Influence of relative age effect in basic physical abilities

Este trabajo se centra en el Efecto de la Edad Relativa (RAE) sobre las capacidades físicas básicas del alumnado de ESO, tras un estudio descriptivo correlacional transversal contextualizado mediante muestreo incidental en un Instituto de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron pruebas físicas y un cuestionario. Los resultados muestran que no existen diferencias significativas (p>0,05) entre las medias de las pruebas físicas del alumnado nacido en el primer y segundo semestre. Las mejores marcas corresponden al alumnado nacido en los primeros meses del año. Esta tendencia se ve alterada en función del sexo, curso escolar y actividad física extraescolar. El alumnado nacido a principios de año obtuvo una mejor calificación numérica en Educación Física. Como conclusión podemos afirmar que el RAE es un factor más del proceso educativo, que está presente en las Capacidades Físicas Básicas y debe tenerse en cuenta para evitar situaciones desfavorables para el alumnadoThis paper focuses on the Relative Age Effect (RAE) over the basic physical abilities of Compulsory Secondary School (ESO) students after a descriptive, cross-sectional, correlation study in context by incidental sampling in a Compulsory Secondary Education school. The tools applied were physical tests and a questionnaire. The results reveal that there are no significant differences (p>0,05) between the mean results in the physical tests taken by students born in the first and the second semesters. The highest marks belong to the students born in the early months of the year. This tendency is altered by sex, school year and after school physical activity. Students born towards the beginning of the year attained better school marks in PE. As a conclusion we can argue that the RAE is one more factor within the education process, it is present in basic physical abilities and must be taken into account in order to prevent unfavourable situations for student

Generated emotions by various types of games in physical education

El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido ahondar en el conocimiento de las emociones generadas a través de la práctica de diversos tipos de juegos, mediante la puesta en práctica de una propuesta diseñada a tal efecto. Más concretamente se ha tratado de conocer en qué medida, los juegos cooperativos y de oposición permiten el desarrollo emocional del alumnado en comparación con los juegos populares cooperativos y de oposición. Los participantes han sido un total de 50 alumnos y alumnas de sexto curso de Educación Primaria. El instrumento empleado ha sido el cuestionario sobre las percepciones socioemocionales de Gil-Madrona y Martínez (2016). Los resultados indican una gran similitud entre la utilización de los juegos cooperativos y juegos populares cooperativos. No obstante, los juegos populares de oposición producen mayores emociones positivas en el alumnado respecto a los juegos de oposición. El porcentaje de alumnado que se decanta por las emociones plancenteras es manifiestamente superior al de aquellos que se decantan por las displacenteras. Finalmente, se concluye que la propuesta utilizada es eficaz para producir emociones en los cuatro dominios de acción motriz objeto de estudioThe aim of this research has been to know which are the generated emotions through the practice of diverse kinds of games, through a proposal. Specifically, it is have been tried to know how cooperative and opposition games allow for the emotional development of the students with respect to traditional cooperative games and traditional opposition games. A total of 50 children of 6th grade took part in this work. The instrument used was the Gil-Madrona and Martinez's questionnaire (2016) about socio-emotional perceptions. The results indicate a similarity between using cooperative and traditional cooperative games. However, traditional opposition games produce greater positive emotions in students with respect to opposition games. Finally, it is concluded that the approach used is effective to produce emotions in the four motor domains studie

Conductas apropiadas en Educación Física y el deporte en la escuela y validación de la escala

El propósito del presente trabajo de investigación es conocer y examinar las conductas apropiadas desde la perspectiva de los alumnos y alumnas, sus conductas en el aula, en Educación Física y deportes y de habilidades sociales, así como determinar la validez y abilidad del “Cuestionario sobre Conducta Apropiada en la Educación Física y el Deporte (CAEFD)”. La muestra se compuso de 352 alumnos y alumnas de 6o de Educación Primaria en seis centros educativos de Albacete. Los resultados muestran por un lado la importancia entre las habilidades sociales y los va- lores así como las actitudes percibidas por el alumnado y profesorado hacia las conductas apropiadas. Y respecto al cuestionario, los análisis estadísticos indicaron una moderada consistencia de la escala.

Evaluación inicial en 6º curso de primaria de las habilidades sociales y propuesta didáctica de intervención en la Educación Física escolar

The development of social skills involves an acquisition process over the years. The curricular area of physical education can be a valuable playful and fun context in which these skills can be improved. The aim of this study was to evaluate these skills in elementary school children (6th grade; n = 54) through a questionnaire to then carry out a program to develop social skills. The instrument used was the Social Interaction Skills Questionnaire (CHIS). The results indicated the ability to make friends was the less developed skill, while basic social interaction skills were the ones with better scores. The girls obtained better average score than boys. The main conclusion of the study is the need to work on social skills within the educational stage as they are presented as something fundamental to function and develop in society.Trabajar las habilidades sociales conlleva un proceso de adquisición a lo largo de los años de escolaridad obligatoria. El área curricular de Educación Física puede ser un valioso contexto en el que desarrollarlas. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido evaluar dichas habilidades en niños y niñas de Educación Primaria (6º curso; n=54) a través de un cuestionario para posteriormente, ofrecer un programa de intervención. El instrumento utilizando ha sido el Cuestionario de Habilidades de Interacción Social (CHIS). Los resultados indican que la habilidad menos desarrollada es la habilidad para hacer amigos, mientras que las habilidades básicas de interacción social son las que obtienen mejores puntuaciones. Las chicas obtuvieron mejor puntuación media que los chicos. Como conclusión principal del estudio se destaca la necesidad de trabajar las habilidades sociales dentro de esta etapa educativa puesto que resultan fundamentales para desenvolverse en la sociedad

Los descansos activos y la mejora de los aprendizajes en educación infantil: una propuesta de intervención

The objective of this work is the study of the relationship between active breaks and academic performance in children preschool education, improving the curricular contents, through physical education games. The sample was formed by 50 participants, divided into a control group (n = 25) and an experimental group (n = 25). For the data collection, two evaluations were conducted, one before the programme (pre) and the other one after the programme (post). For the data analysis the t-Student test was used. The results obtained reflected the importance of physical activity in academic performance, as well as the transversal benefits it brings to health.El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio de la relación entre los descansos activos y el rendimiento académico en niños del segundo ciclo de educación infantil, mejorando los diversos contenidos curriculares, a través de juegos de Educación Física. La muestra estuvo compuesta por un total de 50 alumnos, divididos en grupo control (n=25) y un grupo experimental (n=25). Para la recopilación de datos se llevaron a cabo dos evaluaciones, una antes de la realización de los descansos activos, pre-test y otra posterior, post-test. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la prueba t-Student, para medias de muestras relacionadas. Los resultados obtenidos reflejaron la importancia de la actividad física en el rendimiento académico, así como los beneficios transversales que aporta a la salud

Fig “Ficus carica L.” and its by-products: A decade evidence of their health-promoting benefits towards the development of novel food formulations

The food industry constantly searches for natural derived bioactive molecules with preventive and therapeutic effects using innovative and sustainable strategies. Fig production and processing generate a considerable amount of by-products (leaves, pulp, peels, seeds, and latex) with limited commercial exploitation and negative impact on the environment. These by-products are important sources of high value-added in- gredients, including anthocyanins and pectins that can be of particular interest to the food industry as functional colourants, emulsifiers, and additives. Scope and approach: This review curates recent advances in the valorisation of fig by-products as valuable sources of bioactive molecules for functional food development. Special attention was given to widely used extraction processes, main bioactive compounds, relevant biological properties, and the application of recovered bioactives for functional food development. Key findings and conclusions: Fig by-products are essential sources of structurally diverse bioactive molecules with unique antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumour, immunomodulatory and cardioprotective properties. Owing to these health-promoting potentials, an integral valorisation approach involving sustainable technologies to recover these high value-added ingredients and its utilisation in novel food formulation development should be further stimulated.Funding for open access charge: Universidade de Vigo/CISUG. Au- thors are grateful to Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES to the CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020). L. Barros, thank the national funding by FCT, P.I., through the institutional scientific employment program for her contract. This work is also supported by MICINN supporting the Ramo ́n y Cajal grant for M.A. Prieto (RYC-2017-22891) and Juan de la Cierva Formacio ́nn contract for T. Oludemi (FJC2019-042549-I) and by Xunta de Galicia for supporting the program EXCELENCIA-ED431F 2020/12 and the pre-doctoral grant of M. Carpena (ED481A 2021/ 313). Manuel Ayuso thanks to PRIMA and FEDER-Interreg Espan ̃a- Portugal programme for financial support through the projects Local- NutLeg (Section 1 2020 Agrofood Value Chain topic 1.3.1). This work is also supported by the project SYSTEMIC Knowledge hub on Nutrition and Food Security, which received funding from national research funding entities in Belgium (FWO), France (INRA), Germany (BLE), Italy (MIPAAF), Latvia (IZM), Norway (RCN), Portugal (FCT), and Spain (AEI) in a joint action of JPI HDHL, JPI-OCEANS and FACCE-JPI launched in 2019 under the ERA-NET ERA-HDHL (n◦ 696295). Authors are grateful to Ibero-American Program on Science and Technology (CYTED—AQUA-CIBUS, P317RT0003), to the Bio Based Industries Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No 888003 UP4HEALTH Project (H2020-BBI-JTI-2019) The JU receives support from the Euro- pean Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and the Bio Based Industries Consortium. This work has also received financial support from Portuguese national funds (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia e Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior, FCT/ MCTES) through project UIDB/50006/2020 and AgriFood XXI I&D&I project (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000041) cofinanced by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), through the NORTE 2020 (Programa Operacional Regional do Norte 2014/2020).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evaluación de la motricidad y el carácter de los alumnos de 4 y 5 años: un estudio piloto

The aim was to assess gross motor and character in children aged 4 and 5 years old. For this, 23 participants were selected and the locomotive and object control sub-tests were applied, both belonging to the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD 2), as well as a rubric of character (respect, cooperation, sensitiveness, leadership, teamwork, and self-control). Results show that girls are better in the locomotive subtest, while boys excel in the object control. In general, boys have less skill in the extended jumping and in the objects catch task. In terms of character, boys are worse in leadership and girls in teamwork. Therefore, it is important to emphasize especially those motor skills and emotional aspects where children score lower. As research prospect, this study must be conducted with a bigger sample to know if these results remain similar.El objetivo fue evaluar la motricidad gruesa y el carácter en niños de 4 y 5 años. Para ello, se seleccionaron 23 participantes y se aplicaron la subprueba locomotriz y la de control de objetos, ambas pertenecientes al Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD 2), así como una rúbrica sobre carácter (respeto, cooperación, sensibilidad, liderazgo, trabajo en equipo y autocontrol). Los resultados muestran que las chicas son mejores en la subprueba locomotriz, mientras que los chicos destacan en el control de objetos. En general, los niños tienen menos habilidad en el salto extendido y en la tarea de atrapar objetos. En cuanto al carácter, los chicos son peores en el liderazgo y las chicas en el trabajo en equipo. Por tanto, se concluye la necesidad de hacer hincapié específicamente en aquellos aspectos donde menor puntuación obtuvieron. Como prospectiva de investigación, este trabajo debe ser realizado con muestras más grandes para conocer si los resultados se mantienen similares

Hábitos y comportamientos relacionados con la salud en adolescentes durante su tiempo libre

This research attempts to determine which are the common practices related to the participation in sport and physical activities within the consumption of harmful substances in adolescents. A descriptive, cor-relational and transversal design was performed. A total of 1,140 subjects participated in the study (Mean age: 18.75 ± 6.35 years old; gender: male 46.7%, female 53.3%), of wich 790 were undergraduates and 350 non-undergraduates from the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). It was used the Evaluation Questionnaire of the Habits related to the Health (Gil-Madrona, González-Víllora, Pastor-Vicedo, & Fernández-Bustos, 2010). Descriptive analysis revealed that a high percentage of adolescents do not practice sport regularly. The differential analysis showed significant statistical values which relates the sport habit with the tobacco, alcohol and/or drugs consumption. It was concluded that the design and development of programmes which foster physical activity are a nee

Changes in health behaviors, mental and physical health among older adults under severe lockdown restrictions during the covid-19 pandemic in spain

We used data from 3041 participants in four cohorts of community-dwelling individuals aged =65 years in Spain collected through a pre-pandemic face-to-face interview and a telephone interview conducted between weeks 7 to 15 after the beginning of the COVID-19 lockdown. On average, the confinement was not associated with a deterioration in lifestyle risk factors (smoking, alcohol intake, diet, or weight), except for a decreased physical activity and increased sedentary time, which reversed with the end of confinement. However, chronic pain worsened, and moderate declines in mental health, that did not seem to reverse after restrictions were lifted, were observed. Males, older adults with greater social isolation or greater feelings of loneliness, those with poorer housing conditions, as well as those with a higher prevalence of chronic morbidities were at increased risk of developing unhealthier lifestyles or mental health declines with confinement. On the other hand, previously having a greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and doing more physical activity protected older adults from developing unhealthier lifestyles with confinement. If an-other lockdown were imposed during this or future pandemics, public health programs should spe-cially address the needs of older individuals with male sex, greater social isolation, sub-optimal housing conditions, and chronic morbidities because of their greater vulnerability to the enacted movement restrictions. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Consenso de expertos sobre el uso de alemtuzumab en la práctica clínica diaria en España

Introducción: Alemtuzumab es un fármaco de alta eficacia aprobado por la Agencia Europea de Medicamentos como tratamiento modificador de la enfermedad en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple remitente recurrente. Objetivo: Elaborar un documento de consenso sobre el manejo de alemtuzumab en la práctica clínica habitual, que sea de aplicación en el ámbito español. Desarrollo: Un grupo de expertos en esclerosis múltiple revisó las publicaciones disponibles hasta diciembre de 2017, de tratamiento con alemtuzumab y esclerosis múltiple. Se incluyeron trabajos sobre eficacia, efectividad y seguridad, despistaje de infecciones y vacunación, administración y monitorización. La propuesta inicial de recomendaciones fue desarrollada por un grupo coordinador con base en la evidencia disponible y en su experiencia clínica. El proceso de consenso se llevó a cabo en 2 etapas; se estableció como porcentaje inicial de acuerdo grupal el 80%. El documento final con todas las recomendaciones acordadas por el grupo de trabajo se sometió a revisión externa y los comentarios recibidos fueron considerados por el grupo coordinador. Conclusiones: El documento aportado pretende ser una herramienta útil para facilitar el manejo del fármaco en condiciones de práctica clínica habitual.Introduction: Alemtuzumab is a highly effective drug approved by the European Medicines Agency as a disease-modifying drug for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Objective: A consensus document was drafted on the management of alemtuzumab in routine clinical practice in Spain. Development: A group of multiple sclerosis specialists reviewed articles addressing treatment with alemtuzumab in patients with multiple sclerosis and published before December 2017. The included studies assessed the drug's efficacy, effectiveness, and safety; screening for infections and vaccination; and administration and monitoring aspects. The initial proposed recommendations were developed by a coordinating group and based on the available evidence and their clinical experience. The consensus process was carried out in 2 stages, with the initial threshold percentage for group agreement established at 80%. The final document with all the recommendations agreed by the working group was submitted for external review and the comments received were considered by the coordinating group. Conclusion: The present document is intended to be used as a tool for optimising the management of alemtuzumab in routine clinical practice