The jars of Santa Mariña de Augas Santas (Allariz), an approach towards their morphology

[ES] Las jarras de Santa Mariña de Augas Santas son un conjunto de referencia excepcional debido a su número, tipología y contexto. Más de un ciento de jarritas medievales fueron localizadas a mediados del siglo XX en óptimo estado de conservación en el caño de desagüe de una sauna castreña, que hoy en día conforma la cripta de una basílica medieval inconclusa. La zona guarda una gran riqueza patrimonial tanto en materiales arqueológicos como a nivel de tradición oral. Las jarritas sobrepasan la centena contándose con varios tipos morfológicos y un gran número de las mismas se encuentran decoradas. Se presentan los resultados morfológicos del estudio realizado sobre las mismas y se comparan los mismos con otros contextos arqueológicos galaicos.[EN] The jars of Santa Mariña de Augas Santas form an exceptional reference group due to their number, type, and context. A total of 128 mediaeval jars were found in the middle of the twentieth century in an excellent state of preservation in the drainage spout of a hill fort sauna, which today forms part of the crypt of an unfinished mediaeval basilica. The area contains a wealth of heritage both in terms of archaeological remains and oral traditions. The 122 jars that are still preserved belong to several morphological types, and a large number of them are decorated. We present the morphological results of the study carried out on them, and they are compared with other Galician archaeological contexts

Diminished neurogenic femoral artery vasoconstrictor response in a Zucker obese rat model: differential regulation of NOS and COX derivatives

Objective: Peripheral arterial disease is one of the macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study addresses femoral artery regulation in a prediabetic model of obese Zucker rats (OZR) by examining cross-talk between endothelial and neural factors. Methods and Results: Arterial preparations from lean (LZR) and OZR were subjected to electrical field stimulation (EFS) on basal tone. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX) isoform expression patterns were determined by immunohistochemical labelling and Western blotting. Results indicate significantly reduced noradrenergic contractions in preparations from OZR compared with those of LZR. Functional inhibition of endothelial NOS (eNOS) indicated a predominant role of this isoform in LZR and its modified activity in OZR. Neural (nNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) were activated and their expression was higher in femoral arteries from OZR. Neurotransmission modulated by largeconductance Ca2+-activated (BKCa) or voltage-dependent (KV) K+ channels did not seem compromised in the obese animals. Endothelial COX-1 and COX-2 were expressed in LZR and an additional adventitial location of COX-2 was also observed in OZR, explaining the higher COX-2 protein levels detected in this group. Prostanoids derived from both isoforms helped maintain vasoconstriction in LZR while in OZR only COX-2 was active. Superoxide anion inhibition reduced contractions in endothelium-intact arteries from OZR. Conclusions: Endothelial dysfunction led to reduced neurogenic vasoconstriction in femoral arteries from OZR. In a setting of obesity, NO-dependent nNOS and iNOS dilation activity could be an alternative mechanism to offset COX-2- and reactive oxygen species-mediated vasoconstriction, along with impaired endothelial NO relaxation

La línea de costa como base para la generación de indicadores de estado y de seguimiento ambiental: modelo de datos y conceptos de líneas de costa en el litoral de Andalucía

En esta comunicación se proponen dos conceptos di ferentes de línea de costa orientados al cálculo de indicadores, manteniendo para ambos la misma escala y resolución. Para ello se ha procedido a la digitalización de la línea de costa en Andalucía a escala de detalle (1:2.500), entendida ésta como el segmento lineal que recorre la margen del litoral andaluz en contacto con el mar, donde la línea de costa alcanza longitudes considerables al introducirse por las márgenes de los canales de marea y estuarios así como al delimitar detalladamente det erminadas infraestructuras costeras presentes en ella. Esta delimitación fisiográficamente correcta que resulta de utilidad para la elaboración de indicadores relacionados con la gestión del litoral y el medio marino (por ejemplo caracterización de la costa ante un vertido de petróleo) puede ser confus a para la comparación de indicadores de estado y seguimiento ambiental elaborados con criterios esta dísticos, ya que éstos suelen asociar la línea de costa exclusivamente al frente costero expuesto al oleaje. Por ello, ha sido necesario realizar una nueva delineación de la línea, intentado restringirla a lo que se entiende más comúnmente por frente costero, evitando su recorrido detallado por marismas, estuarios y límites de puertos y espigones. Se presentan los resultados de la digitalización de am bas líneas, prestando especial consideración a los criterios geométricos y alfanuméri cos, así como a las diferencias que presentan los indicadores ambientales construidos a partir de éstas, haciendo uso de las capacidades analíticas de las TIG. Los resultados evidencian grandes diferencias entre ellas ligadas, principalmente, a las zonas de infraestructuras, estuarios y marismas.In order to calculate coastal indicators from different purposes, two coastline concepts with equal scale and resolution are proposed. For this reason, coastline was digitized with detail in the Andalucia coast at a scale of 1:2.500. From a physiographic point of view, the coastline is understood as the shoreline that surrounds the coastal area in contact with sea or brackish water such as coastal beaches at exposed areas and estuaries at sheltered areas for instance. Therefore, this concept of coastline reaches large lengths when shoreline is drawn on estuaries and tidal creeks, as well as when it surrounds with details coastal infrastructures such as harbours and dikes. This physiographic delimitation is the most correct approach, and results very useful for generating indicators related with coastal and marine environments management (e.g. coastal characterization for dealing with fuel spill more effectively). However, from a political-statistical point of view, this delimitation can be confuse for creating state and environmental assessment indicators, because in these cases the coastline is commonly characterized by exposed coastal areas. Thus, it has been necessary to create a new delimitation of the coastline, trying to integrate only the shoreline commonly understood as ‘Coastal front’ (without covering coastal sheltered areas or reclaimed areas such us dikes or harbour’s extensions). Finally, it is presented graphical results of both coastlines; paying special attention to geometric and alphanumeric criteria followed as well as to environmental indicators built through spatial analysis tools (GIS). Results show large differences between them, especially on those categories related with infrastructures and salt marshes

Palladium(II) carboxylates and palladium(I) carbonyl carboxylate complexes as catalysts for olefin cyclopropanation with ethyl diazoacetate

Palladium(I) carbonyl carboxylate complexes [Pd(μ-CO)(μ-RCO2)]n (R = Me, n = 4; R = CMe3, n = 6) and the corresponding palladium(II) carboxylates (acetate and pivalate) catalyze the cyclopropanation of olefins with ethyl diazoacetate. The performance of these catalysts is similar in terms of selectivity and cyclopropane yields, regardless of the oxidation state of the metal center. However the rates of the cyclopropanation reactions are significantly higher for the acetate based catalysts than for the pivalate derivatives, which suggests that the main catalytic species are carboxylate containing palladium complexes. Kinetic measurements show that reaction rates are independent of the olefin concentration when these are 1-hexene or styrene, but norbornene exerts an inhibitory effect. In spite of this, competition experiments indicate that the cyclopropanation of styrene is 2.2 times as favorable as that of 1-hexene for any of the four catalysts. These observations indicate that while the rate-determining formation of the intermediate palladium carbenoid species is controlled by the catalyst structure, this is followed by a rapid and less specific cyclopropanation step that is not affected by the nature of the carboxylategroups present in the catalyst. An independent test using a 1:1 benzene/cyclohexane mixture of solvents showed that the transfer of ethoxycarbonylcarbene (:C(CO2Et)H) to these molecules is unselective (relative rate of benzene/cyclohexane functionalization ≈1.8, independent of the catalyst). This result can be interpreted as an indication of the involvement of free ethoxycarbonylcarbene in the carbene transfer step.Russian Foundation for Basic Research 2008RU0055/09-03-91284Junta de Andalucía P06-FQM-0170

Medieval luxury ceramics in two castles of the ‘Compostela’s Miter’

[ES] Los castillos de Rocha Branca y Rocha Forte son todo un referente dentro del arzobispado medieval de Santiago, en ellos residirían varios arzobispos, convirtiéndose principalmente Rocha Branca en un auténtico recinto palacial. Debido a ese contexto, los materiales recuperados en los mismos son piezas vidriadas de lujo importadas. Se busca contribuir al estudio de estas piezas, así como a la posible definición de sus lugares de fabricación y técnicas, mediante la aplicación de la arqueometría. Gracias a los análisis sobre cinco piezas hemos podido retrotraernos a las producciones cerámicas de época bajomedieval y moderna documentadas en ambos recintos fortificados.[EN] The castles of Rocha Branca and Rocha Forte are an important reference point with regard to the mediaeval archbishopric of Santiago, which were home to several archbishops, with the castle of Rocha Branca in particular becoming a truly palatial compound. Because of this context, the materials that have been found are luxurious, imported glazed pieces. The aim os this paper is to contribute towards the study of these pieces, as well as helping to possibly define where they were made and the techniques used, through the application of archaeometry. Thanks to an analysis of five pieces, we have been able to categorise ceramic products from the late mediaeval and modern period found in both fortified compounds

Starkeya nomas sp. nov., a prosthecate and budding bacterium isolated from an immunocompromized patient

Strain HF14-78462T is an environmental bacterium found in clinical samples from an immunocompromized patient in 2014 at Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe (Valencia, Spain). Phenotypically, strain HF14-78462T cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore forming and non-motile small rods which formed mucous and whitish-translucent colonies when incubated at 20-36 °C. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA genes and the whole genomes of closest sequenced relatives confirmed that strain HF14-78462T is affiliated with the genus Starkeya. The strain was oxidase, catalase and urease positive; but indole, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase and DNase negative, did not produce H2S and was able to utilize a wide variety of carbon sources including acetamide, adonitol, amygdalin, l-arabinose, citric acid, glucose, mannitol and melibiose. Unlike Starkeya novella and Starkeya koreensis, strain HF14-78462T failed to grow in thiosulphate-oxidizing media and had a narrower temperature growth range. Its genome was characterized by a size of 4.83 Mbp and a C+G content of 67.75 mol%. Major fatty acids were C18:1 ω7c, cyclo C19 : 0 and C16 : 0, its polar acids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an aminophospholipid; while the ubiquinones were Q9 (1.8 %) and Q10 (98.2 %). Digital DNA-DNA hybridization values were 41 and 41.4 against S. novella and S. koreensis, respectively, while average nucleotide identity values were around 84 %. Phenotypic, average nucleotide identity and phylogenomic comparative studies suggest that strain HF14-78462T is a new representative of the genus Starkeya and the name Starkeya nomas sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HF14-78462T (=CECT 30124T=LMG 31874T).Financial support was obtained by the IIS project 2013/0437.S

IgG4-related disease: results from a multicenter Spanish registry

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a rare entity consisting of inflammation and fibrosis that has been described in multiple organs. Concrete diagnostic criteria have been established recently and there is a lack of large series of patients.To describe the clinical presentation, histopathological characteristics, treatment and evolution of a series of IgG4-RD Spanish patients.A retrospective multicenter study was performed. Twelve hospitals across Spain included patients meeting the current 2012 consensus criteria on IgG4-RD diagnosis.Fifty-five patients were included in the study, 38 of whom (69.1%) were male. Median age at diagnosis was 53 years. Thirty (54.5%) patients were included in the Histologically Highly Suggestive IgG4-RD group and 25 (45.5%) in the probable IgG4-RD group. Twenty-six (47.3%) patients had more than 1 organ affected at presentation. The most frequently affected organs were: retroperitoneum, orbital pseudotumor, pancreas, salivary and lachrymal glands, and maxillary sinuses.Corticosteroids were the mainstay of treatment (46 patients, 83.6%). Eighteen patients (32.7%) required additional immunosuppressive agents. Twenty-four (43.6%) patients achieved a complete response and 26 (43.7%) presented a partial response (<50% of regression) after 22 months of follow-up. No deaths were attributed directly to IgG4-RD and malignancy was infrequent.This is the largest IgG4-RD series reported in Europe. Patients were middle-aged males, with histologically probable IgG4-RD. The systemic form of the disease was frequent, involving mainly sites of the head and abdomen. Corticosteroids were an effective first line treatment, sometimes combined with immunosuppressive agents. Neither fatalities nor malignancies were attributed to IgG4-RD

Guía de práctica clínica SENPE/SEGHNP/SEFH sobre nutrición parenteral pediátrica

Introduction: Parenteral nutrition (PN) in childhood is a treatment whose characteristics are highly variable depending on the age and pathology of the patient. Material and methods: The Standardization and Protocols Group of the Spanish Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (SENPE) is an interdisciplinary group formed by members of the SENPE, the Spanish Society of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Pediatric Nutrition (SEGHNP) and the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy (SEFH) that intends to update this issue. For this, a detailed review of the literature has been carried out, looking for the evidences that allow us to elaborate a Clinical Practice Guide following the criteria of the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine. Results: This manuscript summarizes the recommendations regarding indications, access routes, requirements, modifications in special situations, components of the mixtures, prescription and standardization, preparation, administration, monitoring, complications and home NP. The complete document is published as a monographic number. Conclusions: This guide is intended to support the prescription of pediatric PN. It provides the basis for rational decisions in the context of the existing evidence. No guidelines can take into account all of the often compelling individual clinical circumstances.Introducción: la nutrición parenteral (NP) en la infancia es un tratamiento cuyas características son muy variables en función de la edad y la patología que presente el paciente. Material y métodos: el grupo de Estandarización y Protocolos de la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral (SENPE) es un grupo interdisciplinar formado por miembros de la SENPE, Sociedad Española de Gastroenterología, Hepatología y Nutrición Pediátrica (SEGHNP) y Sociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria (SEFH) que pretende poner al día este tema. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión pormenorizada de la literatura buscando las evidencias que nos permiten elaborar una Guía de Práctica Clínica siguiendo los criterios del Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. Resultados: este manuscrito expone de forma resumida las recomendaciones en cuanto a indicaciones, vías de acceso, requerimientos, modificaciones en situaciones especiales, componentes de las mezclas, prescripción y estandarización, preparación, administración, monitorización, complicaciones y NP domiciliaria. El documento completo se publica como número monográfico. Conclusiones: esta guía pretende servir de apoyo para la prescripción de la NP pediátrica. Constituye la base para tomar decisiones en el contexto de la evidencia existente. Ninguna guía puede tener en cuenta todas las circunstancias clínicas individuale

Elaboración de píldoras educativas sobre Historia de la Veterinaria

Tras el éxito de la utilización de la ludificación como motivación para el estudio de la Historia de la Veterinaria, nos propusimos crear pequeños vídeos o píldoras de conocimiento sobre hechos o personajes históricos que fueran reusables (se pueden utilizar en diferentes contextos), interoperables (sirven para propósitos diferentes) y accesibles por su formato digital que facilita el almacenaje y su recuperación. En este proyecto se ha grabado más escenas antes del confinamiento y preparados la historioteca con una de las píldoras ya definitivas