Fruit quality evaluation of raspberries and blackberries at North Willamette Research and Extension Center

Published June 1992. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

Coupling of CFD and semiempirical methods for designing three-phase condensate separator: case study and experimental validation

This study presents an approach to determine the dimensions of three-phase separators. First, we designed different vessel configurations based on the fluid properties of an Iranian gas condensate field. We then used a comprehensive computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method for analyzing the three-phase separation phenomena. For simulation purposes, the combined volume of fluid–discrete particle method (DPM) approach was used. The discrete random walk (DRW) model was used to include the effect of arbitrary particle movement due to variations caused by turbulence. In addition, the comparison of experimental and simulated results was generated using different turbulence models, i.e., standard k–ε, standard k–ω, and Reynolds stress model. The results of numerical calculations in terms of fluid profiles, separation performance and DPM particle behavior were used to choose the optimum vessel configuration. No difference between the dimensions of the optimum vessel and the existing separator was found. Also, simulation data were compared with experimental data pertaining to a similar existing separator. A reasonable agreement between the results of numerical calculation and experimental data was observed. These results showed that the used CFD model is well capable of investigating the performance of a three-phase separator

Idealism, pragmatism, and the power of compromise in the negotiation of New Zealand's Zero Carbon Act

Discursive choices made by policy entrepreneurs are an important factor in the development of climate change acts (CCAs). This article examines the extent to which such choices reflect the strategic need for CCA entrepreneurs to compromise pragmatically and modulate their policy preferences in order to secure the agreement needed for CCA adoption. Drawing upon theoretical insights from discursive institutionalism (DI) and policy entrepreneurship, this article analyses discursive choices during negotiations surrounding the New Zealand Zero Carbon Act (ZCA). The analysis shows that endogenous political-ideological constraints compelled entrepreneurial actors to modify first-choice preferences for emissions reduction legislation by reframing their coordinative discursive interventions to accommodate potentially oppositional groups. Further research is required into the conditions under which such strategies become discursively operational, to provide guidance to climate policy entrepreneurs as CCAs continue to diffuse globally

Air mass trajectories and land cover map reveal cereals and oilseed rape as major local sources of Alternaria spores in the Midlands, UK.

Transport of Alternaria spores from both local agricultural and remote areas has been implicated as a source of these spores in urban areas. The purpose of this study was to understand the relative contribution of local sources versus long distance transport on Alternaria spore concentrations, with applicability to Alternaria and other spore sampling sites worldwide. This was achieved by comparing two spore sampling sites in the cities of Worcester and Leicester in the UK, ~90 km apart, over a three year period (2016-2018) and focusing on a period of time when both sites experienced high spore counts. The study found 61 and 151 days of clinical significance (>100 spores/m³ air) at Worcester and Leicester, respectively. The spore concentrations were considerably higher in Leicester than in Worcester. Analysis of the crop map showed higher amounts of winter barley and oilseed rape near to Leicester compared to Worcester. HYSPLIT modelling during the episode revealed that the air masses arrived at both Leicester and Worcester from Ireland and the Atlantic Ocean. Long distance transport probably had a small but equal contribution to the observations at both sites. HYSPLIT particle dispersion simulations showed that the spores were dispersed and deposited from local sources. The results indicate that substantially higher concentrations of Alternaria spores occur in areas with high amounts of cereals and oilseed rape compared to those with lower amounts, or with different crops

processors. Two circle marks are for the ring network with

will ignore this effect at the expense of some accuracy. Although the obtained expected performance improvement is an upper bound with uniform routing distribution, we expect to achieve as much improvement with other skewed distributions, in which a processor tends to communicate with a certain processors more heavily than with other processors. Our simulation results with some skewed distribution models shows that we achieve 15-20 % performance improvement (reduction of total message traffic density) compared with a random assignment, which by and large coincides with the analysis. On the other hand, unified partitioning and assignment leads to performance improvements as large as 50% in terms of the total c th 1.5 = c th 2.5 = c th 2.5 = c th 4.5 = c h c l c h c l 170 represen

ABSTRACT Power Efficiency for Variation-Tolerant

Challenges in multicore processor design include meeting demands for performance, power, and reliability. The progression towards deep submicron process technologies entails increasing challenges of process variability resulting in timing instabilities and leakage power variation. This work introduces an analytical approach for ensuring timing reliability while meeting the appropriate performance and power demands in spite of process variation. We validate our analytical model using Turandot to simulate an 8-core PowerPC TM processor. We first examine a simplified case of our model on a platform running independent multiprogrammed workloads consisting of all 26 of the SPEC 2000 benchmarks. Our simple model accurately predicts the cutoff point with a mean error less than 0.5 W. Next, we extend our analysis to parallel programming by incorporating Amdahl’s Law in our equations. We use this relation to establish limit properties of power-performance for scaling parallel applications, and validate our findings using 8 applications from the SPLASH-2 benchmark suite