Groundwater Contamination and Pollution Prone Zones of Northern Part of Yale Mallappa Shetty Kere (YMSK) Watershed, Bangalore North using Remote Sensing and GIS

Hydro-Geochemical study of part of Yale Mallappa Shetty Kere (YMSK) watershed comprising two adjacent third order basins has been carried out. There are Twenty one water bodies including two major tanks viz., Singanayakanahalli kere and Gantiganahalli in the study area. Basin morphometry, geology, soil, slope, land use / land cover, transmissivity, depth to first fracture, depth to second fracture, depth to third fracture, resultant layers of Electrical Resistivity Survey which includes Resistivity of Soil, weathered zone, Bedrock, thickness of soil and weathered zone studied in detail using experimental data, Remote Sensing and GIS. Land use/ land cover both regional and around the contaminated bore wells have been studied. Nine borewell water samples collected and analysed for their physico-chemical parameters to understand the groundwater quality. Heavy metals like lead, zinc, copper, Iron, cadmium also analysed. Iron and Nitrate crosses the permissible limit in two bore wells. The details of land use / land cover around the bore wells have been used to identify the sources of contamination. The presence of big factories as well as small scale industries, agricultural practices, waste dumpsites, residential patches, vehicular traffic, vehicle garages, gasoline stations, quarries, air base, firing ranges, air traffic, asphalt manufacturing units, solar lamp manufacturing unit in and around the study area is playing a devil role in contaminating the water. Pollution Prone Zones have been delineated and validated. A comparative analysis of contaminated region and pollution prone zones has been made and it is matching with marginal exception

Study of Urbanization and its Effect on Water Resources in Yale Mallappa Shetty Kere Watershed, Bangalore North Taluk Using Remote Sensing and GIS

The study area comprises of Hebbal and Rachenahalli valley. The present condition of storm water drains, surface water bodies and the quality of the ground water has been studied in Yale mallappa Shetty Kere (YMSK) watershed. 1st order streams are encroached in developing of layouts and surface water bodies vanished due to urbanization. The study of toposheets (1:50,000) reveals YMSK consists of 86 Water bodies (WB) in 286 km2. The study of toposheets in 1:25,000 and Remote Sensing data reveals that YMSK consists of 195 WB (including tiny water bodies). The urbanized area covers the town places like satellite town Yalahanka in the North; Hebbal in the south-east and Krishna Rajapuram in the west. The effect of urbanization has created the havoc in managing and maintaining the storm water drains, surface water and quality of ground water. RS & GIS has effectively used in findings for streams encroachment & LU-LC process

A clinical study on Infantile Colic with Kuberaksha

Crying is one of the essential behaviors to communicate the demands of the baby so that it can be fulfilled by the parents. Prolonged crying is a source of anxiety and distress for the parents & challenge for the doctor. Infantile colic is a diagnosis of exclusion for prolonged cry in early infancy. It is described as paroxysmal crying. In the present clinical study total 100 patients were treated with 2 groups viz. treated group with Kuberaksha Vati (n=60) and Control group (n=40). By triturating Beejamajja (seed pulp powder) of Kuberaksha with honey, pills were prepared by an approximate weight of 125mg for treated group and for the purpose of controlled group study, placebo were prepared in similar way as that of Kuberaksha Vati. The disease infantile colic has compared with Udarashoola described in Ayurvedic classics. The history was noted by interviewing the parent/ guardian. All Parents were advised to administer the drug 125mg twice daily for a period of 3 days. Follow up of study was done after 7 days for any reoccurrence of symptoms. Significant result was obtained after treatment and follow up in treated group; whereas the percentage of improvement was very low in control group. This randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial on infantile colic is found effective by administration of specially prepared Kuberaksha Vati. It has a positive short-term effect on infantile colic

A REVIEW OF HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECT OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA W.S.R. TO MADHUMEH

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both processes are involved in the development of diabetes. Diabetes is also known as Madhumeha in Ayurveda. Diabetes Mellitus has become a global problem in spite of advances in modern science. Ancient science of Ayurveda has discussed diabetes at length thousands of years ago. Number of diabetic patients are increasing in very high range. Year by year, its growing speed is very fast. In Ayurveda there are many ways to prevent diabetes mellitus and to cure its complications. Ayurvedic medications and management is very helpful and very effective in specially for diabetes. In this paper, trying to explain the hypoglycemic effect of Momordica (Karela) in diabetes mellitus (Madhumeh). Karela is specifically used as a folk medicine for diabetes. Several researches proved that it contains a hypoglycaemic or insulin-like principle, designated as 'plant-insulin', which has been found highly beneficial in lowering the blood and urine sugar levels

A CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF SHIRODHARA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SHIRAHSHOOLA

One of the challenging and very common conditions in current modern era is headache. At present all age groups from young to old are affected by it. headache is a very commonly occurring condition in our today’s practice. Modern medications do not help much as analgesics have their own aftereffects. Hence it is the need of time to bring forward such treatment options which do not cause much side-effect and give positive results in the management of headache with minimal use of oral drugs. Among the different treatment described in Ayurveda, Shiro Dhara is one of the commonly practiced procedures in the disorders of head & scalp. It can be used as preventive measure in different stressful conditions. Shirahshoola is a disease as described in Ayurveda which involves all kinds of headache. In this paper, I want to explain, different types of shirahshoolaand there management which describe in Ayurveda very well and one of the most practically used procedure shirodharawhich is very effective in headache

THE INCIDENCE OF LEFT VENTRICULAR DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS AFFECTED WITH SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM

Background: Numerous studies have identified the presence of adverse cardiovascular effects associated with hypothyroidism. The timely detection of individuals presenting with sub-clinical hypothyroidism has the potential to facilitate prompt intervention, consequently yielding a beneficial impact on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates. Objectives: The primary aim of this study is to investigate the potential correlation between subclinical hypothyroidism and left ventricular dysfunction. Additionally, we aim to explore the relationship between systolic and diastolic dysfunction in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 60 cases of subclinical hypothyroidism, as well as 30 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects, were included. Serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3) were assessed, and individuals exhibiting subclinical hypothyroidism were subsequently subjected to a two-dimensional echocardiogram (2DEcho). Results: A statistically significant decrease was observed in peak early filling velocity (PE) (p<0.001) and early filling time velocity integral (Ei) (p<0.001). The statistical analysis revealed a significant reduction in the ratio of early and late peak velocities (PE/PA) (p<0.001), the ratio of time velocity integral of early and atrial filling (Ei/Ai) (p<0.001), and the ratio of the early peak to average velocity (PE/M) (p<0.001). The mean ejection fraction (EF) for the hypothyroid patients was 54.8 ± 5.54, which was slightly lower compared to the control subjects who had a mean EF of 55.6 ± 3.45. Conclusion:  In conclusion, the findings of this study indicate that sub-clinical hypothyroidism is associated with notable diastolic dysfunction, while systolic function remains largely unaffected. Recommendation: TSH and T4 need to be repeated at least once after 2-3 months. TPO antibodies which indicate an autoimmune etiology of hypothyroidism should be measured

Plant Derived Bioactive Compounds, Their Anti-Cancer Effects as an Alternative Target Treatment Strategy for Breast Cancer: An Updated Overview

For decades, cancer has been a major public health concern worldwide owing to its high mortality rate. Many therapeutic strategies have come up in the scientific world, but it\u27s pitiful to know that synthetic chemotherapeutic agents either cause adverse effects or cancer cells develop resistance to these agents. Plant-derived chemotherapeutic agents present a wide range of therapeutics and most are yet to be discovered. In the current review, we have discussed the tumoricidal properties of Mucuna pruriens (seed), Withania coagulans (berry), Anacyclus pyrethrum (rhizome), Arachis hypogea (leaf), Rhizaoma polygoni (root) and Terminalia chebula (fruit). We have also tried to summarize the latest research in cancer chemoprevention and treatment using the bioactive components from these natural plants. Pharmaceutical developmental challenges and opportunities in bringing the phytochemicals into the market are also explored. The authors wish to expand this research area not only for their scientific soundness, but also for their potential-yet-affordable druggability

Effects of different combinations of poultry manure and urea on growth, yield and economics of garlic (Allium sativum L.)

A field experiment was carried out in garlic (Allium sativum L.) in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications and five treatments in horticulture farm of Agriculture and Forestry University, Chitwan, Nepal to find out the efficacy of different combination of poultry manure and Urea as nitrogen fertilizers in its yield and yield attributes. The five treatments used for experiment were designed altering the recommended nitrogen dose through different sources i.e. (T1) 100% Urea, (T2) 7% Urea and 25% poultry manure, (T3) 50% Urea and 50% poultry manure, (T4) 25% Urea and 75% poultry manure and (T5) 100% poultry manure. The data regarding to the plant height, number of cloves, diameter of bulbs and fresh bulb weight were taken. In case of plant height, non-significant result was found between various treatments. The number of cloves was found highest in T5 (24.69±1.30), the diameter of bulb was found highest in T2 (3.93±0.39 cm), fresh bulb weight was found highest in T2 (14.32±0.39 gm) and total bulb yield was found highest in T2 (7.16±0.19 t/ha) which were significant at 5 % level of significance. The total bulb yield was found positively correlated (r=0.53) with diameter of bulb at 1 % level of significance. The benefit cost (B/C) ratio was found highest in T2 (1.54) and lowest in T3 (1.28). So 75% Urea and 25 % Poultry Manure stood one of the best combinations of nitrogen fertilizers providing higher economic yields

Bio prospecting of Lapachol producing endophytic fungi

Background: The association of endophytic fungi with medicinal plants has been one of the evolving areas of research in the past few decades. The secondary metabolites produced owing to such associations have been recognised for a wide range of biological activities. Objectives: The aim of the present review is to highlight the isolation of lapachol from endophytic microorganisms with an emphasis on its biotransformation to improve its efficacy. Methodology: The researchers followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Published scientific articles on endophytes, host-pathogen interaction and lapachol isolation were collected from reputed journals from 1960 to 2022 using electronic databases using the key words as stated. Following that, the authors chose the required papers based on the criteria they devised. The data was extracted using the common research elements found in the publications. Results and discussion: Lapachol is one such secondary metabolite known for potent antitumor properties. Synthesis of lapachol and its isolation from plant sources have been reported but an expensive process. Therefore, bioprospecting of this metabolite from endophytic fungi have been evaluated by a few researchers. It has been identified that A. niger and Alternaria alternata along with some of the filamentous endophytic fungi have been identified to produce lapachol. Some findings of biotransformation of lapachol to render it more potent have also been reported in the present review. Conclusion: Lapachol is one of the plant secondary metabolites that possess several therapeutic benefits. Owing to its isolation being highly expensive from plant sources, endophytes have been exploited. Furthering to the isolation, the biotrasformation of this bioactive molecule to enhance its efficiency has proven to be useful. In this regard, this review has enlightened some of the biotransformed lapachol and its derivatives with special emphasis on the endophytes that produce them. This review comprehensively highlights the various endophytic sources for lapachol production and its biotransformed derivatives