Orthoptic status before and immediately after heroin detoxification

Aim: To determine whether changes in orthoptic status take place during withdrawal from heroin and/or methadone. Method: A prospective study of patients, using a repeated measures design, attending a 5 day naltrexone compressed opiate detoxification programme. Results: 83 patients were seen before detoxification (mean age 27.1 (SD 4.6) years) and 69 after detoxification. The horizontal angle of deviation became less exo/more eso at distance (p<0.001) but no significant change was found at near (p = 0.069). Stereoacuity, visual acuity, and convergence were found to be reduced in the immediate post-detoxification period. Prism fusion range, refractive error, subjective accommodation, and objective accommodation at 33 cm did not reduce but a small decrease was found in objective accommodation at 20 cm. Conclusions: The eso trend found in these patients may be responsible for the development of acute concomitant esotropia in some patients undergoing heroin detoxification. However, the mechanism for this trend does not appear to be caused by divergence insufficiency or sixth nerve palsy

Space suit

A pressure suit for high altitude flights, particularly space missions is reported. The suit is designed for astronauts in the Apollo space program and may be worn both inside and outside a space vehicle, as well as on the lunar surface. It comprises an integrated assembly of inner comfort liner, intermediate pressure garment, and outer thermal protective garment with removable helmet, and gloves. The pressure garment comprises an inner convoluted sealing bladder and outer fabric restraint to which are attached a plurality of cable restraint assemblies. It provides versitility in combination with improved sealing and increased mobility for internal pressures suitable for life support in the near vacuum of outer space

The aerobraking space transfer vehicle

With the advent of the Space Station and the proposed Geosynchronous Operation Support Center (GeoShack) in the early 21st century, the need for a cost effective, reusable orbital transport vehicle has arisen. This transport vehicle will be used in conjunction with the Space Shuttle, the Space Station, and GeoShack. The vehicle will transfer mission crew and payloads between low earth and geosynchronous orbits with minimal cost. Recent technological advances in thermal protection systems such as those employed in the Space Shuttle have made it possible to incorporate and aerobrake on the transfer vehicle to further reduce transport costs. The research and final design configuration of the aerospace senior design team from VPISU, working in conjunction with NASA, are presented. The topic of aerobraking and focuses on the evolution of an Aerobraking Space Transfer Vehicle (ASTV), is addressed

The Relationship of Psychology and Music

This paper discusses the relationship between psychology and music, examining some of the foundational research in the field, and looks at some of the historical context surrounding the psychological study of music and of music theory. The goal of this project is to use my experience as a performing musician and psychology student to emphasize the importance of furthering research into the psychology of music

Transportation and Tourism in the Adirondack Park: How the historical development of transportation and tourism shaped the culture of the Adirondacks

This paper studies the history of how transportation and tourism affected the culture of the Adirondack Park and its full-time residents as well as how tourism in the park affects permanent park residents and seasonal residents/visitors differently

Exploring Language Construction and the Meaning of “Success” in Addiction Recovery Settings

The number of drug overdose deaths has spiked in recent years, currently at a rate where 142 Americans die from opioid overdose every day (Goodnough 2017). This public health crisis has been framed as an epidemic, and this collective understanding may shape the way individuals and communities experience this tragedy. Few studies, however, have examined how the term success is defined in addiction recovery settings. To investigate language regarding what successful addiction recovery means, this research examined framing strategies in two recovery models, cognitive behavior therapy and shamanic therapeutic mechanisms, and connected them to the practices being employed by practitioners of each method. Further, my study gathered data and analyzed results by comparing and contrasting key terms used in a content analysis and 10 in-depth interviews with practitioners. Results are discussed in light of medicinal practices used and provide a theoretical angle that emphasizes conceptualization and constructionism within systems of beliefs and values (Snow 2008) while focusing specifically on words and terms used in the settings. The language use constructing individuals’ experiences resulted in a greater understanding of the addiction recovery methods helps bridge the gaps between the models and uncovers overarching similarities used in addiction treatment. Through analysis of the various findings, the reader can gain a better understanding of why language in addiction recovery settings matter and ultimately aid in addiction recovery success. Future research should look at whether both models achieve equal success rates and if so, why they are being treated differently by the professional community. The framing processes show us the setting in which one seeks recovery may influence the way terms around success are constructed and an individual’s internal belief system about what successful recovery means

Controlling Carbon: A Study of National and Regional Emissions Trading Systems

The release of carbon and other chemicals into the atmosphere is a growing environmental problem. The use of carbon-based processes is at an all-time high with the continued growth in carbon-fueled transportation, electric power generation and other carbon-intensive industrial processes. With climate change increasingly threatening the daily lives of Earth\u27s population, many countries are beginning to take steps to reduce their impact on the Earth and its climate. Over the last decade, carbon markets have been established in 18 countries worldwide. While all of these emissions trading systems have similarities, each also has some unique traits, including differences in allowance prices, strategies for allowance allocation, size, and linkages to other regional systems. This research compares four specific emissions trading systems: New Zealand, the European Union, and two in the United States, weighing the successes and failures within each system and assessing the characteristics of an ideal system that could serve as a global emissions trading system

Exploring School Employee Physical Activity Behaviors and Perceptions

Employee involvement in physical activity (PA) while at school has been understudied and is relatively unknown (Chen & Gu, 2018; Hunt & Metzler, 2017). The purposes of this dissertation study were to (a) describe school employees’ PA behaviors while at school, and (b) explore school employees’ perceptions of the feasibility of school employee PA interventions found to be effective in published research. An explanatory sequential mixed methods design was used to collect school employee self-reported PA behaviors and district/school demographic information via an electronic survey from 488 school employees in northern Colorado. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney U test, and multiple linear regressions to assess how employees’ PA levels while at school varied by employee or district/school demographic variables. From the quantitative sample, a subsample of eight participants were stratified into a low PA group (n = 4) and a mod-high PA group (n = 4) to participate in individual interviews to explore school employees’ perceptions of: (a) PA while at school, and (b) the feasibility of school employee PA interventions found to be effective in published research. Qualitative data were analyzed within and across groups using the constant comparison method. The quantitative data revealed (a) males were more active than females, (b) specials teachers were more active than general education classroom teachers, (c) age negatively predicted physical activity, (d) employees in rural school districts were more active than those in suburban districts, and (e) employees who had an employee wellness program were more active than those without an employee wellness program. There were no significant results for years of full-time experience, level of instruction, highest degree earned, or district free/reduced lunch percentage. The qualitative data revealed (a) employees perceived a lack of time as a barrier to their PA while at school; (b) employees recognized the importance of PA for their physical, mental, and work-related health; (c) the presence of a PA support system was needed for employee PA in the form of a wellness program or committee, administrative support, coworker support, and on-campus facilities for PA but low PA participants lacked a wellness program or committee and coworker support; and (d) employees identified facilitative strategies and implementation skills to overcome barriers to be physically active while at school in the low PA group but not in the mod-high PA group. In conclusion, school employees were interested in and valued PA but faced challenges with fitting it in while at school. Future work is needed to identify strategies and interventions for school employees to be active during the workday. Increasing PA levels of school employees could have implications for their daily health and wellness and contribute to the multicomponent implementation of comprehensive school physical activity programs

Three Learning Contexts as Paths to Preservice Instrumental Music Teachers\u27 Score Analysis, Rehearsal Planning, and Instructional Readiness: An Exploratory Study in Professional Development

Despite an abundance of evidence-based research pointing to the effectiveness of long-term teacher professional development (PD) (Darling-Hammond, Hyler & Gardner, 2017; Desimone, 2009), instrumental music teachers who seek to improve their teaching practices are limited to and often prefer short-term PD opportunities (Bauer, 2007; West, 2020). In recent years, a growing knowledge base focused on music teacher PD has given attention to long-term, content-based and collaborative music PD (Conway, 2015; Kastner, 2014; Stanley, Snell & Edgar, 2014) while a dearth of evidence-based research exists on short-term music PD (Bauer, 2007; West, 2020). The purpose of this collective case study was to examine short-term professional development through participants’ experiences at a professional development workshop designed to introduce and guide implementation of an approach to teaching beginning band, unfamiliar to the participants. Three short-term professional development learning contexts (self-study through reading, self-study through observation, and group collaboration) anchored the study and served as single case studies. Nine preservice instrumental music teachers—three in each cohort—attended a one-day workshop designed to deliver instruction through one of the three learning contexts. Each cohort demonstrated the ability to apply aspects of the PD content to teaching practice and expressed positive beliefs about the PD encounter. By the end of the workshop, the reading and collaboration cohorts were positioned to begin applying the approach to teaching practice while the observation cohort was still developing their understanding of the approach. Analysis revealed seven themes centered around—instructional goals, engaging learners, pedagogical shift, misunderstandings, self-efficacy, interest/value and attitude. Considered collectively, they show participants exhibiting aspects of pedagogical content knowledge and shared beliefs about their PD experience. This study brings forth a more nuanced understanding of short-term PD. Findings, herein, contribute to the knowledge base by suggesting the potential for effective short-term PD formats and offering recommendations for improvement. It is imperative that music education continue to build an evidence-based foundation related to the professional growth of music teachers. Future research on short-term music teacher PD should involve in-service teachers, include learner outcomes, and examine teachers as self-regulated learners beyond the PD encounter