20 research outputs found

    Moluscos asociados a ensamblajes macroalgales en el litoral rocoso de Córdoba, Caribe colombiano

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    La composición y abundancia de la comunidad bentónica de moluscos asociada a ensamblajes macroalgales fueron estudiadas en dos ecorregiones de la franja costera del departamento de Córdoba, Caribe colombiano. Entre septiembre de 2006 y junio de 2007 fueron realizados cuatro muestreos en seis estaciones; tres en San Antero, dos en Puerto Escondido y una en Los Córdobas. Para la recolección de los especímenes se delimitó un cuadrante de 625 cm2 con cinco repeticiones dispuestas al azar en cada estación. Se recolectaron un total de 1012 especímenes y 68 especies de moluscos fueron identificadas (46 gastrópodos, 19 bivalvos, dos poliplacóforos y un escafópodo). Las especies más abundantes en la ecorregión Morrosquillo fueron Bittiolum varium (34.95%), Parvanachis obesa (13.69%), Isognomon alatus (12.43%) y Columbella mercatoria (7.93%), mientras que en la ecorregión Darién fueron Eulithidium tessellatum (38.29%), E. affine (19.04%), C. mercatoria (7%), I. alatus (5.91%) y Tegula viridula (5.69%). Se presentaron diferencias significativas entre la cobertura macroalgal (Fs = 71.2, p 0.001) y la abundancia de moluscos (Fs = 56.9, p 0.001) con las estaciones de muestreo (α = 0.05). El análisis de componentes principales mostró que la abundancia de P. obesa, B. varium, I. alatus y C. mercatoria está regulada por las diferencias en cobertura de las macroalgas de la familia Gracilariaceae en la ecorregión Morrosquillo, mientras que la de E. affine, E. tessellatum y T. viridula está regulada por la cobertura de las macroalgas Sargassum polyceratium y Bryothamnion triquetrum en la ecorregión Darién/The composition and abundance of the benthic community of mollusks associated to macroalgal assemblages was studied in two ecoregions of the coastal strip of the Córdoba Province, Colombian Caribbean. Between September 2006 and June 2007 four samplings were done in six stations; three in San Antero, two in Puerto Escondido, and one in Los Córdobas. A quadrant of 625 cm2 with five replicates was used in order to collect the material; it was arranged randomly in each sampling period. A total of 1012 specimens and 68 species of mollusks were identified (46 gastropods, 19 bivalves, two polyplacophorans, and one scaphopod). The most abundant species in the Morrosquillo ecoregion were Bittiolum varium (34.95%), Parvanachis obesa (13.69%), Isognomon alatus (12.43%), and Columbella mercatoria (7.93%), while in the Darien ecoregion they were Eulithidium tessellatum (38.29%), E. affine (19.04%), C. mercatoria (7%), I. alatus (5.91%), and Tegula viridula (5.69%). There were significant differences between the macroalgal cover (Fs = 71.2, p 0.001) and mollusk abundance (Fs = 56.9, p 0.001) to the sampling stations (α = 0.05). The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that the abundances of P. obesa, B. varium, I. alatus, and C. mercatoria is regulated by differences in coverage of the family Gracilariaceae in Morrosquillo ecoregion, while the abundance of E. affine, E. tessellatum, and T. viridula is regulated by changes in coverage of Sargassum polyceratium and Bryothamnion triquetrum in Darien ecoregio

    Diet and food strategies in a southern al-Andalusian urban environment during Caliphal period, ecija, Sevilla

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    The Iberian medieval period is unique in European history due to the widespread socio-cultural changes that took place after the arrival of Arabs, Berbers and Islam in 711 AD. Recently, isotopic research has been insightful on dietary shifts, status, resource availability and the impact of environment. However, there is no published isotopic research exploring these factors in southern Iberian populations, and as the history of this area differs to the northern regions, this leaves a significant lacuna in our knowledge. This research fills this gap via isotopic analysis of human (n = 66) and faunal (n = 13) samples from the 9th to the 13th century Écija, a town renowned for high temperatures and salinity. Stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes were assessed from rib collagen, while carbon (δ13C) values were derived from enamel apatite. Human diet is consistent with C3 plant consumption with a very minor contribution of C4 plants, an interesting feature considering the suitability of Écija to C4 cereal production. δ15N values vary among adults, which may suggest variable animal protein consumption or isotopic variation within animal species due to differences in foddering. Consideration of δ13C collagen and apatite values together may indicate sugarcane consumption, while moderate δ15N values do not suggest a strong aridity or salinity effect. Comparison with other Iberian groups shows similarities relating to time and location rather than by religion, although more multi-isotopic studies combined with zooarchaeology and botany may reveal subtle differences unobservable in carbon and nitrogen collagen studies alone.OLC is funded by Plan Galego I2C mod.B (ED481D 2017/014). The research was partially funded by the projects “Galician Paleodiet” and by Consiliencia network (ED 431D2017/08) Xunta de GaliciaS

    Taxocenosis of mollusks and crustaceans on roots of rhizophora mangle (rhizophoraceae) at cispatá bay, córdoba, colombia

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    Despite the existing knowledge on the ecology of mangroves at Cispatá Bay, few studies have focused on the association of invertebrates on red mangrove roots, so between December 2010 and September 2011, it was characterized taxocenosis of mollusks and crustaceans on roots of Rhizophora mangle in two study sites at Cispatá Bay, Colombia. For the collections of biological material were randomly taken three red mangrove roots with a diameter. Mollusks and crustaceans were obtained from the root surface with a scraping knife then were removed and fixed in 10 % formalin for later identification to species using specialized taxonomic keys. Of the 12289 individuals collected in the four samples, 10470 belonged to the phylumMollusca (85,2 %) and the remaining 1819 to subphylum Crustacea (14,8 %). For mollusks were identified 14 species distributed in 11 families and two classes; Bivalvia and Gastropoda. For crustaceans were identified 24 species distributed in 16 families and four orders; Sessillia, Decapoda, Isopoda and Amphipoda. In both sectors sampling Mytella charruana, Balanus eburneusand Crassostrea rhizophorae were the most important species in terms of abundance, however mollusks like M. charruana and B. eburneus have a great ability to adapt and adjust to changing hydroclimatic, which was reflected in the dominance of these species in the sector with the greatest influence Sinu River. The presence of crustaceans Petrolisthes armatus and Aratus pisonii in the sector with more proximity to the Caribbean Sea indicate that are species with great mobility and physiological adaptation mechanisms.TAXOCENOSIS DE MOLUSCOS Y CRUSTÁCEOS EN RAÍCESDE Rhizophora mangle (RHIZOPHORACEAE)EN LA BAHÍA DE CISPATÁ, CÓRDOBA, COLOMBIAA pesar del conocimiento existente sobre la ecología de los manglares en la bahía de Cispatá, pocos estudios han sido enfocados en invertebrados asociados a las raíces del mangle rojo. Entre diciembre 2010 y septiembre 2011, se evaluó la estructura de los ensamblajes de moluscos y crustáceos asociados a las raíces de Rhizophora mangle en dos sectores de muestreo de la bahía de Cispatá, Colombia. Para la recolección del material biológico se tomaron al azar tres raíces de mangle homogéneas en cuanto al diámetro. Los organismos fueron obtenidos de la raíz raspando la superficie con un cuchillo, luego fueron separados y fijados en formalina al 10% para su posterior identificación. De los 12289 individuos recolectados en los cuatro muestreos, 10470 pertenecieron al phylum Mollusca (85,2%) y los restantes 1819 al subphylum Crustacea (14,8%). Para los moluscos se identificaron 14 especies distribuidas en 12 familias y dos clases; Bivalvia y Gastropoda. Para los crustáceos se identificaron 24 especies distribuidas en 16 familias y cuatro órdenes; Sessillia, Decapoda, Isopoda y Amphipoda. En los dos sectores de muestreo Mytella charruana, Balanus eburneus y Crassostrea rhizophorae fueron las especies más importantes en términos de abundancia, no obstante M. charruana y B. eburneus presentan una gran capacidad de adaptación y ajuste a las variaciones hidroclimáticas, mostrándose como especies fuertemente eurihalinas, lo que se relejó en la dominancia de dichas especies en el sector B. La presencia de Petrolisthes armatus y Aratus pisonii indica que son especies de bosques de manglar con gran movilidad y mecanismos de adaptación fisiológicos, lo que justifica su presencia en el sector A

    DINÁMICA ESPACIAL DE CRUSTÁCEOS DECÁPODOS ASOCIADOS A CÉSPEDES ALGALES ENTRE MOÑITOS Y LOS CÓRDOBAS, CARIBE COLOMBIANO

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    Se realizó un estudio de la dinámica espacial de los crustáceos decápodos asociados a céspedes algales entre los municipios de Moñitos y Los Córdobas, Caribe cordobés. Se efectuaron cuatro muestreos trimestrales entre agosto de 2006 y julio de 2007. Para la colecta de los especímenes se delimitó un cuadrante de 625 cm2 con cinco repeticiones dispuestas al azar en cada estación. Para la separación de las macroalgas desde su disco de fijación en el sustrato, se empleó una espátula metálica. En un recipiente plástico se separaron los crustáceos decápodos del resto del material y se conservaron en alcohol al 70%. Se identificó un total de representantes de 27 especies asociadas a los céspedes algales, agrupadas en 13 familias y 19 géneros. Para el Caribe colombiano se registró por primera vez Hippolyte pleuracanthus. Con base en el análisis de clasificación (UPGMA), se determinó que la estructura de las poblaciones de decápodos está relacionada con las características del sustrato rocoso y la composición algal, indicando que las diferencias en las poblaciones son consecuencia de una escala espacial, además del efecto antropogénico. Los resultados indicaron que las especies de crustáceos decápodos asociados a céspedes macroalgales, no se distribuyen de forma similar en la ecorregión de estudio, siendo Epialtus bituberculatus (65,7%) la especie con mayor porcentaje de abundancia, seguida de Pachygrapsus transversus (6,2%), Eurypanopeus abbreviatus (3,8%), Acanthonyx petiverii (3,6%) y Panopeus sp1. (3,6%)

    Dinámica espacial de crustáceos decápodos asociados a céspedes algales entre moñitos y los córdobas, caribe colombiano

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    Se realizó un estudio de la dinámica espacial de los crustáceos decápodos asociados a céspedes algales entre los municipios de Moñitos y Los Córdobas, Caribe cordobés. Se efectuaron cuatro muestreos trimestrales entre agosto de 2006 y julio de 2007. Para la colecta de los especímenes se delimitó un cuadrante de 625 cm2 con cinco repeticiones dispuestas al azar en cada estación. Para la separación de las macroalgas desde su disco de fijación en el sustrato, se empleó una espátula metálica. En un recipiente plástico se separaron los crustáceos decápodos del resto del material y se conservaron en alcohol al 70%. Se identificó un total de representantes de 27 especies asociadas a los céspedes algales, agrupadas en 13 familias y 19 géneros. Para el Caribe colombiano se registró por primera vez Hippolyte pleuracanthus. Con base en el análisis de clasificación (UPGMA), se determinó que la estructura de las poblaciones de decápodos está relacionada con las características del sustrato rocoso y la composición algal, indicando que las diferencias en las poblaciones son consecuencia de una escala espacial, además del efecto antropogénico. Los resultados indicaron que las especies de crustáceos decápodos asociados a céspedes macroalgales, no se distribuyen de forma similar en la ecorregión de estudio, siendo Epialtus bituberculatus (65,7%) la especie con mayor porcentaje de abundancia, seguida de Pachygrapsus transversus (6,2%), Eurypanopeus abbreviatus (3,8%), Acanthonyx petiverii (3,6%) y Panopeus sp1. (3,6%)

    A single-copy Sleeping Beauty transposon mutagenesis screen identifies new PTEN-cooperating tumor suppressor genes

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    The overwhelming number of genetic alterations identified through cancer genome sequencing requires complementary approaches to interpret their significance and interactions. Here we developed a novel whole-body insertional mutagenesis screen in mice, which was designed for the discovery of Pten-cooperating tumor suppressors. Toward this aim, we coupled mobilization of a single-copy inactivating Sleeping Beauty transposon to Pten disruption within the same genome. The analysis of 278 transposition-induced prostate, breast and skin tumors detected tissue-specific and shared data sets of known and candidate genes involved in cancer. We validated ZBTB20, CELF2, PARD3, AKAP13 and WAC, which were identified by our screens in multiple cancer types, as new tumor suppressor genes in prostate cancer. We demonstrated their synergy with PTEN in preventing invasion in vitro and confirmed their clinical relevance. Further characterization of Wac in vivo showed obligate haploinsufficiency for this gene (which encodes an autophagy-regulating factor) in a Pten-deficient context. Our study identified complex PTEN-cooperating tumor suppressor networks in different cancer types, with potential clinical implications

    The Dilemma of Choosing a Reference Character for Measuring Sexual Size Dimorphism, Sexual Body Component Dimorphism, and Character Scaling: Cryptic Dimorphism and Allometry in the Scorpion Hadrurus arizonensis

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    Genome-wide association study of renal cell carcinoma identifies two susceptibility loci on 2p21 and 11q13.3

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    Contains fulltext : 97937.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)We conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in 3,772 affected individuals (cases) and 8,505 controls of European background from 11 studies and followed up 6 SNPs in 3 replication studies of 2,198 cases and 4,918 controls. Two loci on the regions of 2p21 and 11q13.3 were associated with RCC susceptibility below genome-wide significance. Two correlated variants (r(2) = 0.99 in controls), rs11894252 (P = 1.8 x 10) and rs7579899 (P = 2.3 x 10), map to EPAS1 on 2p21, which encodes hypoxia-inducible-factor-2 alpha, a transcription factor previously implicated in RCC. The second locus, rs7105934, at 11q13.3, contains no characterized genes (P = 7.8 x 10(1)). In addition, we observed a promising association on 12q24.31 for rs4765623, which maps to SCARB1, the scavenger receptor class B, member 1 gene (P = 2.6 x 10). Our study reports previously unidentified genomic regions associated with RCC risk that may lead to new etiological insights

    Common colorectal cancer risk alleles contribute to the multiple colorectal adenoma phenotype, but do not influence colonic polyposis in FAP

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    The presence of multiple (5-100) colorectal adenomas suggests an inherited predisposition, but the genetic aetiology of this phenotype is undetermined if patients test negative for Mendelian polyposis syndromes such as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP). We investigated whether 18 common colorectal cancer (CRC) predisposition single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could help to explain some cases with multiple adenomas who phenocopied FAP or MAP, but had no pathogenic APC or MUTYH variant. No multiple adenoma case had an outlying number of CRC SNP risk alleles, but multiple adenoma patients did have a significantly higher number of risk alleles than population controls (P=5.7 × 10(-7)). The association was stronger in those with ≥10 adenomas. The CRC SNPs accounted for 4.3% of the variation in multiple adenoma risk, with three SNPs (rs6983267, rs10795668, rs3802842) explaining 3.0% of the variation. In FAP patients, the CRC risk score did not differ significantly from the controls, as we expected given the overwhelming effect of pathogenic germline APC variants on the phenotype of these cases. More unexpectedly, we found no evidence that the CRC SNPs act as modifier genes for the number of colorectal adenomas in FAP patients. In conclusion, common colorectal tumour risk alleles contribute to the development of multiple adenomas in patients without pathogenic germline APC or MUTYH variants. This phenotype may have 'polygenic' or monogenic origins. The risk of CRC in relatives of multiple adenoma cases is probably much lower for cases with polygenic disease, and this should be taken into account when counselling such patients
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