1,327 research outputs found
Resonant excitonic emission of a single quantum dot in the Rabi regime
We report on coherent resonant emission of the fundamental exciton state in a
single semiconductor GaAs quantum dot. Resonant regime with picoseconde laser
excitation is realized by embedding the quantum dots in a waveguiding
structure. As the pulse intensity is increased, Rabi oscillation is observed up
to three periods. The Rabi regime is achieved owing to an enhanced light-matter
coupling in the waveguide. This is due to a \emph{slow light effect}
(), occuring when an intense resonant pulse propagates in a
medium. The resonant control of the quantum dot fundamental transition opens
new possibilities in quantum state manipulation and quantum optics experiments
in condensed matter physics.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Shocks in dense clouds. IV. Effects of grain-grain processing on molecular line emission
Grain-grain processing has been shown to be an indispensable ingredient of
shock modelling in high density environments. For densities higher than
\sim10^5 cm-3, shattering becomes a self-enhanced process that imposes severe
chemical and dynamical consequences on the shock characteristics. Shattering is
accompanied by the vaporization of grains, which can directly release SiO to
the gas phase. Given that SiO rotational line radiation is used as a major
tracer of shocks in dense clouds, it is crucial to understand the influence of
vaporization on SiO line emission. We have developed a recipe for implementing
the effects of shattering and vaporization into a 2-fluid shock model,
resulting in a reduction of computation time by a factor \sim100 compared to a
multi-fluid modelling approach. This implementation was combined with an
LVG-based modelling of molecular line radiation transport. Using this model we
calculated grids of shock models to explore the consequences of different
dust-processing scenarios. Grain-grain processing is shown to have a strong
influence on C-type shocks for a broad range of magnetic fields: they become
hotter and thinner. The reduction in column density of shocked gas lowers the
intensity of molecular lines, at the same time as higher peak temperatures
increase the intensity of highly excited transitions compared to shocks without
grain-grain processing. For OH the net effect is an increase in line
intensities, while for CO and H2O it is the contrary. The intensity of H2
emission is decreased in low transitions and increased for highly excited
lines. For all molecules, the highly excited lines become sensitive to the
value of the magnetic field. Although vaporization increases the intensity of
SiO rotational lines, this effect is weakened by the reduced shock width. The
release of SiO early in the hot shock changes the excitation characteristics of
SiO radiation.Comment: Published in Astronomy and Astrophysics (2013). 26 pages, 16 figures,
14 table
Про походження ойконіма Белз
У статті здійснено історико-етимологічний аналіз ойконіма Белз – одного з найдавніших
поселень північної Львіщини. На матеріалі документально засвідчених історичних фіксацій
назви міста простежено фонетичні модифікації досліджуваного оніма в хронології.В статье проведено историко-этимологический анализ ойконима Белз – одного из древнейших поселений Львовщины. На материале документально засвидетельствованных исторических фиксаций названия города прослежено фонетические модификации исследуемого
онима в хронологии.In the article the historical-etymological analysis of oiconym Белз – as the one of the mast ancient
settlements of Lviv region is done. On the material of documentally authenticated historical fi xations
of the settlement name there phonetic modifi cations of mentioned oiconym are traced
The effect of baryons on the variance and the skewness of the mass distribution in the Universe at small scales
We study the dissipative effects of baryon physics on cosmic statistics at small scales using a cosmological simulation of a (50 Mpc h−1)3 volume of universe. The MareNostrum simulation was performed using the adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) code ramses, and includes most of the physical ingredients which are part of the current theory of galaxy formation, such as metal-dependent cooling and UV heating, subgrid modelling of the interstellar medium, star formation and supernova feedback. We reran the same initial conditions for a dark matter only universe, as a reference point for baryon-free cosmic statistics. In this paper, we present the measured small-scale amplification of σ2 and S3 due to baryonic physics and their interpretation in the framework of the halo model. As shown in recent studies, the effect of baryons on the matter power spectrum can be accounted for at scales k≲ 10 h Mpc−1 by modifying the halo concentration parameter. We propose to extend this result by using a composite halo profile, which is a linear combination of a Navarro, Frenk and White profile for the dark matter component and an exponential disc profile mimicking the baryonic component at the heart of the halo. This halo profile form is physically motivated and depends on two parameters, the mass fraction f d of baryons in the disc and the ratio λd of the disc's characteristic scale to the halo's virial radius. We find this composite profile to reproduce both the small-scale variance and skewness boosts measured in the simulation up to k∼ 102 h Mpc−1 for physically meaningful values of the parameters f d and λd. Although simulations like the one presented here usually suffer from various problems when compared to observations, our modified halo model could be used as a fitting model to improve the determination of cosmological parameters from weak lensing convergence spectra and skewness measurement
Local disorder and optical properties in V-shaped quantum wires : towards one-dimensional exciton systems
The exciton localization is studied in GaAs/GaAlAs V-shaped quantum wires
(QWRs) by high spatial resolution spectroscopy. Scanning optical imaging of
different generations of samples shows that the localization length has been
enhanced as the growth techniques were improved. In the best samples, excitons
are delocalized in islands of length of the order of 1 micron, and form a
continuum of 1D states in each of them, as evidenced by the sqrt(T) dependence
of the radiative lifetime. On the opposite, in the previous generation of QWRs,
the localization length is typically 50 nm and the QWR behaves as a collection
of quantum boxes. These localization properties are compared to structural
properties and related to the progresses of the growth techniques. The presence
of residual disorder is evidenced in the best samples and explained by the
separation of electrons and holes due to the large in-built piezo-electric
field present in the structure.Comment: 8 figure
Next-to-leading order multi-leg processes for the Large Hadron Collider
In this talk we discuss recent progress concerning precise predictions for
the LHC. We give a status report of three applications of our method to deal
with multi-leg one-loop amplitudes: The interference term of Higgs production
by gluon- and weak boson fusion to order O(alpha^2 alpha_s^3) and the
next-to-leading order corrections to the two processes pp -> ZZ jet and u ubar
-> d dbar s sbar. The latter is a subprocess of the four jet cross section at
the LHC.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. Talk given at the 8th international Symposium on
Radiative Corrections (RADCOR), October 1-5 2007, Florence, Ital
Milling cutting tool diagnosis using comparisons of the excitation identified by cepstral techniques
This paper investigates the diagnosis of cutting tools in a milling operation using vibration signals and proposes a signal processing algorithm to achieve that. In the proposed algorithm, the impulse response of the measured vibration signal is firstly identified using the random decrement technique. This is then converted to a cepstrum and subtracted from the measured signal in the quefrency domain using the additive properties of cepstra. The residual signal representing the forcing function is then transformed back into the time domain using the inverse cepstrum. Finally the power spectral density is estimated, and a comparison is made between the different states of the cutting tool. For a good estimation of the force, four measurement points are used, and the identified excitation sources are then averaged. By comparing the spectra of the forcing functions, the efficiency of the method is demonstrated, and the faulty case is clearly distinguished from the fault-free case. This was not the case with the original response signals
Photon - Jet Correlations and Constraints on Fragmentation Functions
We study the production of a large-pT photon in association with a jet in
proton-proton collisions. We examine the sensitivity of the jet rapidity
distribution to the gluon distribution function in the proton. We then assess
the sensitivity of various photon + jet correlation observables to the photon
fragmentation functions. We argue that RHIC data on photon-jet correlations can
be used to constrain the photon fragmentation functions in a region which was
barely accessible in LEP experiments.Comment: 23 pages, 9 figure
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