A user-centred collective system design approach for Smart Product-Service Systems:A case study on fitness product design

Emerging technologies have significantly contributed to the evolution of traditional product-service systems (PSS) into smart PSS. This transformation demands a fresh perspective and a more inventive design approach. In response, this study proposes a new User-Centred Collective System Design (CSD) framework and process for Smart PSS design, aiming to enhance stakeholder engagement during the entire design process, thus promoting highly effective and creative design solutions. A case study, titled ‘Next-G Smart Fitness PSS Design’, was carried out to test and implement this approach, contrasting the results of the CSD method with a designer-centred method. The outcomes showed a marked improvement in product novelty and user desirability of the design outcomes when using the proposed design framework. The proposed CSD framework could offer beneficial insights and user-centric viewpoints for practitioners dealing with complex challenges linked to smart PSS design

Measurement of forward charged hadron flow harmonics in peripheral PbPb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV with the LHCb detector

Flow harmonic coefficients, v n , which are the key to studying the hydrodynamics of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in heavy-ion collisions, have been measured in various collision systems and kinematic regions and using various particle species. The study of flow harmonics in a wide pseudorapidity range is particularly valuable to understand the temperature dependence of the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio of the QGP. This paper presents the first LHCb results of the second- and the third-order flow harmonic coefficients of charged hadrons as a function of transverse momentum in the forward region, corresponding to pseudorapidities between 2.0 and 4.9, using the data collected from PbPb collisions in 2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV . The coefficients measured using the two-particle angular correlation analysis method are smaller than the central-pseudorapidity measurements at ALICE and ATLAS from the same collision system but share similar features

Research on the Coupling and Coordination of Systems of Citizenization, Regional Economy, and Public Service in China from the Perspective of Sustainable Development

Based on the perspective of sustainable development, this paper introduces the circular economy dimension into the economic system, the ecological environmental protection dimension into the public service system, and constructs index evaluation systems for citizenization, regional economy, and public service, respectively. Then, the paper establishes a coupling coordination model to study the mutual relationship between citizenization, regional economy, and public service at provincial levels, so as to promote the sustainable development of population, economic society, and resource environment. The main research conclusions are as follows: (1) the level of citizenization is generally low, and the dimensions of income and social security are weak; (2) the development trend of circular economy in the eastern regions is better than that in other regions; (3) the “Citizenization, Regional Economy, Public Service” System has an overall low coupling and coordination degree and it shows a trend of “high in the east and low in the west”; (4) the contradictory characteristics between the systems vary greatly by province. Most of the provinces’ systems of the regional economy and public service lag behind their citizenization and some developed provinces have a lag in their citizenization systems. In order to promote a high-quality coordinated development between the systems of citizenization, regional economy, and public service, a sustainable development path that adapts to local conditions must be sought. It should focus on improving the social security level of rural-to-urban migrants, establishing a circular economy, and strengthening the construction of an ecological environment

Research on the Coupling and Coordination of Systems of Citizenization, Regional Economy, and Public Service in China from the Perspective of Sustainable Development

Based on the perspective of sustainable development, this paper introduces the circular economy dimension into the economic system, the ecological environmental protection dimension into the public service system, and constructs index evaluation systems for citizenization, regional economy, and public service, respectively. Then, the paper establishes a coupling coordination model to study the mutual relationship between citizenization, regional economy, and public service at provincial levels, so as to promote the sustainable development of population, economic society, and resource environment. The main research conclusions are as follows: (1) the level of citizenization is generally low, and the dimensions of income and social security are weak; (2) the development trend of circular economy in the eastern regions is better than that in other regions; (3) the “Citizenization, Regional Economy, Public Service” System has an overall low coupling and coordination degree and it shows a trend of “high in the east and low in the west”; (4) the contradictory characteristics between the systems vary greatly by province. Most of the provinces’ systems of the regional economy and public service lag behind their citizenization and some developed provinces have a lag in their citizenization systems. In order to promote a high-quality coordinated development between the systems of citizenization, regional economy, and public service, a sustainable development path that adapts to local conditions must be sought. It should focus on improving the social security level of rural-to-urban migrants, establishing a circular economy, and strengthening the construction of an ecological environment

RF Thermal Plasma Synthesis of Ultrafine ZrB2-ZrC Composite Powders

Ultrafine ZrB2-ZrC composite powders were synthesized via a radiofrequency (RF) thermal plasma process. Numerical simulation and thermodynamic analysis were conducted to predict the synthesis process, and experimental work was performed accordingly to demonstrate its feasibility. The as-prepared samples were characterized by XRD, FESEM, particle size analyzer, nitrogen/oxygen analyzer, Hall flowmeter, and the Brunner-Emmet-Teller (BET) measurements. The thermodynamic analysis indicated that ZrB2 was preferentially generated, rather than ZrC, and numerical simulation revealed that the solid raw materials could disperse well in the gaseous reactants, and experimental work showed that free carbon particles were easily removed from the products and the elements of Zr, B, C, and O exhibited a uniform distribution. Finally, ZrB2-ZrC composite powders with a particle size of about 100 nm were obtained, the surface area of which was 32.15 m(2)/g and the apparent density was 0.57 g/cm(3)