Quantum Artificial Intelligence Supported Autonomous Truck Platooning

Truck platooning can potentially increase the operational efficiency of freight movement on U.S. corridors, improving commercial productivity and economic vibrancy. Predicting each leader vehicle trajectory in the autonomous truck platoon using Artificial Intelligence (AI) can enhance platoon efficiency and safety. Reliance on classical AI may not be efficient for this purpose as it will increase the computational burden for each truck in the platoon. However, Quantum Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be used in this scenario to enhance learning efficiency, learning capacity, and run-time improvements. This study developed and evaluated a Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM) model and a hybrid quantum-classical LSTM (QLSTM) for predicting the trajectory of each leader vehicle of an autonomous truck platoon. Both the LSTM and QLSTM provided comparable results. However, Quantum-AI is more efficient in real-time management for an automated truck platoon as it requires less computational burden. The QLSTM training required less data compared to LSTM. Moreover, QLSTM also used fewer parameters compared to classical LSTM. This study also evaluated an autonomous truck platoon\u27s operational efficacy and string stability with the prediction of trajectory from both classical LSTM and QLSTM using the Intelligent Driver Model (IDM). The platoon operating with LSTM and QLSTM trajectory prediction showed comparable operational efficiency. Moreover, the platoon operating with QLSTM trajectory prediction provided better string stability compared to LSTM

Role of Microcredit on the Education: A Study on NGOs in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is a pioneer of the conceptualizing micro-credit program. It has undertaken some such programs to reduce poverty and bring about socio-economic changes in the rural community. Among them, microcredit plays vital role in promoting education. So micro-credit is considered as vital tools to promote the education and reduce drop out. Presently Microfinance popularly known as micro-credit. Now there are many types of microcredit organizations, we can see throughout the country. The common micro-credit institutions are GB, BRAC, ASA. This study explores the role of micro credits on the education, who had acquired micro credits from different microcredit organizations. Primary research was carried out with the help of a major NGO’s who give loan for education. Two hundred in-depth personal interviews were conducted by the author Roy, I. and Biswas, P. from February to August 2015. Most of the developing countries like Bangladesh; people are poor especially in the rural areas people who are unable to send their children to school. Though Bangladesh Government provides some reading and writing materials to all level of students throughout the Bangladeshi students. But it is not sufficient, and it can’t motivate parents to send their children school. Because of the high cost of education parents are discouraged to educate their children. In such a situation some major microcredit institutions provide money for their children education who is the member of these institutions. They sometimes provide money without any condition or sometimes conditionally. Such major micro-credit organizations are GB, BRAC, and ASA. &nbsp

Role of Microcredit on the Education: A Study on NGOs in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is a pioneer of the conceptualizing micro-credit program. It has undertaken some such programs to reduce poverty and bring about socio-economic changes in the rural community. Among them, microcredit plays vital role in promoting education. So micro-credit is considered as vital tools to promote the education and reduce drop out. Presently Microfinance popularly known as micro-credit. Now there are many types of microcredit organizations, we can see throughout the country. The common micro-credit institutions are GB, BRAC, ASA. This study explores the role of micro credits on the education, who had acquired micro credits from different microcredit organizations. Primary research was carried out with the help of a major NGO’s who give loan for education. Two hundred in-depth personal interviews were conducted by the author Roy, I. and Biswas, P. from February to August 2015. Most of the developing countries like Bangladesh; people are poor especially in the rural areas people who are unable to send their children to school. Though Bangladesh Government provides some reading and writing materials to all level of students throughout the Bangladeshi students. But it is not sufficient, and it can’t motivate parents to send their children school. Because of the high cost of education parents are discouraged to educate their children. In such a situation some major microcredit institutions provide money for their children education who is the member of these institutions. They sometimes provide money without any condition or sometimes conditionally. Such major micro-credit organizations are GB, BRAC, and ASA

Computational modelling on MHD radiative sisko nanofluids flow through a nonlinearly stretching sheet

The boundary layer phenomena for Sisko-nano fluid flow is being observed with the effect of MHD and thermal radiation on a non-linear stretched surface. For developing a fundamental flow model, a boundary layer approximation is done, which represents time subservient momentum, concentration and energy equations. By taking the assistance of Compaq Visual Fortran, the fundamental equations are analysed by imposing a finite difference scheme explicitly. A stability and convergence study is also exhibited, and the ongoing investigation is found converged for Lewis number, Le >= 0.161 and Prandtl number, Pr >= 0.668. The impression of Sisko fluid parameter (A1, A2) along with diversified appropriate parameters is depicted in various flow fields. However, the developed visualisation of fluid flow is also depicted through streamlines and isotherms

Hydrodynamic stability and heat and mass transfer flow analysis of MHD radiative fourth-grade fluid through porous plate with chemical reaction

Present report intends to analyse heat and mass transfer characteristics of naturally convective hydromagnetic flow of fourth-grade radiative fluid resulting from vertical porous plate. The impression of non-linear order chemical reaction and heat generation with thermal diffusion are also considered. The coupled fundamental equations are transformed into a dimensionless arrangement by implementing finite difference scheme explicitly. After initiating the stability test, the governing equations are converged for Prandtl number, Pr ≥ 0.43 and Schmidt number, Sc ≥ 0.168. The impact of dimensionless second, third and fourth-grade parameters with diversified physical parameters are being exhibited graphically on different flow fields. An interesting fact is observed that as the grade of fluid develops it starts to diminish the velocity fields, but a complete opposite scenario is examined for temperature fields. In addition, for advanced visualisation, the impression of thermal radiation is being observed through streamlines and isothermal lines. In which, the respective parameter upsurges the momentum as well as the thermal boundary layers respectively

A Novel Hybrid Quantum-Classical Framework for an In-Vehicle Controller Area Network Intrusion Detection

In-vehicle controller area network (CAN) is susceptible to various cyberattacks due to its broadcast-based communication nature. An attacker can inject false messages to a vehicle’s CAN via wireless communication, the infotainment system, or the onboard diagnostic port. Thus, an effective intrusion detection system is essential to distinguish authentic CAN messages from false ones. In this study, we developed a hybrid quantum-classical CAN intrusion detection framework using a classical neural network (NN) and a quantum restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM). The classical NN is dedicated to feature extraction from CAN images generated from a vehicle’s CAN bus data. In contrast, the quantum RBM is dedicated to CAN image reconstruction for classification-based intrusion detection. The novelty of the study lies in utilizing the generative ability of an RBM to reconstruct the pixels in a CAN image, a portion of which is dedicated to labeling. Then, that portion of the reconstructed image is used to classify the image as an attack image or a normal image. To evaluate the performance of the hybrid quantum-classical CAN intrusion detection framework, we used a real-world CAN fuzzy attack dataset to create three separate attack datasets, where each dataset represents a unique set of features related to the vehicle. We compared the performance of our hybrid framework to a similar but classical-only framework. Our analyses showed that the hybrid framework performs better in CAN intrusion detection compared to the classical-only framework. For the three datasets considered in this study, the best models in the hybrid framework achieved 97.5%, 97%, and 98.3% intrusion detection accuracies and 94.7%, 93.9%, and 97.2% recalls, respectively. In contrast, the best models in the classical-only framework achieved 92.5%, 95%, and 93.3% intrusion detection accuracies and 84.2%, 89.8%, and 88.9% recalls, respectively

Supramolecular Aggregates of Tetraphenylethene-Cored AIEgen toward Mechanoluminescent and Electroluminescent Devices

Luminescent materials possessing both the mechanoluminescence (MCL) and electroluminescence (EL) properties are the quest for sensing and optoelectronic applications. We report on the synthesis of a new tailor-made luminogen, 1,2-bis­(4-(1-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2,2-diphenylvinyl)­phenyl)-1,2-diphenylethene (<b>TPE 5</b>), using Suzuki coupling reaction with high yield. An aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active complex <b>TPE 5</b> forms supramolecular spherical aggregates at the air–water interface of a Langmuir trough. As a consequence, a large enhancement of luminescence is obtained from the mono- and multilayer Langmuir–Blodgett films of <b>TPE 5</b> owing to the AIE effect. The luminogen <b>TPE 5</b> exhibits a reversible MCL response, displaying photoluminescence switching due to change in the crystalline states under external stimuli. The unique feature of luminescence enhancement upon aggregate formation is utilized for the fabrication of light-emitting diodes with low threshold voltage using supramolecular aggregates as the active layer. This work demonstrates an efficient strategy for obtaining controlled supramolecular aggregates of AIEgen with a potential in the dual applications of MCL and EL