PERCEPCIJA STARENJA U MAĐARSKOJ

Like in many developed countries, the ageing tendency of the population is typical also for the Hungarian age structure, which requires greater attention of the society in the economic, social and health aspects, furthermore, it causes changes in cooperation of generations and their habits and norms. It is related among others to social mobility and the fragmentation of family relationships, which may mean the separation of the older generation from the younger one, therefore children do not get to know older people’s lives or only just a few patterns of those, and they lack coexistence and cooperation opportunities. This situation is influenced by nowadays’ trends (for example anti-ageing), social impacts and expectations associated with the natural ageing process; developing a negative image of ageing in many (especially young) people. For these reasons the study seeks associations with ageing and age-determination in respect of generations to recognise how positive or negative their points of view or feelings are, and how they influence their everyday lives. The results were obtained by using four evaluation methods: personal and online researches, taking of nationally representative samples, organising three focus group discussions, and interviewing master’s students. The results show that the Hungarian respondents have preferably negative opinions about the ageing-related terms. This aspect may have a negative influence on the attitudes of the generations about their subjective value judgment regarding themselves, their age and life situation.Kao i u mnogim razvijenim zemljama, tako je tendencija starenja stanovništva tipična i za mađarsku dobnu strukturu, što zahtijeva veću pažnju društva u ekonomskom, socijalnom i zdravstvenom aspektu; štoviše, ovo uzrokuje promjene u suradnji generacija i njihovim navikama i normama. Između ostalog, ono je povezano i sa socijalnom mobilnošću i fragmentacijom obiteljskih odnosa, što može značiti odvajanje starije generacije od mlađe, i stoga djeca nemaju priliku upoznati živote starijih osoba ili upoznaju samo nekoliko obrazaca življenja, te su uskraćeni za mogućnosti suživota i suradnje. Na ovu situaciju utječu današnji trendovi (npr. anti-aging), socijalni utjecaji i očekivanja povezana s prirodnim procesom starenja uz razvijanje negativne slike starenja kod mnogih (posebno mladih) ljudi. Iz tih razloga, studijom se istražuju asocijacije na starenje i dob s obzirom na generacije, a kako bi se utvrdilo koliko su njihova gledišta ili osjećaji pozitivni ili negativni i kako utječu na njihov svakodnevni život. Rezultati su prikupljeni korištenjem četiri metode: primjenom osobnog i online ispitivanja, koji su provedeni na nacionalno reprezentativnim uzorcima, te provedbom tri fokus grupe i intervjuiranjem studenata. Rezultati pokazuju da mađarski ispitanici imaju negativna mišljenja o pojmovima koji se vežu uz starenje. Ovaj aspekt može negativno utjecati na stavove generacija koji se odnose na njihovu subjektivnu vrijednosnu prosudbu o sebi, njihovu dob i životnu situaciju

The Attendance About Sport Events of the 50+ Cohorts

The population of Hungary, similar to the European countries, shows an ageing tendency. The life expectancy at birth and after 65 is growing, as a consequence of which the increased years of life can become meaty besides adequate life quality. An important related area is activity and sports. Accordingly, it can become a priority task to involve the older generations into sport consumption and sport tourism. In their study the authors examine the connections between the attitudes toward sports and sport tourism among the Hungarian population with particular regard to the 50-70 years old people. Based on the results of the survey, carried out within the framework of the project EFOP-3.6.2-16-2017-003: “Cooperative Research Network in Economy of Sport, Recreation and Health”, focusing on the sport consumption habits of the Hungarian population the sport-attitudes and travels by reason of sport of the elderly cohorts are demonstrated. On this basis proposals, sports and public health programmes and sports tourism projects can be drafted, which could level up the consumption and activities of the elderly to a higher level

The attendance about sport events of the 50+ cohorts

The population of Hungary, similar to the European countries, shows an ageing tendency. The life expectancy at birth and after 65 is growing, as a consequence of which the increased years of life can become meaty besides adequate life quality. An important related area is activity and sports. Accordingly, it can become a priority task to involve the older generations into sport consumption and sport tourism. In their study the authors examine the connections between the attitudes toward sports and sport tourism among the Hungarian population with particular regard to the 50-70 years old people. Based on the results of the survey, carried out within the framework of the project EFOP-3.6.2-16-2017-003: “Cooperative Research Network in Economy of Sport, Recreation and Health”, focusing on the sport consumption habits of the Hungarian population the sport-attitudes and travels by reason of sport of the elderly cohorts are demonstrated. On this basis proposals, sports and public health programmes and sports tourism projects can be drafted, which could level up the consumption and activities of the elderly to a higher level

Fénykeresők : Felvilágosult társaságok, irodalom és tudomány Közép-Európában : Kommentált forrásgyűjtemény a Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum kamarakiállításához 2017. október = Lichtsucher: Aufgeklärte Sozietäten, Literatur und Wissenschaft in Mitteleuropa : Kommentierte Quellensammlung zur Kabinettausstellung des Ungarischen Nationalmuseums, Oktober 2017

Az utóbbi évtizedek nemzetközi felvilágosodás-kutatásának egyik jelentős felismerése, hogy a 18. századi tudós társaságok, irodalom- és nyelvápoló egyesülések, olvasókörök, gazdasági és patrióta egyesületek, szabadkőműves páholyok hatékonyan szolgálták a reformeszmék terjedését, ösztönözték az irodalom és a tudományok fejlődését, hozzájárultak a társadalmi és politikai modernizációhoz, előkészítették a polgárosodás folyamatát, és felerősítették a nemzeti függetlenségre irányuló törekvéseket. Nem elhanyagolható szerepet játszottak számos író, költő és tudós munkásságában, a műgyűjtő tevékenység fokozódásában és a múzeumi gyűjtemények kialakulásában. A felvilágosult társaságok hálózata minőségileg új kommunikációs szerkezetet hozott létre, mely átfogta a társadalom több rétegét, és elősegítette a rendi társadalomszerkezet felbomlását. A társasági mozgalom egyik sajátos formájaként a szabadkőműves páholyok elősegítették az országhatárokon átnyúló értelmiségi együttműködést, s exkluzivitásra törekvő művelődéseszményük hatott a kor új irodalmi programjainak kialakulására

Two tagging single‐nucleotide polymorphisms to capture HLA ‐ DRB1*07:01–DQA1*02:01–DQB1*02:02 haplotype associated with asparaginase hypersensitivity

Aims: Asparaginase (ASP) hypersensitivity is a well-known challenge in the treatment of lymphoblastic malignancies. In terms of cost considerations, the cheap native Escherichia coli ASP, the most immunogenic form of this medication, is used in the first line in middle-income countries. Previously, the role of the HLA-DRB1*07:01-DQA1*02:01-DQB1*02:02 haplotype had been established to associate with E. coli ASP hypersensitivity. We investigated a possible cost-effective genetic testing method to identify patients harbouring the risk HLA haplotype in order to pave the way for safer ASP treatment. Methods: In 241 patients with previously determined HLA-DRB1*07:01-DQA1*02:01-DQB1*02:02 haplotype and known ASP hypersensitivity status, 4 candidate HLA-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)s were measured, and the performance of the different sets of these tag SNPs was evaluated. Results: We identified a combination of 2 SNPs - rs28383172 and rs7775228 - as a tag for HLA-DRB1*07:01-DQA1*02:01-DQB1*02:02 haplotype with sensitivity and specificity values >95%. In line with previous findings, we found complete concordance between HLA-DRB1*07:01 and rs28383172. With bioinformatics methods, the results were also confirmed in the 1000 Genomes dataset in different ethnic groups. Conclusion: Rs28383172 and rs7775228 are suitable for identifying HLA-DRB1*07:01-DQA1*02:01-DQB1*02:02 carriers. Compared to the rest of the population, patients with hypersensitivity-prone genotype would benefit more from the administration of less immunogenic PEGylated ASP before the hypersensitivity evolves, incurring minimal extra cost

Energiagazdálkodás az Európai Unióban - különös tekintettel a földgázra

A szakdolgozat bemutatja az energiagazdálkodás jelentőségét, és az energiagazdálkodás irányát meghatározó energiaforrások összetételét a világon és az Unióban. Értelmezi az energiagazdálkodás mibenlétét, és szerepét, az alakulására hatással lévő tényezőket. Majd kitér a világ energiagazdálkodási folyamataira. A dolgozatban röviden bemutatom, hogyan alakult az Unió energiapolitikája és, hogy milyen eszközökkel próbálja befolyásolni az Unió az energiapiacot. Ismertettem a Unió energiapolitikájának legfőbb pontjait és kérdéseit. Majd az erőforrások közül kiemelten foglalkozom a Földgázzal, amelynek jelentősége az utóbbi időben megnőtt. Kitérek a földgáz hasznosíthatóságára, szállítási módjaira, és az Unió földgázzal való ellátottságára. Ezek után az EU földgázpiaccal kapcsolatos tevékenységét mutatom be.Bav