zfit: scalable pythonic fitting

Statistical modeling is a key element in many scientific fields and especially in High-Energy Physics (HEP) analysis. The standard framework to perform this task in HEP is the C++ ROOT/RooFit toolkit; with Python bindings that are only loosely integrated into the scientific Python ecosystem. In this paper, zfit, a new alternative to RooFit written in pure Python, is presented. Most of all, zfit provides a well defined high-level API and workflow for advanced model building and fitting, together with an implementation on top of TensorFlow, allowing a transparent usage of CPUs and GPUs. It is designed to be extendable in a very simple fashion, allowing the usage of cutting-edge developments from the scientific Python ecosystem in a transparent way. The main features of zfit are introduced, and its extension to data analysis, especially in the context of HEP experiments, is discussed.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure

Measuring the Environmental Footprint of Leather Processing Technologies

Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

How to Enhance Sustainability through Technology Usage: An Analysis of Managerial Capabilities and Gender in the Tourism Sector

New technologies are enabling not only ever-increasing levels of production efficiency but also socially and environmentally sustainable development. Although sustainability is a multidisciplinary and multi-sectoral concept, many studies have shown that technology is a significant component. However, both sustainability and the impact of technology use on sustainability ultimately depend on one crucial element: people. Therefore, in this article, as well as analysing the impact of technology use on the sustainability of an organisation, we examine two additional factors that may influence its sustainability: gender and managerial capabilities. Specifically, this paper aims to study the effects of technology on sustainability, focusing on the social dimension of sustainability and on an analysis of how gender and managerial capabilities moderate said relationship. To do so, we carried out a regression analysis on a sample of 195 Spanish hotels with between 3 and 5 stars. The results indicate that managerial capabilities are essential for harnessing technology and that women and men take advantage of its possibilities in different ways

Geothermometry, ore geochemistry and fluid flow in the Esperanza Vein, Huachocolpa District (Huancavelica, Peru)

The Esperanza Zn-Pb-Ag vein, owned by Compañía de Minas Buenaventura S.A.A., lies over 4000 to 4650 masl in the Western Cordillera of the Peruvian Central Andes. The Esperanza low sulphidation epithermal vein trends ~E-W along 1500 m; it dips to the South and can be followed to 350 m depth. As other veins of the district, like Teresita and Bienaventurada, it is hosted by intermediate to felsic volcanics (andesitic to dacitic compositions) of the Huachocolpa Group (Middle Miocene to Upper Pliocene). The mineralisation occurs mostly as open space filling related to fracture development during the Quechua III deformational event. Main ore minerals are sphalerite, galena, tetrahedrite, pyrite, chalcopyrite and Ag and Pb sulfosalts; quartz, barite and calcite are the main gangue minerals. Current production grades are ~5% Zn, ~8Oz/t Ag, ~3% Pb; usually very low Cu (mean ~0.04%)

Diseño y optimización para plataformas de un dron multirrotor

El objeto principal del proyecto es el diseño y la optimización de la estructura de un dron disminuyendo su peso para aumentar el tiempo de vuelo o la carga de pago. Este proyecto se centra en el diseño y optimización de la estructura de un dron multirrotor fabricado mediante impresión 3D. El dron será del tipo hexacóptero y tendrá la capacidad de mantener en el aire una carga de 6kg en régimen estacionario.Ingeniería Mecánic

O digital e o regional na teoria da tectônica : um estudo de adaptação dos processos formativos da tectônica digital aos contextos regionais

Este estudo visa a compreensão da reprodução de características culturais regionais próprias da construção vernacular perpetuados através do emprego das tecnologias digitais na produção de elementos tectônicos contemporâneos. A partir de uma revisão narrativa de literatura acerca da teoria da tectônica, identificaram-se tanto os fatores indutores do "caráter local" na tectônica, bem como os elementos formativos próprios da tectônica digital - baseados na morfogênese digital - a partir dos quais foi possível compreender como os mesmos podem interagir na formação de elementos tectônicos contemporâneos, produzidos através das tecnologias digitais, do design digital e da fabricação digital, e identificados com características regionais. A partir dessa compreensão, foram apresentadas estratégias de design que reproduzem essa integração entre o digital e o regional, demonstrando como os processos formativos da morfogênese digital podem ser orientados por parâmetros culturais, resultando em explorações tectônicas representativas da associação entre o estado da arte tecnológico e aspectos simbólicos culturais.This study aims to understand the reproduction of regional cultural characteristics, typical of vernacular construction, through the production of contemporary tectonic elements by the aid of digital technologies. From a narrative literature review on the tectonics theory, both factors inducing the "local character" in tectonics, as well as the formative elements of digital tectonics, were identified. This made possible the understanding the relationship of both factors in the formation of contemporary tectonic elements, produced through the digital technologies of digital design and digital fabrication, and regarding regional characteristics. From this understanding, some design strategies that reproduce this integration between digital and regional were demonstrated, showing how the formative processes of digital tectonics, "digital morphogenesis", can be guided by cultural parameters, resulting in tectonic explorations representing an association between state of the art and technology and symbolic cultural aspects

Susceptibility of different leukocyte cell types to Vaccinia virus infection

BACKGROUND: Vaccinia virus, the prototype member of the family Poxviridae, was used extensively in the past as the Smallpox vaccine, and is currently considered as a candidate vector for new recombinant vaccines. Vaccinia virus has a wide host range, and is known to infect cultures of a variety of cell lines of mammalian origin. However, little is known about the virus tropism in human leukocyte populations. We report here that various cell types within leukocyte populations have widely different susceptibility to infection with vaccinia virus. RESULTS: We have investigated the ability of vaccinia virus to infect human PBLs by using virus recombinants expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP), and monoclonal antibodies specific for PBL subpopulations. Flow cytometry allowed the identification of infected cells within the PBL mixture 1–5 hours after infection. Antibody labeling revealed that different cell populations had very different infection rates. Monocytes showed the highest percentage of infected cells, followed by B lymphocytes and NK cells. In contrast to those cell types, the rate of infection of T lymphocytes was low. Comparison of vaccinia virus strains WR and MVA showed that both strains infected efficiently the monocyte population, although producing different expression levels. Our results suggest that MVA was less efficient than WR in infecting NK cells and B lymphocytes. Overall, both WR and MVA consistently showed a strong preference for the infection of non-T cells. CONCLUSIONS: When infecting fresh human PBL preparations, vaccinia virus showed a strong bias towards the infection of monocytes, followed by B lymphocytes and NK cells. In contrast, very poor infection of T lymphocytes was detected. These finding may have important implications both in our understanding of poxvirus pathogenesis and in the development of improved smallpox vaccines

Investigación de los controles geológicos de la mineralización en Veta Esperanza (Huchocolpa, Perú)

RESUMEN Este proyecto se refiere a estudios de alteraciones, menas y gangas, geoquímicos, estructurales y microtermométricos de la veta Esperanza. La veta Esperanza es un yacimiento epitermal de baja sulfuración, actualmente en explotación en el distrito de Huachocolpa, Perú. La mineralización está compuesta por esfalerita, galena, tetrahedrita, calcopirita y otros sulfuros y sulfosales en ganga de cuarzo, barita y carbonatos en una estructura E – W de corrida 1500 m y profundidad 350 m sin control estructural aparente para la deposición de los minerales. Estudios de inclusiones fluidas indican que los fluidos mineralizantes eran moderadamente salinos (5 % a 7 % eq. NaCl), de temperatura baja (250 ºC a 300 ºC), con procesos de ebullición a 350 m de profundidad, que favoreció la deposición. Las observaciones tanto macroscópicas como microscópicas de minerales, los estudios de distribución de leyes y especialmente los cocientes metálicos están conformes con las medidas microtermométricas, indicando un ascenso de fluidos desde el oeste y a su vez desde el este. El estudio de cocientes metálicos con el cobre indican una lixiviación por aguas meteóricas que han percolado por la estructura creando minerales de neoformación como la changoita, un raro sulfato de zinc, que se ha hallado en el curso de este trabajo en la veta Esperanza como segundo yacimiento en el mundo. ABSTRACT This project is about wallrock alterations, ore and gangue mineralogy, geochemical, structural and microthermometric studies of the Esperanza vein. The Esperanza vein is a low sulphidation epithermal deposit, actually mined in the District of Huachocolpa, Peru. The mineralization consists of sphalerite, galena, tetrahedrite, chalcopyrite and other sulphides and sulfosalts associated with a gangue which consists on quartz, barite and carbonate. This vein is 1500 m long and 350 m deep, is orientated E – W and strikes to the South, but no structural control over the deposition of ore has been detected. Fluid inclusion studies indicate that fluids were moderately saline (5% to 7% weight eq. NaCl) with low temperature (250 ºC to 300 ºC) and suffered from boiling processes at 350 m deep, which favoured the deposition of ore. Both macroscopic and microscopic studies, ore grade distribution studies and especially metal ratios are consistent with microthermometric measures, indicating fluids coming from depth, especially from the West side. Metal ratios considering copper also indicate meteoric waters which are leaching several metals from above. These fluids also created new minerals as changoite, a rare zinc sulphate, which was discovered only in one place around the World and now the Esperanza vein is the second known place for this mineral