Postprandial plasma amino acid and appetite responses with ingestion of a novel salmon-derived protein peptide in healthy young adults

This study assessed postprandial plasma aminoacidemia, glycemia, insulinemia and appetite responses to ingestion of a novel salmon-derived protein peptide (Salmon PP) compared with milk protein isolate (Milk PI). In a randomised, participant-blind crossover design, eleven healthy adults (M = 5, F = 6; mean ± sd age: 22 ± 3 years; BMI: 24 ± 3 kg/m2) ingested 0·3 g/kg/body mass of Salmon PP or Milk PI. Arterialised blood samples were collected whilst fasted and over a 240-min postprandial period. Appetite sensations were measured via visual analogue scales. An ad libitum buffet-style test meal was administered after each trial. The incremental AUC (iAUC) plasma essential amino acid (EAA) response was similar between Salmon PP and Milk PI. The iAUC plasma leucine response was significantly greater following Milk PI ingestion (P &lt; 0·001), whereas temporal and iAUC plasma total amino acid (P = 0·001), non-essential amino acid (P = 0·002), glycine (P = 0·0025) and hydroxyproline (P &lt; 0·001) responses were greater following Salmon PP ingestion. Plasma insulin increased similarly above post-absorptive values following Salmon PP and Milk PI ingestion, whilst plasma glucose was largely unaltered. Indices of appetite were similarly altered following Salmon PP and Milk PI ingestion, and total energy and macronutrient intake during the ad libitum meal was similar between Salmon PP and Milk PI. The postprandial plasma EAA, glycine, proline and hydroxyproline response to Salmon PP ingestion suggest this novel protein source could support muscle and possibly connective tissue adaptive remodelling, which warrants further investigation, particularly as the plasma leucine response to Salmon PP ingestion was inferior to Milk PI.</p

Early Mobilization for Critically Ill Adults in the Intensive Care Unit: An Evidence-Based Practice Project

The overall focus of each of case scenarios are related to assessment or interventions that are related to Choosing Wisely Campaign items 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10. Case scenarios were developed related to each initiative with clientele and conditions across the lifespan in various practice settings. Practice settings included school district, outpatient pediatric, primary care, skilled nursing facility, work rehabilitation, and acute care

A transcriptomic analysis of human centromeric and pericentric sequences in normal and tumor cells

Although there is now evidence that the expression of centromeric (CT) and pericentric (PCT) sequences are key players in major genomic functions, their transcriptional status in human cells is still poorly known. The main reason for this lack of data is the complexity and high level of polymorphism of these repeated sequences, which hampers straightforward analyses by available transcriptomic approaches. Here a transcriptomic macro-array dedicated to the analysis of CT and PCT expression is developed and validated in heat-shocked (HS) HeLa cells. For the first time, the expression status of CT and PCT sequences is analyzed in a series of normal and cancer human cells and tissues demonstrating that they are repressed in all normal tissues except in the testis, where PCT transcripts are found. Moreover, PCT sequences are specifically expressed in HS cells in a Heat-Shock Factor 1 (HSF1)-dependent fashion, and we show here that another independent pathway, involving DNA hypo-methylation, can also trigger their expression. Interestingly, CT and PCT were found illegitimately expressed in somatic cancer samples, whereas PCT were repressed in testis cancer, suggesting that the expression of CT and PCT sequences may represent a good indicator of epigenetic deregulations occurring in response to environmental changes or in cell transformation

Fault growth mechanisms and scaling properties in foreland basin system: The case study of Monte Alpi, Southern Apennines, Italy

International audienc

Dip azimuth and dip values data of the Monte Alpi fault network, 3D modelled fault surfaces of the Monte Alpi structural network and excel files related the fault throw and the displacement/length analyses

The Monte Alpi massif is made up of Mesozoic carbonates of the Inner Apulian Platform, and a mixed carbonate-terrigenous sedimentary succession representing the infill of a Messinian foreland basin system. The present work focuses on the comprehension of the growth mechanisms and dimensional properties of the pre-Pliocene Monte Alpi fault network by mean of integrated field and laboratory analyses. The field survey focuses on the exposed Messinian succession of Monte Alpi to assess its textural, compositional and overall stratigraphic properties, and on the structural characterization of the outcropping Early Cretaceous, Early Messinian, and Late Messinian syn-sedimentary faults. 3D geological reconstruction of the study area is then obtained, by mean of the Gocad software, on the basis of both surface and subsurface geological data. Both stratigraphic horizons and high-angle faults pertaining to the Monte Alpi Unit are built in the 3D geological model. As a result, detailed throw profiles are computed for each fault belonging to the Monte Alpi network. Subsequently, the dimensional properties of the individual faults are calculated. Data obtained after this work are discussed in terms of fault growth and timing of deformation, and reported in a conceptual model representing the tectonic evolution of the Messinian foreland basin system. Data suggest that the linkage of originally isolated fault segments took place during the earliest stages of foreland basin formation, whereas laterally restricted faults were active during its subsequent development. This deformation controlled half-graben depocenters that modified their orientation through time due to activity of an orthogonal fault system

Whole Goat Milk-Based Formula versus Whey-Based Cow Milk Formula: What Formula Do Infants Enjoy More?—A Feasibility, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

(1) Background: While goat milk formula (GMF) is an alternative to cow milk formula (CMF), infants’ preferences for one over the other have not been formally assessed. Specifically, our aim in this study was to determine whether infants experience fewer feeding behavior problems with whole milk-based GMF than with conventional whey-based CMF. (2) Methods: This was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial with two-arm parallel assignment conducted in six pediatricians’ offices in or near Paris, France, between June 2018 and 31 December 2021. Overall, 64 healthy infants (≤4 months old), predominantly formula-fed, were randomly assigned to either the whole milk-based GMF (n = 33) or whey-based CMF (n = 31) arm. Parents completed the Baby Eating Behavior Questionnaire (BEBQ) and the modified QUALIN questionnaire to evaluate infant feeding behavior and quality of life (psychomotor and socioemotional development), respectively, at inclusion (1 to 5 days before milk delivery) and the final visit (day 28 ± 3 after milk delivery). Informed consent was obtained for all recruited patients, and an ethical committee approved the study. (3) Results: Changes in BEBQ Enjoyment of Food and Slowness in Eating subscale scores from inclusion to final visit did not differ between arms. However, there were significant improvements in subscale scores for Food Responsiveness (GMF: 0.15 ± 1; CMF: −0.48 ± 0.81; p = 0.010) and General Appetite (GMF: 0.26 ± 1.2; CMF: −0.48 ± 0.88; p = 0.012), and modified QUALIN (GMF: 4.6 ± 9.4; CMF: −0.40 ± 7.6; p = 0.03) scores in favor of the GMF group. (4) Conclusions: In this double-blind, randomized controlled trial, GMF-fed infants exhibited a greater general appetite than CMF-fed infants, possibly due to differences in the composition of these formulas (i.e., protein and lipid profiles). In addition, GMF-fed infants enjoyed a better quality of life. There was no difference in food enjoyment between groups. These findings suggest that whole-milk-based GMF could be an attractive alternative to whey-based CMF. Clinical trial registration: NCT03488758 (clinicaltrials.gov)

Vulnerable children and their care quality issues: a descriptive analysis of a national database [Abstract]

Background Globally, two in five children are deemed vulnerable by virtue of their physical, psychological and social characteristics. These children are at increased risk of sub-optimal care and disproportionate levels of iatrogenic harm. There remains a paucity of literature describing initiatives for practice improvement for these children. Objectives Identify safety reports describing vulnerable children in the England and Wales National Reporting and Learning System (NRLS). Characterise reports in terms of what happened and reported causative issues, in order to identify key change concepts (drivers) and related interventions (change ideas) for improvement. Methods An operational definition of ‘vulnerability in children’, including key domains and related keywords (Appendix 1, 2), was empirically informed by a scoping review of the published and grey literature. Relevant reports were descriptively analysed. The free text of the four most frequent incident types (Pareto principle) was discussed by a multi-disciplinary team to identify key concepts for improvement. Results 2,015 reports were identified involving vulnerable children. The problem areas identified primarily resulted from a fragmentation of care services. This included inefficient transfer of information between primary care services; failure to operationalise care plans in practice; and inconsistent access to healthcare services. Reported causes are outlined in an Ishikawa diagram (figure 1) and summarized in the related driver diagram (figure 2) to mitigate problem areas. Conclusions Analysis of patient safety incident reports assisted in the pragmatic identification of key concepts for healthcare professionals to begin more informed discussions about improving the care delivered to vulnerable childre