actions bringing policy making to a fact-based environment, which had never been possible before. In this work, we will address the opportunities and challenges of this paradigm shift that is leading to the city as a platform reality that supports what we can call the algorithmic city where it is up to us to decide if this will be a dystopic or utopic future for the citizen.authorsversionpublishe

Clustering methods comparison: application to source based detection of botclouds

International audienc

A Smart City Ecosystem Enabling Open Innovation

In this position paper we present IT-centered challenges that lie in designing an architecture for a flexible, open, transferable, and replicable smart city ecosystem spanning a plethora of suppliers and systems. The background is the smart city and energy project +CityxChange. Its vision is to enable the co-creation and development of Positive Energy Blocks in smart sustainable cities. It will include the development of a framework and supporting tools to enable a common energy market, supported by a connected community and city integration. It will explore influences of the energy transition into city operations and urban planning, the integration of e-Mobility as a Service (eMaaS) into positive energy communities, and the growth of local trading markets and new business models. Digitalization, open architectures, and open data need to support these processes for open urban innovation in the ICT-enabled city

La sécurité dans les systèmes de transports intelligents.

National audienc

Enabling Social- and Location-Aware IoT Applications in Smart Cities

In the last decade, governments, municipalities, and industries have invested large amounts of funds on research on smart cities with the main goal of developing services to improve people’s quality of life. Many proposals focus on a Cloud-centric network architecture in which all the data collected from a myriad of sensors devices is transferred to the Cloud for processing. However, this approach presents significant limitations when faced with the formidable traffic generated by the Internet of Things and with the need for low-latency services. The deployment of IoT devices in compact groups, connected to the smart city network infrastructure by relatively powerful “gateways”, opens the possibility to depart from the centralized architectures and move the computation closer to the data sources. To this end, this paper proposes SPF, a new middleware solution that supports IoT application and service development, deployment, and management. SPF runs IoT services on capable devices located at the edge of the network and proposes a programming model that enables to take advantage of decentralized computation resources in a seamless fashion. SPF also leverages an information dissemination solution designed for constrained network environments and adopts Value-of-Information based methods to prioritize transmission of essential information

The relationship between smart cities and the internet of things in low density regions

In these times of digital transformation, cities have overcome the challenges of the past and are building the future. The use of technological resources as a means of efficiently delivering various services and improving citizens’ quality of life has transformed regions and cities into smart regions and cities. There have been a remarkable amount of projects implemented by the Municipalities in the last years, taking the technologies to the cities. However, for a project to be interesting, it must have a positive impact on society, that is, citizens. This evidence gave rise to the present study whose goal was to find out if citizens living in inner cities, labeled as smart cities, actually consider them that way, and whether their city uses innovative solutions that optimize their daily lives. The results are discussed in the light of the literature and future work is identified with the aim of shedding some light on a field as emerging, promising and current as this of Intelligent Cities and the Internet of Things.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Towards a measuring framework for knowledge creation in smart cities

This article investigates the implications of general models of smart sustainable cities (SSC) on the indicators and measurement frameworks that we use to study them. We first investigate the mainstream theory of SSC and their corresponding measurement frameworks. From the analysis, we show that such frameworks do not address the dynamic behaviour of cities. We then explore knowledge based smart sustainable cities, as an alternative theory of SSC, and investigate the measurement frameworks derived from this theory. We show that, despite having a different approach, these measurement frameworks still depend on static indicators and promote static view of the city. We then conjecture that this is due to fussy definitions of knowledge and incomplete investigations of the implications of latest theories of knowledge over the structure and strategy of smart cities. Finally, we propose a set of premises and principles that will improve the theory of Knowledge based smart sustainable cities (KBSSC) and show how this new definition will affect the design of indicators and measurement frameworks in a KBSSC.Este artículo investiga las implicaciones de los modelos generales de ciudades inteligentes y sostenibles (CSS) en los indicadores y marcos de medición que utilizamos para estudiarlos. Primero investigamos la teoría dominante de la CSS y sus correspondientes marcos de medición. A partir del análisis, mostramos que tales marcos no abordan el comportamiento dinámico de las ciudades. A continuación, exploramos las ciudades inteligentes y sostenibles basadas en el conocimiento, como una teoría alternativa de la CSS, e investigamos los marcos de medición derivados de esta teoría. Mostramos que, a pesar de tener un enfoque diferente, estos marcos de medición aún dependen de indicadores estáticos y promueven una visión estática de la ciudad. Luego conjeturamos que esto se debe a definiciones exigentes de conocimiento e investigaciones incompletas de las implicaciones de las últimas teorías del conocimiento sobre la estructura y estrategia de las ciudades inteligentes. Finalmente, proponemos un conjunto de premisas y principios que mejorarán la teoría de las ciudades inteligentes sostenibles basadas en el conocimiento (KBSSC) y mostrar cómo esta nueva definición afectará el diseño de indicadores y marcos de medición en un KBSSC

People with Disabilities’ Needs in Urban Spaces as Challenges Towards a More Inclusive Smart City

International audienc

IoT security, privacy, safety and ethics

The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a revolution of the Internet which can connect nearly all environment devices over the Internet to share their data to create novel services and applications for improving our quality of life. Using cheap sensors, the IoT enables various devices and objects around us to be addressable, recognizable and locatable. Although the IoT brought infinite benefits, it creates several challenges, especially in security and privacy. Handling these issues and ensuring security and privacy for IoT products and services must be a fundamental priority. Users need to trust IoT devices and related services are secure. Moreover, the IoT safety must be considered to prevent the IoT system and its components from causing an unacceptable risk of injury or physical damage and at the same time considering social behaviour and ethical use of IoT technologies to enable effective security and safety. This chapter provides a discussion of IoT security, privacy, safety and ethics. It starts by providing an overview of the IoT system, its architecture and essential characteristics. This is followed by discussing IoT security challenges, requirements and best practices to protect IoT devices. The IoT privacy is also discussed by highlighting various IoT privacy threats and solutions to preserve the privacy of IoT devices. The IoT safety, ethics, the need for the ethical design and challenges encountered are also discussed. In the end, smart cities are introduced as a case study to investigate various security threats and suggested solutions to maintain a good security level in a smart city.N/