A PD-1 Inhibitor Induces Complete Response of Advanced Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma: A Case Report

The prognosis of patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma is dismal. Platinum-based chemotherapy is still the main first-line treatment for advanced urothelial carcinoma, while immunotherapy can be used as a first-line treatment option for people who cannot tolerate platinum. Immunotherapy is preferred in the second-line treatment of bladder urothelial carcinoma. PD-1 inhibitors (Pembrolizumab, nivolumab and atezolizumab) and PD-L1 inhibitors (Ddurvalumab and avelumab) have not been approved for the treatment of advanced urothelial cancer in China. We describe a patient with advanced urothelial carcinoma experienced disease progression after gemcitabine chemotherapy. Following a treatment of domestic PD-1 inhibitor (sintilimab), the patient achieved a durable complete response with mild toxicity. This case indicates that PD-1 inhibitor sintilimab might be a second-line treatment choice for advanced urothelial carcinoma

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for rapid and specific detection of hypochlorite

Hypochlorite (ClO−), an important reactive oxygen species, plays a crucial role in vitro and vivo. In this work, a ratiometric fluorescent probe (TPAM) was designed and synthesized for sensing ClO− based on substituted triphenylamine and malononitrile, which exhibited obvious color change from orange to colorless under daylight accompanied by noticeable fluorescence change from red to green in response to ClO−. The TPAM could quantitatively determine the concentrations of ClO− with the merits of fast response, excellent selectivity, high sensitivity and low detection limit of 0.1014 μM. 1H NMR, mass spectrum and theoretical calculations proved that ClO− triggered the oxidation cleavage of the carbon-carbon double bond in TPAM, resulting in significant changes in color and fluorescence. In addition, TPAM was successfully applied for imaging ClO− in living cells with good photostability and biocompatibility

Two-color Emissive AIEgens with Anti-Kasha Property for Dual-Organelle Imaging and Phototherapy

Despite the rapid development of probes for targeting single organelle, construction of robust dual-organelle targeting probes with multicolor emission was rarely reported. Towards this end and in consideration of the unique advantages of aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens), two dual emissive AIEgens with donor-π-acceptor structures were designed and syn-thesized, namely QT-1 and QF-2. Both two AIEgens exhibited excitation wavelength-dependence defying the Kasha’s rule. The invariant near-infrared emission was originated from S1 of AIEgens to S0. However, its anti-Kasha luminescence at a short wavelength from the S2 state can be tuned by changing the excitation wavelength. Given the two-color emission of AIEgens, QT-1 and QF-2 could stain lipid droplets (LDs) and mitochondria in a blue and red fluorescence, respectively. Moreover, thanks to the near-infrared emission and abundant ROS generation efficiency of QT-1, it was chosen as a photodynamic thera-py agent to selectively kill cancer cells from normal cells. Upon light irradiation, obvious decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and serious change of mitochondrial shape in cells were observed, which corresponded to the efficient inhibi-tion of tumor growth in vivo. This work afforded a promising strategy for the construction of multicolor emission by tuning anti-Kasha behaviors and to expand their application in dual-organelle targeting-based phototheranostics