3D reconstruction of magnetization from dichroic soft X-ray transmission tomography

The development of magnetic nanostructures for applications in spintronics requires methods capable of visualizing their magnetization. Soft X‐ray magnetic imaging combined with circular magnetic dichroism allows nanostructures up to 100–300 nm in thickness to be probed with resolutions of 20–40 nm. Here a new iterative tomographic reconstruction method to extract the three‐dimensional magnetization configuration from tomographic projections is presented. The vector field is reconstructed by using a modified algebraic reconstruction approach based on solving a set of linear equations in an iterative manner. The application of this method is illustrated with two examples (magnetic nano‐disc and micro‐square heterostructure) along with comparison of error in reconstructions, and convergence of the algorithm

Occurrence of OsHV-1 in Crassostrea gigas cultured in Ireland during an exceptionally warm summer. Selection of less susceptible oysters

The occurrence of OsHV-1, a herpes virus causing mass mortality in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas was investigated with the aim to select individuals with different susceptibility to the infection. Naïve spat transferred to infected areas and juveniles currently being grown at those sites were analyzed using molecular and histology approaches. The survey period distinguishes itself by very warm temperatures reaching up to 3.5°C above the average. The virus was not detected in the virus free area although a spread of the disease could be expected due to high temperatures. Overall mortality, prevalence of infection and viral load was higher in spat confirming the higher susceptibility in early life stages. OsHV-1 and oyster mortality were detected in naïve spat after 15 days of cohabitation with infected animals. Although, infection was associated with mortality in spat, the high seawater temperatures could also be the direct cause of mortality at the warmest site. One stock of juveniles suffered an event of abnormal mortality that was significantly associated with OsHV-1 infection. Those animals were infected with a previously undescribed microvariant whereas the other stocks were infected with OsHV-1 μVar. Cell lesions due to the infection were observed by histology and true infections were corroborated by in situ hybridization. Survivors from the natural outbreak were exposed to OsHV-1 μVar by intramuscular injection and were compared to naïve animals. The survival rate in previously exposed animals was significantly higher than in naïve oysters. Results derived from this study allowed the selection of animals that might possess interesting characteristics for future analysis on OsHV-1 resistance

Correlations Between Parental Inbred Lines and Derived Hybrid Performance for Grain Filling Traits in Maize

Individual kernel weight (KW) is largely genetically determined, and its variability is achieved through different combinations of rate and duration of kernel growth. Genetic variability for grain-filling patterns has been observed among inbred lines and commercial hybrids, and there is current interest on dissecting its genetic basis. However, suitable grain filling phenotyping protocols are still to be determined, such as the value to study traits at the inbred or hybrid levels. The objective of our study was to evaluate the correlation between parental inbred line and derived hybrid performance for several grain-filling traits in maize (Zea mays L.). We hypothesized that there would be high correlations due to the relative high heritability of grainfilling traits. Three trials were conducted (two in Argentina and one in the United States) with commercial relevant germplasm (totaling 25 parental inbreds and 31 single-cross hybrids). Traits were KW, kernel growth rate (KGR), grainfilling duration (GFD), maximum water content (MWC), moisture concentration at physiological maturity (MCPM), and kernel desiccation rate (KDR) during the effective grain filling. Both heterosis and correlations between midparental value and hybrid performance were significant (p < 0.05) for all traits (r values of 0.63, 0.71, 0.81, 0.83, 0.61, and 0.71 for KW, KGR, GFD, MWC, KDR, and MCPM, respectively). Our results confirm that studying inbred lines for grain-filling traits generates valuable information for derived hybrid performanceFil: Alvarez Prado, Santiago. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Cs.agrarias. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gambin, Brenda Laura. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Cs.agrarias. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Novoa, A. Daniel. Nidera S. A; ArgentinaFil: Foster, Daniel. Syngenta Seeds; Estados UnidosFil: Senior, M. Lynn. Syngenta Biotechnology,; Estados UnidosFil: Zinselmeier, Christopher. Syngenta Seeds; Estados UnidosFil: Otegui, Maria Elena. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Borras, Lucas. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Cs.agrarias. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Kernel weight in maize: genetic control of its physiological and compositional determinants in a dent × flint-caribbean RIL population

The genetic control of maize kernel weight (KW) determination could be studied through its physiological and/ or compositional determinants. Our objective was to dissect the genetic control of maize KW by analyzing its physiological (KGR: kernel growth rate; KFD: kernel filling duration) and compositional (protein, oil, starch) determinants in a dent×flint Caribbean RIL population, which combines a broad genetic background with grains of high added value for industry. An additional objective was to determine the stability of the genetic control under contrasting growing conditions, for which soil nitrogen offer was modified across experiments. Heritability (H2 ) values were high for KW (H2 = 0.74) and intermediate for the other traits (from 0.62 to 0.42). Kernel weight had a strong correlation with KFD (r = 0.69), KGR (r = 0.60) and protein concentration (r = 0.56). Ten joint QTL with inconsistent effects across years and seven epistatic interactions were detected. Despite changes in effect size, most QTL were significant under both environments. Nine QTL were associated with variations in potential KW (KWP), mean KW, KGR and oil concentration, eight with variations in protein and starch concentration and seven with KFD. Epistatic interactions were related to regions with significant main effects. The most important finding was the existence of a common QTL for KWP, KGR and KFD on chromosome 5, for which there was no previous report. Results increased our knowledge on the genetic control of KW through its phenotypic and genetic correlation with KFD, confirming the need to explore different physiological strategies in different genetic backgrounds.Fil: Mandolino, Cecilia Ines. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario; ArgentinaFil: D'andrea, Karina Elizabeth. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Vegetal. Cátedra de Producción Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario; ArgentinaFil: Piedra, Carlina Victoria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Vegetal. Cátedra de Producción Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez Prado, Santiago. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Olmos, Sofia Eugenia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario; ArgentinaFil: Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Otegui, Maria Elena. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Vegetal. Cátedra de Producción Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario; Argentin

DISCAPACIDAD VISUAL, CREATIVIDAD Y EDUCACIÓN

In the following work arises the importance in the education of key elements such as creativity and divergent thinking. This article has as main objective the review of the studies of visual disability and creativity. This study aims to a systematic reflection of the synthetic quantitative estimate of all of the available studies, posing a theoretical framework linking creativity in the education of students with visual impairment, providing personal assessments. Inside the findings evidenced the function of the creative potential, through divergent thinking in the creation of concepts and ideas, solving problems, with interest not only in education but in any area of life.En el siguiente trabajo se plantea la importancia en la educación de elementos clave como son la creatividad, y el pensamiento divergente. Esta exposición tiene como principal objetivo la revisión de los estudios de discapacidad visual y creatividad. Pretendemos una reflexión sistematizada de la estimación cuantitativa sintética de todos los estudios disponibles, planteando un marco teórico relacionando la creatividad en la educación de alumnos con deficiencia visual, aportándose valoraciones personales. Dentro de las conclusiones obtenidas, se evidencia la función del potencial creativo, por medio del pensamiento divergente en la creación de conceptos e ideas, para la resolución de problemas, con interés no solo en la educación, sino en cualquier ámbito de la vid

EL PAPEL DE LOS PROFESIONALES Y LA FAMILIA EN LA DISCAPACIDAD VISUAL DESDE LA REVISIÓN TEÓRICA

There are few studies dealing with the relationship between the family, disability, and health and education professionals. He present work has as main objective it review of them studies on the role of families of people with functional diversity and its relationship with the professionals involved. We want a systematic reflection of the synthetic quantitative estimate of all of the available studies, establishing a theoretical framework on the situation of the families of people with functional diversity and its relationship with health and education professionals. In this study provides personal estimations about the above mentioned variables. Within them conclusions obtained, is evidence the relevance of the cooperation joint of family and professional for an education effective, with an involvement more significant from the parents in the school.Son escasos los estudios que tratan la relación entre la familia, la discapacidad y los profesionales de la educación y la salud. El presente trabajo tiene como principal objetivo la revisión de los estudios sobre el papel de las familias de las personas con diversidad funcional y su relación con los profesionales implicados. Pretendemos una reflexión sistematizada de la estimación cuantitativa sintética de todos los estudios disponibles, estableciendo un marco teórico sobre la situación de las familias de personas con diversidad funcional y su relación con los profesionales de la salud y la educación. En este estudio se aportan valoraciones personales acerca de las variables anteriormente citadas. Dentro de las conclusiones obtenidas, se evidencia la relevancia de la cooperación conjunta de familiares y profesionales para una educación eficaz, con una implicación más significativa por parte de los padres en la escuela.

ANALISIS DE LA CREATIVIDAD EN LA DISCAPACIDAD VISUAL Y SU RELEVANCIA EN LA EDUCACIÓN

In the following work arises the importance in the education of key elements such as creativity and divergent thinking. This article has as main objective the review of the studies of visual disability and creativity. This study aims to a systematic reflection of the synthetic quantitative estimate of all of the available studies, posing a theoretical framework linking creativity in the education of students with visual impairment, providing personal assessments. Inside the findings evidenced the function of the creative potential, through divergent thinking in the creation of concepts and ideas, solving problems, with interest not only in education but in any area of life.En el siguiente trabajo se plantea la importancia en la educación de elementos clave como son la creatividad, y el pensamiento divergente. Esta exposición tiene como principal objetivo la revisión de los estudios de discapacidad visual y creatividad. Pretendemos una reflexión sistematizada de la estimación cuantitativa sintética de todos los estudios disponibles, planteando un marco teórico relacionando la creatividad en la educación de alumnos con deficiencia visual, aportándose valoraciones personales. Dentro de las conclusiones obtenidas, se evidencia la función del potencial creativo, por medio del pensamiento divergente en la creación de conceptos e ideas, para la resolución de problemas, con interés no solo en la educación, sino en cualquier ámbito de la vida

CALIDAD DE VIDA, EDUCACIÓN Y ÁMBITO FAMILIAR EN LA DISCAPACIDAD VISUAL DESDE LA REVISIÓN TEÓRICA

There are few studies that try it relationship between the family and it disability, as well as the importance of it quality of life and the relationship between it education and the family. He present work has as main objective it review of them studies on the paper of them families of them people with diversity functional and its quality of life. Intend to a reflection systematized of the estimate quantitative synthetic of all them studies available, establishing a framework theoretical about the relationship between them families with diversity functional and the quality of life. In this study provides personal estimations about the above mentioned variables. Within the findings, it is evident that the family plays a fundamental role as the first educational core. However, has of combine is efforts for a work joint with them professional with greater involvement in the education, without diminishing the role that exercise them parents, betting is by a well common.Existen pocos estudios que traten la relación entre la familia y la discapacidad, así como la importancia de la calidad de vida y la relación entre la educación y la familia. El presente trabajo tiene como principal objetivo la revisión de los estudios sobre el papel de las familias de las personas con diversidad funcional y su calidad de vida. Pretendemos una reflexión sistematizada de la estimación cuantitativa sintética de todos los estudios disponibles, estableciendo un marco teórico sobre la relación entre las familias con diversidad funcional y la calidad de vida. En este estudio se aportan valoraciones personales acerca de las variables anteriormente citadas. Dentro de las conclusiones obtenidas, se evidencia que la familia juega un papel fundamental como primer núcleo educativo. No obstante, ha de aunarse esfuerzos para una labor conjunta con los profesionales con mayor implicación en la educación, sin desmerecer el papel que ejercen los progenitores, apostándose por un bien común

Product Innovation, Market Intelligence and Pricing Capability as a Competitive Advantage in the International Performance of Startups: Case of Peru

Since the COVID-19 pandemic arrived, various options have been created to export products, with the creation and development of startups becoming a viable and significant option. Previous research has described the influence of competitive business advantage on international performance. However, the novelty of the current research was to evaluate the influence of the company’s capabilities, through the competitive advantage of the company as a mediator in international performance. The study was based on the responses of 200 active startups in Peru. The PLS-SEM technique was utilized with the company’s capabilities linked to internationalization processes as independent variables, as well as market intelligence, product innovation, and pricing. The mediating variable was competitive advantage, and the dependent variable was international performance. It was found that all three capabilities influenced competitive advantage and, ultimately, international performance. It was concluded that competitive advantage does not act as a mediator between pricing capabilities and the international performance of startups. Moreover, it was determined that competitive advantage acts as a mediator between two of the three assessed capabilities: market intelligence capabilities and product innovation capabilities. The results were supported by the reflective and formative evaluation of the results obtained through the applied technique. These results could help create better programs to promote startups interested in internationalizing and exporting products