Inferência bayesiana para o ajuste de curvas do acúmulo de matéria seca em plantas de alho

The objective of this work was to identify nonlinear regression models that best describe dry matter accumulation curves over time, in garlic (Allium sativum) accessions, using Bayesian and frequentist approaches. Multivariate cluster analyses were made to group similar accessions according to the estimates of the parameters with biological interpretation (β1 and β3). In order to verify if the obtained groups were equal, statistical tests were applied to assess the parameter equality of the representative curves of each group. Thirty garlic accessions were used, which are kept by the vegetable germplasm bank of Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil. The logistic model was the one that fit best to data in both approaches. Parameter estimates of this model were subjected to the cluster analysis using Ward’s algorithm, and the generalized Mahalanobis distance was used as a measure of dissimilarity. The optimal number of groups, according to the Mojena method, was three and four, for the frequentist and Bayesian approaches, respectively. Hypothesis tests for the parameter equality from estimated curves, for each identified group, indicated that both approaches highlight the differences between the accessions identified in the cluster analysis. Therefore, both approaches are recommended for this kind of study.O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar modelos de regressão não linear que melhor descrevam curvas de acúmulo de matéria seca em acessos de alho (Allium sativum), ao longo do tempo, com uso das abordagens bayesiana e frequentista. Análises de agrupamento multivariadas foram empregadas para agrupar acessos similares quanto às estimativas dos parâmetros das curvas com interpretação biológica (β1 e β3). Para verificar se os grupos formados eram iguais, aplicaram-se testes estatísticos para testar a igualdade de parâmetros das curvas representativas de cada grupo. Foram utilizados 30 acessos de alho, mantidos pelo Banco de Germoplasma de Hortaliças da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. O modelo logístico foi o que melhor se ajustou aos dados em ambas as abordagens. As estimativas dos parâmetros deste modelo foram submetidas à análise de agrupamento com o algoritmo de Ward, e a distância generalizada de Mahalanobis foi utilizada como medida de dissimilaridade. O número ótimo de grupos, de acordo com o método de Mojena, foi de três e quatro para as abordagens frequentista e bayesiana, respectivamente. Testes de hipótese quanto à igualdade de parâmetros das curvas estimadas, para cada grupo de acesso, indicaram que ambas as metodologias evidenciam as diferenças identificadas pela análise de agrupamento. Portanto, ambas as abordagens são indicadas para estudos desta natureza

Inferência bayesiana para o ajuste de curvas do acúmulo de matéria seca em plantas de alho

The objective of this work was to identify nonlinear regression models that best describe dry matter accumulation curves over time, in garlic (Allium sativum) accessions, using Bayesian and frequentist approaches. Multivariate cluster analyses were made to group similar accessions according to the estimates of the parameters with biological interpretation (β1 and β3). In order to verify if the obtained groups were equal, statistical tests were applied to assess the parameter equality of the representative curves of each group. Thirty garlic accessions were used, which are kept by the vegetable germplasm bank of Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil. The logistic model was the one that fit best to data in both approaches. Parameter estimates of this model were subjected to the cluster analysis using Ward’s algorithm, and the generalized Mahalanobis distance was used as a measure of dissimilarity. The optimal number of groups, according to the Mojena method, was three and four, for the frequentist and Bayesian approaches, respectively. Hypothesis tests for the parameter equality from estimated curves, for each identified group, indicated that both approaches highlight the differences between the accessions identified in the cluster analysis. Therefore, both approaches are recommended for this kind of study.O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar modelos de regressão não linear que melhor descrevam curvas de acúmulo de matéria seca em acessos de alho (Allium sativum), ao longo do tempo, com uso das abordagens bayesiana e frequentista. Análises de agrupamento multivariadas foram empregadas para agrupar acessos similares quanto às estimativas dos parâmetros das curvas com interpretação biológica (β1 e β3). Para verificar se os grupos formados eram iguais, aplicaram-se testes estatísticos para testar a igualdade de parâmetros das curvas representativas de cada grupo. Foram utilizados 30 acessos de alho, mantidos pelo Banco de Germoplasma de Hortaliças da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. O modelo logístico foi o que melhor se ajustou aos dados em ambas as abordagens. As estimativas dos parâmetros deste modelo foram submetidas à análise de agrupamento com o algoritmo de Ward, e a distância generalizada de Mahalanobis foi utilizada como medida de dissimilaridade. O número ótimo de grupos, de acordo com o método de Mojena, foi de três e quatro para as abordagens frequentista e bayesiana, respectivamente. Testes de hipótese quanto à igualdade de parâmetros das curvas estimadas, para cada grupo de acesso, indicaram que ambas as metodologias evidenciam as diferenças identificadas pela análise de agrupamento. Portanto, ambas as abordagens são indicadas para estudos desta natureza

Pressurized irrigation

En un área de aprox. 2 000 000 ha del sur de Córdoba (Argentina) se evaluaron los equipos de riego con el fin de conocer su funcionamiento, el grado de uniformidad con que trabajan y la eficiencia de riego lograda por los productores. Se realizaron 21 evaluaciones sobre equipos operando de acuerdo con la programación establecida por sus usuarios; 14 sobre pivote, una sobre avance lateral, 4 sobre enrolladores (3 de cañón y uno de baja presión) y 2 sobre side roll. Los parámetros de calidad de riego brindaron coeficiente medio de uniformidad = 81,4 %, con uniformidad de distribución = 73,23 %. En el 80 % de los casos, la lámina aplicada fluctuó entre 10 y 20 mm siendo su promedio = 17 mm. De los resultados se puede inferir que -en general- la superficie asignada a cada equipo es siempre mayor que su capacidad para realizar oportunamente una óptima reposición del agua al suelo y que, si bien los coeficientes de uniformidad y distribución del agua pueden considerarse aceptables, la programación del riego es mala en todos los establecimientos evaluados poniéndose de manifiesto en la baja eficiencia de almacenamiento y repercutiendo directamente sobre la producción de los cultivos regados.In approx. 2 000 000 ha in the South of Córdoba (Argentina) was evaluated the performance of the irrigation equipments, the way they are operated and employed, the degree of uniformity they work and the efficiency of irrigation obtained by the farmers. There were 21 evaluations of equipments operating according to the irrigation program established by the owners, 14 on pivots, 1 on lateral move, 4 rollers (3 for gun sprinkler and 1 with low pressure) and 2 side roll. The parameters of the quality of irrigation show values of uniformity coefficient of 81.4 % with a uniformity of distribution of 73.23 %. The 80 % of the cases present a applied depth between 10 and 20 mm with a average value of 17 mm. Based on the obtained values, it can be assumed that -in general- the surface assigned to each of the equipments, is always larger than its capacity to replace soil water adequately. Although the uniformity coefficient and water distribution can be considered acceptable, the most important aspect that highlights this study is the bad irrigation scheduling in all the evaluated farms, stated in the low efficiency of soil water storage that affects directly the production of the irrigated crops.Fil: Puiatti, Juan M. P..Fil: Crespi, Raúl Jesús.Fil: Rivetti, Ana Rosa

Nulidades prescritas no art. 59 do decreto nº 70.235/1972 (processo administrativo fiscal) e a jurisprudência do conselho de contribuintes

O presente trabalho analisa a invalidade do ato administrativo no âmbito do processo administrativo regulado pelo Decreto 70.235, de 06 de março de 1972, e alterações posteriores, especialmente as normas de nulidade, contidas no art.59 do diploma legal, e a interpretação destas pela jurisprudência do Conselho de Contribuinte do Ministério da Fazenda. Para tanto, inicia-se fazendo um apanhado das correntes doutrinárias sobre a invalidade do ato administrativo e suas espécies, bem como esta classificação vem a afetar a interpretação das nulidades do Processo Administrativo Fiscal regulado pelo Decreto 70.235/1972. Posteriormente, examina-se a interpretação jurisprudencial sobre as hipóteses de nulidade do processo administrativo fiscal. Por fim, chega-se à conclusão que as normas de nulidade do art.59 do Decreto 70.235/1972, e alterações posteriores, não admitem a anulabilidade do ato e não são restritivas/exaustivas, mas sim exemplificativas/enumerativas.30 páginasDireito. Legislação. Atos NormativosOrçamento e Finança

Arturo Cambous Ocampo. Teoría y técnica de la creación literaria; materiales para una estética del escritor. Ed. A. Peña Lillo. Buenos Aires. 1966. 348 p. 11 x 20 cm.

Fil: Puiatti de Gómez, Hilda. Universidad Nacional de Cuy

From creativity to value creation

In today’s world, globally interconnected, volatile, and characterized by a sky-rocketing complexity, significant and unprecedented interdisciplinary is required among various stakeholders to create resilient and innovative value chains. Within this compelling context, we focus on the new role that university-industry collaboration plays on a large scale in bridging the gap between idea generation and value creation to economy and society. A new way to promote attitude towards entrepreneurial leadership at an early stage among students and teachers is experienced by linking curricular and extracurricular teaching and contents, as well as by supporting voluntary learning “on demand” among students. Intertwined links are indeed possible within a nursery environment, so-called Entreprenursery, where students are encouraged to express their creativity, both by raising startup ideas and by solving companies’ technical and scientific issues. Entrepreneurial students are thus supported in their innovative ideas through collaboration with teachers, experts, entrepreneurs. They are also stimulated to engage other students to be part of an interdisciplinary team. Cooperation in supporting cross-fertilization of creative ideas will be fed by competencies, an openminded environment, and where diversity integration plays an important role. Only through different thinking is it possible to develop outstanding achievements. Coordination is guaranteed by a collaborative IT platform, which is also open to SMEs to facilitate them in involving entrepreneurial students. Within this new collaborative framework, all stakeholders will profit from reciprocal learning and creativity, increasing the entrepreneurial attitudes of students and teachers and thus accelerating the transfer of academic startup ideas into industrial applications and business opportunities

Temperatura e atmosfera modificada influenciam a qualidade do quiabo

Para o armazenamento do quiabo (Albelmoschus esculentus) há poucas informações disponíveis sobre a influência da temperatura e filmes plásticos na conservação pós-colheita desta hortaliça. Para investigar a influência da temperatura e do filme de PVC na qualidade e desenvolvimento de sintomas de injúria por frio de uma das mais populares cultivares brasileira de quiabo cv. Amarelinho, os frutos foram armazenados a 5, 10 e 25ºC. Os frutos foram colhidos no estádio de maturação comercial, com comprimento entre 8 e 12 cm, sendo então envoltos por uma camada de filme de PVC em bandeja de poliestireno expandido, seguido do armazenamento até o aparecimento de sintomas de deterioração ou murcha. A redução da temperatura de armazenamento de 25 para 10 ou 5ºC diminuiu a perda de massa nos frutos envoltos com PVC e dos frutos controle, com menor taxa a 5ºC. Ao reduzir a temperatura para 5 ou 10ºC e cobrir com filme de PVC, o conteúdo relativo de água foi mantido durante o armazenamento, porém a 25ºC a elevada perda de massa esteve associada a significante redução do conteúdo de água do pericarpo do fruto. O aparecimento de sintomas de injúria por frio foi retardado pela presença de filme de PVC nos frutos armazenados a 5ºC. No entanto a 10ºC, não foram detectados sintomas de degeneração associados à injúria por frio nos frutos envoltos com PVC ou controle até o décimo dia de armazenamento. A taxa de degradação de clorofila durante o armazenamento foi menor nos frutos mantidos nas temperaturas mais baixas e com filme PVC. O aparecimento de sintomas severos de injúria por frio a 5ºC relacionou-se com o menor conteúdo de clorofila dos frutos controle, quando comparado àqueles envoltos em filme de PVC.Little information is available on the influence of temperature on plastic films wrapped okra (Albelmoschus esculentus) for their postharvested conservation. This works investigated the influence of the temperature and PVC film on the development of chilling injury and storability from one of the most popular Brazilian cultivar of okra cv. Amarelinho in fruits stored at 5, 10ºC and at 25ºC. Fruits were harvest at commercial maturity stage with length ranging from 8 to 12 cm, and immediately wrapped in PVC over a polystyrene tray and than stored until visible deterioration or wilting symptoms. Lowering the temperature of storage room from 25 to 10 or 5ºC decreased the weight loss in both PVC wrapped and control fruits, with a lower rate at 5ºC. By reducing the temperature to 5 or 10ºC and wrapping the fruits in PVC film, the relative water content of the fruit pericarp was maintained throughout the storage, while at 25ºC the high weight loss was associated with significant reduction of the water content. The development of chilling symptoms was delayed by the presence of PVC film in fruits stored at 5ºC. However, at 10ºC symptoms of pitting were not developed in PVC wrapped or control fruits up to tenth day of storage. The rate of chlorophyll degradation was diminished by reducing the temperature and by wrapping the fruits with PVC film. The appearance of severe chilling symptoms at 5ºC was associated to less chlorophyll in the fruit pericarp on the control as compared to their content in the PVC wrapped fruits

Melanogenic inhibitory effects of Triangularin in B16F0 melanoma cells, in vitro and molecular docking studies

The lack of secure therapies for hyperpigmentation disorders, without serious adverse effects, and the latest reports relating melanogenic disorders with development of neurodegenerative diseases, encourage the continuing search for new drugs for the treatment of such disorders. In this sense, the plant kingdom is an important source of bioactive natural products with great potential for the research and development of new therapeutics. The present study evaluated the anti-melanogenic activity of the natural methoxylated chalcone, 2′,6′-dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-3′-methylchalcone (Triangularin, T), on diphenolase activity from mushroom tyrosinase and on murine B16F0 melanoma cell model. In addition, molecular modelling studies were carried out in order to understand the inhibitory activity observed. T showed a potent anti-melanogenic activity being more active than kojic acid (KA) on tyrosinase isolated of both sources and on intracellular tyrosinase. Molecular docking studies displayed important interactions between T and the active site of tyrosinase. Our results suggest that T may be useful for the treatment of hyperpigmentary disorders.Fil: Santi, María Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Peralta, Mariana Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Puiatti, Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Cabrera, Jose Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Ortega, María Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentin

A Raman, Sers and UV-Circular dichroism spectroscopic study of N-acetyl-L-Cisteine in aqueous solutions

The aim of this work is to evaluate the vibrational and structural properties of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC),and its molecular structure and electronic properties in relation to the action of thiol and amine groupsat different pH. Raman and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) spectra were measured inaqueous solution. The influence of an aqueous environment on the NAC spectra was simulated bymeans of an implicit (polarizable continuum model) method. SERS spectra indicate that the S atom isinteracting with the surface through the sulfur atom. One of the consequences of the interaction withthe surface is the deprotonation of the SH group, as revealed by the disappearance of the n(S?H) band.The calculations performed for the Ag?NAC complex confirm the experimental data obtained by SERS,where the S?Ag interaction is the most important. These results are very interesting when one canformulate the drug feasibility of NAC using silver nanoparticles as a carrier. Raman spectra were measuredto compare the behavior of different functional groups in the molecule, both in the solid phase and inaqueous solution at different pH. Apparent ionization constants (pK0 values) for the S?H group at highionic strengths were calculated from the intensity of the 2580 cm1 frequency as a function of pH. UVand circular dichroism spectra were also measured in aqueous solution at different pH. Finally, the studywas completed with natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis to determine the presence of hyper-conjugativeinteractions. It is important to observe the behavior of the C2?N bond with the delocalization effect; asthe pH increases the hyperconjugative interaction of this bond decreases in the same way as in the caseof nCN. The way in which the LP pO1 - s*C2?N interaction and nCN decrease is an inverse reflectionof the fractional ionization aSH.Fil: Cobos Picot, Rafael Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; ArgentinaFil: Puiatti, Marcelo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Ben Altabef, Aida. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; ArgentinaFil: Rubira, R. J.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho. Faculdade de Engenharia.; BrasilFil: Tuttolomondo, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; Argentin