PERILAKU PEMILIH DALAM PEMILIHAN BUPATI DAN WAKIL BUPATI TAHUN 2018 (Studi Di Distrik Tembagapura Kabupaten Mimika Provinsi Papua)

ABSTRAKDalam menganalisis voting behavior dan untuk menjelaskan pertimbangan-pertimbangan yang digunakan sebagai alasan para pemilih dalam menjatuhkan pilihannya, dikenal dengan tiga pendekatan, yaitu Mazhab Columbia yang mengunakan sosiologis, Mazhab Michigan yang dikenal dengan pedekatan psikologis, Mazhab Virginia yang dikenal dengan pendekatan atau model Rasional. Pendekatan tersebut digunakan untuk melihat perilaku pemilih di kabupaten Mimika pada pemilihan bupati dan wakil bupati tahun 2018. Penelitian ini disusun berdasarkan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan mendeskripsikan hasil wawancara terhadap tokoh masyarakat, kepala suku setempat, kepala desa, dan tokoh agama, serta para pemilih di Distrik Tembagapura yang berhak memilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemilih memilih karena ada kaitannya dengan pendidikan, jabatan, pekerjaan, kesukuan, kekeluargaan, serta wilayah tempat tingal, memilih dilihat dari keterkaitan seseorang dengan partai politik, orientasi seseorang dengan isu-isu dan orientasi seseorang terhadap kandidat, serta visi misi dan program maupun strategi. Memilih tujuan untuk diri sendiri dengan beberapa alternative mana yang maksimal baginya, pemilih yang lebih melihat sosok figure dari kandidat paslon bupati, meski diberi barang berupa kebutuhan pokok atau dalam bentuk apapun, tidak mempengaruhi pemilih pada umumnya karena banyak masyarakat Distrik Tembagapura yang bekerja dan studi diluar daerah. Oleh karena itu perlunya pendidikan politik bagi masyarakat Distrik Tembagapura, bukan hanya para memilih, tetapi seluruh lapisan masyarakat agar pemilih tidak salah pilih melainkan dapat menggunakan hak pilih dengan memilih calon yang tepat diwaktu yang mendatang, selain itu perlunya kesadaran yang tinggi bagi pemilih untuk memilih agar partisipasi politik masyarakat di Distrik Tembagapura semangkin baik dan dapat memberi pengaruh bagi kemajuan pembangunan di daerah pemilihan. Kata Kunci: Perilaku Pemilih   ABSTRACTIn analyzing voting behavior and to explain the considerations used as reasons for voters in making their choices, there are three approaches, namely the Columbia School which uses sociology, the Michigan School which is known as psychological approach, the Virginia School which is known as the Rational approach or model. The approach was used to see voter behavior in Mimika district in the election of the regent and deputy regent in 2018. This research was compiled based on qualitative research methods with data collection techniques namely observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this study is to describe the results of interviews with community leaders, local tribal chiefs, village heads, and religious leaders, as well as voters in Tembagapura District who have the right to vote. The results showed that voters chose because there was a connection with education, position, occupation, ethnicity, family, and the region where they lived, choosing was seen from the relationship of a person with a political party, one's orientation to one's issues and orientation towards the candidate, and vision and mission and program or strategy. Choosing a goal for oneself with a number of alternatives which is the maximum for him, voters who see the figure of the candidate candidate for regent, although given goods in the form of basic needs or in any form, does not affect voters in general because many people in Tembagapura District work and study outside area. Therefore the need for political education for the people of Tembagapura District, not only the voters, but all levels of society so that voters do not vote wrong but can exercise their right to vote by choosing the right candidates in the future, besides the need for high awareness for voters to vote so that the political participation of the community in the Tembagapura District is likely to be good and can have an impact on the progress of development in the electoral district. Keywords: Voter Behavio

IMPLEMENTASI FUNGSI KOORDINASI PEMERINTAHAN PADA KANTOR DISTRIK ALAMA KABUPATEN MIMIKA

AbstrakImplementasi Fungsi Koordinasi Pemerintahan Pada Kantor Distrik Alama Kabupaten Mimika Skripsi. Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Politik Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Pembimbing : (I) Drs.Arpi .R.Rondonuwu,Msi (II) Drs.V.Kasenda,MSi .Permasalahan yang terlihat dalam pelaksanaan pemerintahan di Distrik Alama adalah dalam pelaksanaan pemerintahan dan pembangunan di Distrik masih kurang baik, hal ini akan berpengaruh secara negatif terhadap pelaksanaan tugas-tugas organisasi, sehingga menghambat usaha pencapaian tujuan. Kepala Distrik diharapkan dapat mengkoordinir bawahan dalam meningkatkan kinerja aparat pemerintah Distrik terutama dalam mengkoordinasikan pelaksanaan pemerintahan dan pembangunan di wilayah distrik Alama.Tujuan penelitian ; Untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan fungsi koordinasi pemerintahan di Kantor Distrik Alama Kabupaten Mimika. Pada dasarnya koordinasi adalah merupakan usaha dari seorang pemimpin suatu organisasi untuk menempatkan secara teratur bagian-bagian atau unit-unit kerja yang ada dalam organisasi sesuai dengan tugas dan fungsinya. Imam Buchari (1970 : 68) mengemukakan tujuan koordinasi sebagai berikut : untuk mencegah konflik, untuk mencegah persaingan, mencegah double ours dan pemborosan, mencegah kekosongan ruang atau waktu, mencegah perbedaan-perbedaan pendekatan dan pelaksanaan.Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, analisis data dilakukan dengan menggambarkan secara deskriftif kualitatif tentang pelaksanaan fungsi koordinasi pemerintahan di Kantor Distrik Alama. Kepala Distrik bertanggung jawab terhadap pelaksanaan kegiatan pemerintahan di Distrik. Kepala Distrik memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam melakukan koordinasi untuk meningkatkan kinerja aparat pemerintah Distrik terutama dalam pelayanan masyarakat dan untuk menunjang pelaksanaan otonomi daerah. Pelaksanaan koordinasi pemerintahan di Kantor Distrik Alama 5 orang informan menyatakan sangat baik; 3 orang menyatakan cukup baik dan 2 orang informan menyatakan kurang baik pelaksanaan koordinasi pemerintahan di Kantor Distrik Alama dalam pelaksanaan pemerintahan Distrik Alama.Distrik Alama dalam pelaksanaan pemerintahan dan pembangunan di Distrik masih perlu terus ditingkatkan pelaksanaan koordinasi pemerintahan terutama oleh Kepala Distrik dan para perangkat distrik, hal ini akan berpengaruh secara positif terhadap pelaksanaan tugas-tugas organisasi sehingga tidak menghambat usaha pencapaian tujuan. Kepala Distrik diharapkan dapat mengkoordinir bawahan dalam meningkatkan kinerja aparat pemerintah Distrik dalam pelaksanaan pemerintahan dan pembangunan di wilayah distrik Alama.Kata Kunci : Implementasi, Koordinasi, Pemerintaha

KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA DESA DALAM MENGHADAPI PANDEMI COVID-19 DI DESA AMONGENA 3 KECAMATAN LANGOWAN TIMUR KABUPATEN MINAHASA

Menghadapi masalah penyebaran covid 19 yang terjadi sekarang ini masyarakat memerlukan peran kepemimpinan yang mumpuni dalam mengatasi kebebalan sebagian masyarakat terhadap penerapan protocol kesehatan. Hal ini juga yang dihadapi oleh desa Amongena 3, dimana masih adanya masyarakat yang tidak menerapkan protokol kesehatan sesuai dengan anjuran pemerintah pusat. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif (Juliansyah Noor, 2012) penelitian ini akan mengkaji kepemimpinan Kepala Desa dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19 di Desa Amongena 3 Kecamatan Langowan Timur Kabupaten Minahasa. Peran kepemimpinan akan dikaji dengan menggunakan pendekatan yang dikemukakan oleh George R. Terry (dalam Toha, 2007) tentang kepemimpinan. Temuan penelitian menggambarkan terkait dengan, dalam mempengaruhi masyarakat agar menerapkan protokol kesehatan sesuai dengan anjuran pemerintah yang telah ditetapkan, Hukum Tua mengalami hambatan akan kurangnnya kesadaran masyarakat tentang bahayanya virus covid-19. Pemerintah desa berupaya agar masyarakat desa mentaati protokol kesehatan yang ada agar virus Covid-19 tidak menyebar di desa Amongena 3. Jika dilihat kepemimpinan Hukum Tua dirasa cukup baik, dalam hal memotivasi perilaku masyarakat desa Amongena 3 kepala desa menerapkan langkah-langkah yang harus ditaati oleh masyarakat desa Amongena 3 agar masyarakat terhindar dari paparan virun Covid-19 dan virus Covid-19 tidak menyebar di desa Amongena 3. Selain itu Hukum Tua mengupayakan untuk selalu memberikan pengumuman baik di pengeras suara dan acara suka ataupun duka yang ada di desa Amongena 3 guna mempengaruhi masyarakat agar menerapkan protokol kesehatan di segala aktivitas yang akan dilakukan dalam rangka pencegahan penyebaran virus Covid-19 di desa Amongena 3. Kata kunci : Kepemimpinan, Pandemi Covid-19  ABSTRACTFacing the problem of the spread of covid 19 that is happening now, the community needs a capable leadership role in overcoming the ignorance of some people towards the application of health protocols. This is also the case with Amongena 3 village, where there are still people who do not implement health protocols in accordance with the recommendations of the central government. Using a qualitative method (Juliansyah Noor, 2012) this study will examine the leadership of the Village Head in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic in Amongena 3 Village, East Langowan District, Minahasa Regency. The role of leadership will be studied using the approach proposed by George R. Terry (in Toha, 2007) about leadership. The research findings illustrate that in influencing the community to implement health protocols in accordance with government recommendations that have been set, the Old Law is experiencing obstacles to the lack of public awareness about the dangers of the covid-19 virus. The village government is trying to make the village community obey the existing health protocols so that the Covid-19 virus does not spread in the Amongena village 3. If you look at the leadership of the Old Law, it seems quite good, in terms of motivating the behavior of the Amongena village community, the village head applies steps that must be obeyed by the village community. Amongena 3 village community so that the community is protected from exposure to the Covid-19 virus and the Covid-19 virus does not spread in Amongena 3 village. In addition, the Old Law strives to always give announcements both on loudspeakers and happy and sad events in Amongena 3 village in order to influencing the community to apply health protocols in all activities that will be carried out in order to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus in the village of Amongena 3. Keywords: Leadership, Covid-19 Pandemi

Implementation and Relationship of Complete Staff Work Methods, Coordination and Supervision with the Implementation of Leadership Decision Making

This research is intended to develop a model in decision making in government management. This is in accordance with one of Unsrat's RIPs, namely comprehensive social and legal protection, in this case good government services through decision making in making policies. This research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive method. Data collection was carried out by conducting a survey, the data used was primary data obtained directly from respondents using a data collection tool in the form of a list of questions or questionnaires that had been prepared. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained from various official publications at the institution where the research was conducted. As a sample of respondents in this study are leaders at the top level such as; Mayor, Deputy Mayor, City Secretary, and 3 assistants and middle-level leaders such as heads of divisions and heads of subdivisions, employees who are subordinates to subdivisions, with a sample size of 45 people. The variables studied were the implementation of the complete staff work method (X1), the implementation of coordination (X2), and the implementation of inherent supervision (X3) as independent variables or independent variables, and the effectiveness of decision-making implementation (Y) as the dependent variable or dependent variable. Data were analyzed using the product moment correlation analysis model to see the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable

Antioxidant Activities of Curry Leaves (Murayya Koeniigi) and Salam Leaves (Eugenia Polyantha)

This study aimed to extract the active antioxidant compounds from curry leaves (Murayya koeniigi) and salam leaves (Eugenia polyantha) using three types of solvent; water, ethanol (50%) and hexane, and determine the total polyphenols contents, activity of free radicals scavenging using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ferric reducing power of the extract of those materials. The result showed that curry leaves extracted using water contain a higher amount of polyphenols than other solvent extracts, while for the salam leaves, ethanol (50%) extracts give a higher polyphenol content than others. Total polyphenols extracts had a positive correlation with antioxidant activity in both DPPH radical scavenging and ferric reducing power. Extracts that contain a high amount of polyphenols also exhibit high antioxidant activity. The result indicated that the polarity level of the solvent will determine extraction result and its antioxidant activit

Acquisition and Elimination of Bacterial Vaginosis During Pregnancy: A Danish Population-Based Study

Objectives: the aim was to examine factors associated with acquisition and elimination of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy. Methods: a group of 229 pregnant women were randomly selected from a population-based prospective cohort study of 2927. They were examined at enrollment (mean gestational weeks 16w + 0d) and again in mid-third trimester (mean gestational age 32w + 3d). Measures: BV (Amsel's clinical criteria), microbiological cultures of the genital tract and questionnaire data. Results: BV prevalence decreased from 17% in early second trimester to 14% in mid-third trimester due to a tenfold higher elimination rate (39%) than incidence rate (4%). Heavy smokers (> 10/d) in early pregnancy were at increased risk (5.3 [1.1–25]) for the acquisition of BV during pregnancy, as were women receiving public benefits (4.8 [1.0–22]), having a vaginal pH above 4.5 (6.3 [1.4–29]) or vaginal anaerobe bacteria (18 [2.7–122]) at enrollment. A previous use of combined oral contraceptives was preventive for the acquisition of BV (0.2 [0.03–0.96]). Elimination of BV in pregnancy tended to be associated with a heavy growth of Lactobacillus (3.2 [0.8–13]) at enrollment. Conclusions: acquisition of BV during pregnancy is rare and is associated with smoking, while the presence of anaerobe bacteria and a vaginal pH > 4.5 are interpreted as steps on a gradual change towards BV. In the same way heavy growth of Lactobacillus spp in early pregnancy may be an indicator of women on the way to eliminate BV

Serum cytokine levels as predictive biomarkers of benefit from ipilimumab in small cell lung cancer

Background. Immunotherapy has shown efficacy in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), but only a subset of patients benefits. Surrogate biomarkers are urgently needed. Our aim was to evaluate serum Th1, Th2, and proinflammatory cytokines in two cohorts of SCLC patients before and during treatment with chemotherapy with or without ipilimumab and to correlate them with survival. Patients and methods. Two cohorts of SCLC patients were studied: patients treated with chemotherapy (n = 47), and patients treated with chemotherapy plus ipilimumab (n = 37). Baseline, on-treatment and after-treatment serum samples were evaluated for the presence of IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, GM-CSF, and Mip-1alpha using a Luminex assay. Differential changes in cytokines between cohorts were analyzed. Associations between cytokine levels and their changes with overall survival were evaluated. Results. Patients treated with ipilimumab showed a global increase of all cytokines after treatment initiation. A high level of IL-8 at baseline was associated with worse prognosis regardless of treatment. Baseline increased IL-2 levels predicted sensitivity to ipilimumab, while high IL-6 and TNF-alpha predicted resistance. An on-treatment increase in IL-4 levels in patients treated with immune-chemotherapy was associated with a better overall survival. Conclusions. The addition of ipilimumab to standard chemotherapy in SCLC modulates the serum levels of cytokines. Baseline levels and their change over time relate to overall survival. Blood-based biomarkers are convenient for patients, and our results support prospective validation of cytokines as predictive biomarkers for ipilimumab in SCLC

Design of 280 GHz feedhorn-coupled TES arrays for the balloon-borne polarimeter SPIDER

We describe 280 GHz bolometric detector arrays that instrument the balloon-borne polarimeter SPIDER. A primary science goal of SPIDER is to measure the large-scale B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background in search of the cosmic-inflation, gravitational-wave signature. 280 GHz channels aid this science goal by constraining the level of B-mode contamination from galactic dust emission. We present the focal plane unit design, which consists of a 16$\times$16 array of conical, corrugated feedhorns coupled to a monolithic detector array fabricated on a 150 mm diameter silicon wafer. Detector arrays are capable of polarimetric sensing via waveguide probe-coupling to a multiplexed array of transition-edge-sensor (TES) bolometers. The SPIDER receiver has three focal plane units at 280 GHz, which in total contains 765 spatial pixels and 1,530 polarization sensitive bolometers. By fabrication and measurement of single feedhorns, we demonstrate 14.7$^{\circ}$ FHWM Gaussian-shaped beams with $<$1% ellipticity in a 30% fractional bandwidth centered at 280 GHz. We present electromagnetic simulations of the detection circuit, which show 94% band-averaged, single-polarization coupling efficiency, 3% reflection and 3% radiative loss. Lastly, we demonstrate a low thermal conductance bolometer, which is well-described by a simple TES model and exhibits an electrical noise equivalent power (NEP) = 2.6 $\times$ 10$^{-17}$ W/$\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$, consistent with the phonon noise prediction.Comment: Proceedings of SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 201

Inflammatory breast cancer: dynamic contrast-enhanced MR in patients receiving bevacizumab. Initial experience

To retrospectively compare three dynamic contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (dynamic MR imaging) analytic methods to determine the parameter or combination of parameters most strongly associated with changes in tumor microvasculature during treatment with bevacizumab alone and bevacizumab plus chemotherapy in patients with inflammatory or locally advanced breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in accordance with the institutional review board of the National Cancer Institute and was compliant with the Privacy Act of 1974. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. Patients with inflammatory or locally advanced breast cancer were treated with one cycle of bevacizumab alone (cycle 1) followed by six cycles of combination bevacizumab and chemotherapy (cycles 2-7). Serial dynamic MR images were obtained, and the kinetic parameters measured by using three dynamic analytic MR methods (heuristic, Brix, and general kinetic models) and two region-of-interest strategies were compared by using two-sided statistical tests. A P value of .01 was required for significance. RESULTS: In 19 patients, with use of a whole-tumor region of interest, the authors observed a significant decrease in the median values of three parameters measured from baseline to cycle 1: forward transfer rate constant (Ktrans) (-34% relative change, P=.003), backflow compartmental rate constant extravascular and extracellular to plasma (Kep) (-15% relative change, P<.001), and integrated area under the gadolinium concentration curve (IAUGC) at 180 seconds (-23% relative change, P=.009). A trend toward differences in the heuristic slope of the washout curve between responders and nonresponders to therapy was observed after cycle 1 (bevacizumab alone, P=.02). The median relative change in slope of the wash-in curve from baseline to cycle 4 was significantly different between responders and nonresponders (P=.009). CONCLUSION: The dynamic contrast-enhanced MR parameters Ktrans, Kep, and IAUGC at 180 seconds appear to have the strongest association with early physiologic response to bevacizumab. Clinical trial registration no. NCT0001654