PENGUJIAN AKTIVITAS INHIBITOR LIPASE EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN HASIL FRAKSIONASI DARI KEDELAI DETAM 1 DAN DAUN JATI BELANDA

Salah satu pilihan pengelolaan obesitas adalah memperlambat absorbsi asam lemak dengan cara menginhibisi enzim lipase dalam saluran pencernaan. Inhibitor lipase pankreas dilaporkan telah berhasil dalam pengelolaan terapi obesitas. Senyawa aktif dalam Jati Belanda dan kedelai dapat berfungsi sebagai inhibitor lipase. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktifitas lipase dari ekstrak etanol kedelai Detam 1 (EEKD), daun Jati Belanda (EEJB), kombinasi serta hasil fraksionasinya menggunakan metode standar dan modifikasi. Uji aktifitas lipase terhadap EEKD, EEJB, kombinasinya serta fraksi etil asetat, air dan n-heksana menggunakan kit Lipase Liquicolor (HUMAN®) dengan prinsip kolorimetri, menggunakan spektrofotometer 580 nm. Metode modifikasi menggunakan 96 well plate, microplate reader 630 nm. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa aktifitas inhibitor lipase tertinggi didapatkan pada sampel kombinasi EEKD:EEJB perbandingan 1:2, baik menggunakan metode standar maupun metode modifikasi; fraksi yang mengandung aktifitas inhibitor lipase paling tinggi adalah fraksi air kedelai Detam 1 (KD-1) dan air Jati Belanda (JB) pada 100 ppm, serta aktifitas lipase dalam fraksi air JB lebih tinggi dari fraksi air KD-1

Protein Hydrolysate of Green Peas Bromelain Attenuates Kidney Fibrosis in Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity Rats: Emphasis on Anti-Inflammatory Activities

Massive tubule fibrosis is a histopathology hallmark of chronic renal failure (CRF). The previous study of protein hydrolysate of green pea (Pisum sativum) bromelain (PHGPB) showed promising results as an antifibrosis in glucose-induced renal mesangial culture cells, by decreasing their TGF-β levels. In this experiment the anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic effect of PHGPB in Cisplatin-induced chronic renal failure (CRF) rats was measured. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antifibrosis effect of PHGPB in Cisplatin-induced chronic renal failure rats. Five groups consisted of five rats: negative control, Cisplatin control, and three groups of Cisplatin+PHGPB (dose of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW/day) treated for 56 days. The examined parameters are Beta-2-microglobulin (β2MG), hs-CRP, histopathological observations of Masson's trichrome stain, and IHC. The level of β2MG and hs-CRP in the Cisplatin+PHGPB group lowered and was highly different from Cisplatin control (p<0.05) depending on doses. In histopathology, the Cisplatin+PHGPB 400 mg/kg BW group showed less fibrosis and no significant difference with the negative control in Masson trichome staining. While in IHC histopathology, PHGPB treatment slightly ameliorated TGF-β expression and intensity of TGF-β values convincingly. In conclusion, PHGPB can relieve kidney fibrosis in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity rats: Emphasis on anti-inflammatory activities

SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY TEST OF COMBINATION ETHANOL EXTRACT OF DETAM 1 SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L. MERR) AND JATI BELANDA (GUAZUMA ULMIFOLIA LAMK) TOWARD FUNCTION, WEIGHT, AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL OF WISTAR RAT LIVER

Objective: As an antiobesity therapy, combination extracts of Detam 1 soybean and Jati Belanda will be consumed for a long time; therefore, theirtoxicities to the liver need to be investigated. To determine the effect of subchronic toxicity test of combination of ethanol extract of Detam 1 soybean(EEDS) and ethanol extract of Jati Belanda (EEJB) on liver function with parameters: Alanine transaminase (ALT), macroscopic, and histopathologicalof liver.Methods: This study was conducted on 120 Wistar rats (60 males and 60 females), 90 days (treatment group) and 120 days (satellite group). Ratswere divided into six treatment groups (3 test materials, 1 control, and 2 satellites); each group included 10 males and 10 females.Results: ALT levels of treatment groups (low dose, medium, and high), both males and females were lower than the control group (p&lt;0.05). Thetreatment groups demonstrated a good effects effect on liver function. Liver weight of all groups showed no significant difference compared with thecontrol group (p&gt;0.05). Results of histopathological score interpretation of male and female liver rats of low dose groups were not disturbed; middledose groups were slightly disturbed and high dose groups were damaged. Satellite high doses of male groups were disrupted, while female groupswere not.Conclusion: The combination of EEDS and EEJB has a good effect on liver function, did not lead to change organ weight and at low doses did not causerenal histopathology damage in rats after 90 days administration.Keywords: Combination of soybean Jati Belanda, Toxicity subchronic test, Function, Weight, Histopathology, Liver

The ethanol extract of the bastard cedar (Guazuma ulmifolia L.) as antioxidants

Guazuma ulmifolia, or commonly known as the bastard cedar, has many pharmaceutical activities and is, therefore, claimed as a source of various plant-based medicines. This reserach was purposed to identify the antioxidant activities of the ethanolic extract of G. ulmifolia (EEGU) by phytochemical screening assay, total flavonoid and total phenolic testing, and comparative analysis between the antioxidant activities of EEGU and epicatechin. The qualitative phytochemical screening assay of EEGU detected the availability of phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and terpenoids, but not saponins and triterpenoids. Meanwhile, the total phenolic content was 32.24 µg GAE/mg extract, and the total flavonoid content decided using aluminum chloride reagent with quercetin standard, was 6.48 µg QE/mg extract. The role of antioxidants examined by FRAP, DPPH, H2O2, and ABTS assays. These assay are proved that the IC50 values of EEGU are higher than those of epicatechin. For DPPH scavenging, H2O2 scavenging, and ABTS reduction activities, EEGU resulted IC50 45.70 μg/mL, 162.93 μg/mL, and 35.96 μg/mL, while epicatechin only yielded IC50 0.56 μg/mL, 57.91 μg/mL, and 16.74 μg/mL respectively. Otherwise, the highest reduction in FRAP activities were shown at  50 μg/mL concentration  of epicatechin and EEGU were 236.33 and 202.71 µM Fe (II)/µg respectively. Based on these results, EEGU is concluded as an active natural product because it exhibit antioxidant activities

Ethanol Extract of Detam 1 Soybean Seed (Glycine Max L. Merr) for Chronic Kidney Disease Therapy by In Vitro Study

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has increased incidence and prevalence in developing nations. In this in vitro study, we evaluated the cells proliferative effects, fibronectin (FN), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β1), and Reactive oxygen species (ROS) - level inhibition potential of ethanol extract of detam 1 soybean seed (EEDS) on glucose-induced kidney mesangial cells (SV40 MES 13). The cells proliferation assay used 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay. FN and TGF-β1 level were measured using ELISA assay kit and ROS level using flow cytometry. Level of   FN, TGF-β1 and ROS, on CKD cells model (5 mM, 10 mM glucose-induced mesangial cell) treated with EEDS 6.25 µg/mL were lower significantly compared to positive control,  EEDS improve cells viability and decrease FN, TGF-β1 and ROS level in glucose-induced kidney mesangial cells as CKD cells model

Modulation of adipogenesis-related gene expression by ethanol extracts of Detam 1 soybean and Jati belanda leaf in 3T3-L1 cells

In this study, we evaluated the effects of ethanol extracts of Detam 1 soybean, Jati belanda leaf, and the combination toward expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR?), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBP?), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) genes in 3T3-L1 cells as anti-adipogenesis and anti-obesity. The differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells into adipocyte was conducted using induction medium consist of Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, insulin, dexamethasone, and fetal bovine serum. The expression of PPAR?, C/EBP?, and SCD1 gene was measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Ethanol extract of Jati belanda at a concentration of 50 ?g/mL was most effective to reduce PPAR?, C/EBP?, and SCD1 gene expression in 3T3-L1 cells. Ethanol extract of Detam 1 soybean failed to reduce PPAR? gene expression, whilst in the concentration of 50 ?g/mL it was able to significantly reduce the C/EBP? and SCD1 gene expression. Both ethanol extracts of Detam 1 soybean and Jati belanda have potential as anti-adipogenesis and anti-obesity by suppressing adipogenesis-related gene expression, particularly C/EBP? and SCD1. Video Clip of Methodology: Maintaining 3T3-L1 cell culture: 5 min 15 sec   Full Screen   Alternat