Хірургічна тактика при закритій абдомінальній травмі з пошкодженням брижі тонкого кишечника

Хірургічна тактика при закритій абдомінальній травмі зпошкодженням брижі тонкого кишечник

R-Functions and WA-Systems of Functions in Modern Information Technologies

The review report consists of five parts. It describes the main physical applications of atomic, WA-systems and R-functions

Divers’ infectious pathologies in severe climate

Objective: to improve the methodology of timely functional body’s reserves assessment, to reduce the probability of an infectious disease in divers during the training and competition period in the countries with severe climate. Materials and methods: We performed the mathematical and statistical analysis of the examination data and the frequency of infectious diseases in 2018-2019 in 47 male divers (mean age 30,5±3,56). Th e study involved volumetric compression oscillometry (VKO) and heart rate variability (HRV). Results: in the volumetric compression oscillometry and heart rate variability analysis, we determined the most signifi cant (p<0,05) signs (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean hemodynamic and lateral arterial pressure, energy consumption for the movement of one liter of blood, total and specifi c peripheral vascular resistance, root mean square deviation, square root of the sum of the diff erences in a series of cardio intervals, Max-Min diff erence, Max / Min ratio, mode 50 amplitude, mode 7,8 amplitude and stress index of regulatory systems). Th ese signs enable timely evaluation of the divers’ functional state indicating a premorbid or critical health level. Th e study fi ndings allow prediction of probable health complications. Conclusions: regular health monitoring enables the timely diagnosis of the adaptive mechanism disorders associated with decreased antiviral and antimicrobial resistance of divers. Th e methodology for the body functional state evaluation is proposed which has high diagnostic value and is based on the VKO and HRV assessment. Th e methodology of the integrated assessment for extreme and critical conditions has a close correlation (p˂0,05; r˃0,70) with acute infectious diseases

Psychological targets in elite athletes’ rehabilitation

Inability to participate in competitions due to injury is a temporary disability of an athlete, which can be the reason for the exacerbation of stress and neurosis. The article summarizes the ten-year experience of a psychologist in the rehabilitation of athletes. For the first time the factors of the directed psychological support in sports rehabilitation are formulated, the purpose of psychological support of rehabilitation of the athlete - psychological readiness for continuation of sports career is formed. The “targets” of corrective work for the sports medicine psychologist at the stage of rehabilitation of the athlete after trauma are singled out and defined

Using heart rate variability to determine individual resistance to the hyperbaric oxygen toxicity

Objective: assessment of the resistance of the body of athletes-divers to the hyperbaric oxygen toxicity on indicators of the heart rate variability (HRV). Materials and methods. The study involved 38 healthy athletes-divers aged 23 to 32 years. Before the session of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO), the test subject was measured the blood pressure and pulse by the method of oscillometry while he was sitting at rest, after which a five-minute recording of HRV in sitting position at rest was made. After that, the two test subjects were placed together, sitting with a physician in a pressure (decompression) chamber, where an absolute pressure of 0.25 MPa was created. The test subjects were given 100 % medical oxygen to breathe, their pulse and blood pressure were measured every 15 minutes, and their cardiac output (CO) was calculated by the Starr formula. When there was an increasing tendency of the CO, and also after 75 minutes of oxygen breathing, the test subjects were taken out of the pressure chamber. Immediately after leaving the pressure chamber, the HRV of the test subjects was recorded. According to the results of measurement of hemodynamic parameters, the test subjects were divided into 3 groups. The first group — unstable, whose CO began to increase in the first 45 minutes of HBO, the second group included those whose CO began to increase from 46 to 75 minutes, the third group included test subjects whose CO did not increase. Results. HRV analysis showed the most significant reliable (p < 0.001) VLF spectrum power (ms2) and relative VLF power (%), as well as Alpha 2 after HBO in the first group of test subjects (unstable) compared to the initial parameters and other groups, which reflects the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and suprasegmental structures of the brain. The essence of changes in the HRV time domain indicators (decrease in SNS index, pNN50 (%), PNS index) confirms the presence of pronounced sympathicotonia in the first group. Conclusions: the three most significant metrics (VLF (ms2), VLF (%) and Alpha 2) were determined with high confidence (p < 0.001), which have a moderate negative correlation (–0.70 < r < –0.30) with the level of divers’ resistance to the to the hyperbaric oxygen toxicity. Observations of athletes with high stability showed that they were characterized by changes in hemodynamics of the vagotonic type, while unstable ones were characterized by the sympathicotonic type of regulation. Evaluation of the results showed amoderate correlation between HRV and symptom of oxygen toxicity on divers and is recommended for a reliable (p < 0.05) diagnosis

The therapeutic effect of antidisbiotic means on the mucous sheath of rats digestive tract, obtaining peroxidized sunflower oil

Aim: Determine the therapeutic effect of antidysbiosis agents (ADA) on the condition of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract when consumed per-oxidized sunflower oil (PSO). Materials and Methods: Rats were fed 4 g / kg of PSO for 75 days. From the 31st day, they were administered one of the following ADA with 300 mg / kg of food: kvertulin (quercetin + inulin + calcium citrate), lekvin (lecithin + kvertulin) and lysozyme-forte (lysozyme + quercetin + inulin + gelatin + calcium citrate). The activity of elastase, urease, lysozyme, catalase and the content of MDA were determined in the homogenates of the mucous cheeks, small and large intestine. The ratio of catalase activity and the content of MDA was calculated by the API index, and the ratio of the relative activities of urease and lysozyme - the degree of dysbiosis. Results: The consumption of PSO in rats in the mucous membranes of the digestive tract increases the activity of elastase, urease, MDA content and the degree of dysbiosis while reducing the activity of lysozyme, catalase and the API index. In rats treated with ADA, the activity of elastase, urease, MDA content, and the degree of dysbiosis decrease, but the activity of lysozyme and catalase increase. Conclusion: Peroxide intoxication causes the development of mucositis, which can be prevented by antidysbiosis agents

Pilot study on the evaluation of the effectiveness of psychocorrection methods that include EEG-training and VR headset in athletes involved in extreme kinds of sports

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of psychocorrection based on the methods of self­regulation in athletes.Materials and methods: the effectiveness was evaluated on 104 male athletes who had an optimal level of psychoemotional state of the body during a background examination by electroencephalography (EEG). The subjects were randomly assigned to three groups of psychocorrection: control, EEGtraining, and VR­therapy. Mathematical and statistical processing was carried out in Statistica 7.Results: the average values of the wave intensity index (WII) after psychological correction using the following methods: EEG­training and VRtherapy showed positive EEG dynamics in athletes of the second group (EEG­training) 65,6 % (21) and the third group (Vr­therapy) 73,8 % (31) of the subjects, respectively. Whereas in the control group, self­healing was recorded in 9 (30 %) athletes without psychocorrection procedures.Conclusion: the quantitative criterion of WII is a universal informative indicator of the functional activity of the brain for evaluating the effectiveness of psychocorrection aimed at optimizing the psychoemotional state. Psychocorrection of athletes using EEG­training and VR­therapy provides efficiency in 73.8 and 65.6 % of cases, which significantly softens pre­start tension as a result of reducing anxiety and restoring the psychoemotional state of the body to an optimal level by involving the psychological reserve

Nonstandard situation in transplantation in polycystic kidney

Трансплантология относится к сложным разделам медицины в связи с не до конца решенными медицинскими, социальными и морально-правовыми проблемами. В Украине пересадка почки осуществляется в основном от близкородственных доноров. Несмотря на тщательно продуманную и проводимую пред-, интра- и послеоперационную тактику ведения пациентов, встречаются непредвиденные осложнения, требующие нестандартного решения. Цель нашего сообщения – показать на примере клинического наблюдения нестандартный подход при выборе алгоритма лечебной тактики у данной категории больных