Preliminary estimates of tritium permeation and retention in the first wall of DEMO due to ion bombardment

Tritium self-sufficiency presents a critical engineering challenge for DEMO, requiring efficient breeding and extraction systems, as well as minimizing tritium losses to the surrounding systems, such as plasma-facing components, vacuum vessel, cooling system, etc. Structural and plasma-facing components will act as a tritium sink, as tritium will be accumulated in the bulk of these components due to energetic particle bombardment and may permeate out of the vacuum system. The design of the plasma-facing components will consequently directly influence the plant lifetime, operational safety and cost of any future power plant. Therefore, modeling of tritium retention and permeation in these components is required for the engineering designs of the tritium breeding and safety systems. In this work, the diffusion-transport code TESSIM-X is benchmarked against the well-established TMAP7 code and a comparison with a simplified DEMO-relevant test case is performed. The use of either code for modeling of DEMO conditions is discussed. Following this, TESSIM-X is used to provide a preliminary assessment of tritium permeation and retention in the DEMO first wall, based on the current WCLL (Water Cooled Lithium Lead) and HCPB (Helium Cooled Pebble Bed) breeding blanket designs

Synthesis and Characterization of Eu, Tb doped Y2SiO5 Phosphors

The structural and the optical properties of Terbium and Europium doped yttrium silicate phosphor particles were analyzed. The samples were prepared through solid state reaction method and investigated in a doping concentration of Tb(2%) and Eu(1.5%). The prepared phosphors are characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM.FTIR and PL emission of Y2SiO5 phosphor doped with Tb(2%) and Eu(1.5%) was studied. The observed PL emission is at 380 nm followed by the emissions with good intensity at 487, 545, 586, 613 and 622nm. The present phosphor may be a good candidate for LED

Extension service for prawn farming

The technology of prawn culture in India is still traditional and extensive called trapping-cum-holding in brackish water ponds, but adoption of Improved extensive prawn culture technology Is claimed to be picking up fast In several places notably In West Bengal, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and Orissa. The production from such culture practices is estimated at 15000-17000 tons/year, accounting for about 5% of the total prawn production In India the technology of scientific prawn culture is now available. Though steps are being taken to motivate, and encourage the fish farmers to take up prawn culture on scientific lines to increase their Income, lack of an appropriate extension network Is felt to be a major handicap In the field. This paper attempts to review the various extension services available for taking up prawn culture by the fish farmers. Identifies the pitfalls and proposes a working fisheries extension programme for prawn culture In Indi

Economic analysis of prawn culture in Andhra Pradesh - Some preliminary findings

Inadaquate supply of quality seed is one of the chief constraints that impedes the quick development of ptawn culture. Estuaries still remain the largest source of prawn seed supply. They are likely to remain so atleast for sometime in offing before the hatchery production of seeds is undertaken commercially and massively. The Marine Products Export development Authority assists the prawn farmers in setting up prawn seed banks by providing technical assistance on prawn culture, undertaking site selection and farm surveys, preparing project reports for submitting to the banks to get financial assistance, releasing subsidy to the tune of 16% on the capital cost of the project and providing continued technical assistance throughout the culture period. Already some prawn farmers have started establishing such prawn seed banks and supplying prawn seed commercially. This paper presents and discusses results of case studies on the economic feasibility of setting up prawn seed banks by fish farmers/prawn farmers

Status of brackishwater prawn farming in Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh is estimated to have 762.51 ha of brackishwater area under prawn culture- Prawn culture In brackishwater ponds as well as in paddy fields converted into prawn ponds is picking up fast In the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh, especially in East Godavari, Krishna and Guntur districts. There are more than 200 ha of brackishwater areas suitable for prawn culture in West Godavari district alone. IVIore and more are being brought under prawn farming in this district. Seml-lntensive culture technology is employed by the fish farmers. The average yield Is estimated at 450 kg/ha/crop. This paper presents and discusses the status of prawn culture in Andhra Pradesh, identifies the constraints and suggests strategies for bringing the abundantly available brackishwater areas under scientific prawn culture to Increase the yield from these ponds

Synthetic studies towards the nor-triterpene pfaffic acid: synthesis of DEF ring fragment via tandem radical cyclization rearrangement reactions

A tandem 5-exo-trig-vinyl-3-exo-radical cyclization-rearrangement reaction and its allylic radical version was developed (8 and 15 to 9 and 16 respectively) for the synthesis of DEF ring system of the nor-tritepene Pfaffic acid 1

Supercapacitors Based On Patronite-reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrids: Experimental And Theoretical Insights

Here we report the hydrothermal synthesis and detailed study on supercapacitor applications of a patronite hybrid, VS4/reduced graphene oxide, which showed an enhanced specific capacitance of similar to 877 F g(-1) at a current density of 0.5 A g(-1). In comparison to bare vanadium sulfide and reduced graphene oxide, the hybrid showed similar to 6 times and similar to 5 times higher value of specific capacitance, respectively. The obtained energy density (117 W h kg(-1)) and power density (20.65 kW kg(-1)) are comparable to those of other reported transition metal sulfides and their graphene hybrids. Theoretical calculations using density functional theory confirm an enhanced quantum capacitance of VS4/graphene composite systems, owing primarily to the shifting of the graphene Dirac cone relative to the band gap of VS4. The results infer that the hybrid has the potential to be used as a high performance supercapacitor electrode.3371887418881DST (Government of India)DST-SERB [SB/FTP/PS-065/2013]Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Ramanujan Fellowship [SR/S2/RJN-21/2012]Department of Science and Technology (DST-SERB), Govt. of India [SR/S1/IC-04/2012]Interconnect Focus Center (MARCO program)State of New YorkNational Science Foundation (NSF) Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) program [0333314]Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (IUSSTF) through a joint INDO-US centre grantMinistry of Human Resources Development (MHRD), India through a center of excellence gran

Comparative Analysis of Double-Stranded RNA Degradation and Processing in Insects

RNA interference (RNAi) based methods are being developed for pest management. A few products for control of coleopteran pests are expected to be commercialized soon. However, variability in RNAi efficiency among insects is preventing the widespread use of this technology. In this study, we conducted research to identify reasons for variability in RNAi efficiency among thirty-seven (37) insects belonging to five orders. Studies on double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) degradation by dsRNases and processing of labeled dsRNA to siRNA showed that both dsRNA degradation and processing are variable among insects belonging to different orders as well as among different insect species within the same order. We identified homologs of key RNAi genes in the genomes of some of these insects and studied their domain architecture. These data suggest that dsRNA digestion by dsRNases and its processing to siRNAs in the cells are among the major factors contributing to differential RNAi efficiency reported among insects

Three new species of braconidae from India

This article does not have an abstract

Kinetics of Oxidation of Methyl Orange & Methyl Red by V(V)*

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