Pressupostos teóricos da sensibilidade de Maffesoli e Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas na Educação de Enfermagem

OBJETIVO: compreender o cotidiano e o imaginário dos alunos de Enfermagem em seu processo socializador do conhecimento, através da estratégia de Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas. MÉTODO: Pesquisa-Ação, desenvolvida com 86 alunos da segunda turma de um curso de graduação em Enfermagem, na Espanha. Utilizou-se um Questionário de Incidências Críticas e Entrevista Grupal, análise temática/categorial, triangulação de investigadores, sujeitos e técnicas. RESULTADOS: os estudantes indicaram a necessidade de se ter uma visão de dentro, reforçando a crítica contra o dualismo esquemático; a Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas possibilita: aprender a estar com o outro, com sua solidariedade mecânica e orgânica; o sentir juntos, com ênfase no aprender a trabalhar em grupo e querer estar próximo daquele que cuida. CONCLUSÕES: as grandes contradições vividas pelos protagonistas do processo, os estudantes, parecem expressar que a aprendizagem grupal não é uma forma de ganhar conhecimentos, ao tirar seu tempo para estudar. O cotidiano, o tempo de execução e o imaginário de como precisa ser a aprendizagem parece não possuir um ponto de encontro na utilização da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas. Reforça-se a importância de enfocar o cotidiano e o imaginário quando se pensa na educação em enfermagem.OBJETIVO: comprender lo cotidiano y lo imaginario de los alumnos de Enfermería en su proceso socializador del conocimiento a través de la estrategia del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP). MÉTODO: Investigación Acción, desarrollada con 86 alumnos de 2º curso de Grado en Enfermería en España. Se utilizó Cuestionario de Incidencias Críticas y Entrevista grupal. Análisis temático/categorial, triangulación de investigadores, sujetos y técnicas. RESULTADOS: los estudiantes señalan la necesidad de tener una visión desde dentro, reforzando la crítica al dualismo esquemático; el ABP posibilita aprender a estar con otro, con su solidaridad mecánica y orgánica; el sentir juntos, con su énfasis en aprender a trabajar en grupo y querer estar próximo de aquel que cuida. CONCLUSIONES: Las grandes contradicciones que viven los protagonistas del proceso, los estudiantes, parecen expresar que el aprendizaje grupal no sea una forma de adquirir conocimientos, al incidir en que les quita tiempo para estudiar. Lo cotidiano, el tiempo de ejecución, y lo imaginario de cómo precisa ser el aprendizaje, parecen no tener un punto de encuentro en la utilización del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas. Reforzar la importancia de enfocar lo cotidiano y lo imaginario, cuando pensamos en la educación en enfermería.OBJECTIVE: understand the everyday and the imaginary of Nursing students in their knowledge socialization process through the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) strategy. METHOD: Action Research, involving 86 students from the second year of an undergraduate Nursing program in Spain. A Critical Incident Questionnaire and Group interview were used. Thematic/categorical analysis, triangulation of researchers, subjects and techniques. RESULTS: the students signal the need to have a view from within, reinforcing the criticism against the schematic dualism; PBL allows one to learn how to be with the other, with his mechanical and organic solidarity; the feeling together, with its emphasis on learning to work in group and wanting to be close to the person taking care. CONCLUSIONS: The great contradictions the protagonists of the process, that is, the students experience seem to express that group learning is not a form of gaining knowledge, as it makes them lose time to study. The daily, the execution time and the imaginary of how learning should be do not seem to have an intersection point in the use of Problem-Based Learning. The importance of focusing on the daily and the imaginary should be reinforced when we consider nursing education

Faster monitoring of the invasive alien species (IAS) Dreissena polymorpha in river basins through isothermal amplification

Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) is considered as one of the 100 most harmful IAS in the world. Traditional detection methods have limitations, and PCR based environmental DNA detection has provided interesting results for early warning. However, in the last years, the development of isothermal amplification methods has received increasing attention. Among them, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has several advantages, including its higher tolerance to the presence of inhibitors and the possibility of naked-eye detection, which enables and simplifies its potential use in decentralized settings. In the current study, a real-time LAMP (qLAMP) method for the detection of Dreissena polymorpha was developed and tested with samples from the Guadalquivir River basin, together with two real-time PCR (qPCR) methods using different detection chemistries, targeting a specific region of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome C oxidase subunit I. All three developed approaches were evaluated regarding specificity, sensitivity and time required for detection. Regarding sensitivity, both qPCR approaches were more sensitive than qLAMP by one order of magnitude, however the qLAMP method proved to be as specific and much faster being performed in just 9 min versus 23 and 29 min for the qPCR methods based on hydrolysis probe and intercalating dye respectivelyThis work was supported by a partnership agreement project between the Confederación Hidrográfica del Guadalquivir and INL for the development of a system for early detection of zebra mussels through analysis of environmental DNA, and by project Nanotechnology Based Functional Solutions (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000019), supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund. S. A. acknowledges the Portuguese funding institution FCT – Fundação para Ciência e Tecnologia for Ph.D. scholarship SFRH/BD/140396/2018S

Genetic model of transformation and neoplastic progression in laryngeal epithelium

Background: To analyse genetic alterations in the transformation-progression model of larynx tumors. Methods: Copy number changes of 37 genes were analyzed by MLPA in 94 tissue samples. Results: In the smoker normal mucosa group TP53 loss was predominant, while in the precursor lesions CDKN2A loss and CDKN2D gain were most frequent. Precursor lesions with progression presented CTNNB1 loss. In the carcinoma group the most common changes were CDKN2A, MLH1, CTNNB1, CASP6 losses and RECQL4, CCND1, EMS1 gains. Positive lymph node primary tumors were related to TP53, IL1A, RB1 losses and STK11 gain. The lymph node metastases differed from their corresponding primary tumor in LMNA, RECQL4 and IGF1R losses, and N33, CDKN2D gains. Conclusions: Genetic changes and new key genes were found associated to specific steps of transformation-progression. We included new steps, not presented in the classical models: normal mucosa tobacco exposed, positive lymph node primary tumor and corresponding lymph node mestatases.projects PI02-0831 and PI07-0153 from “Fondos de Investigaciones Sanitarias” (FIS), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Spain. Project IB05-115 from Fundación de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (FICYT), Asturias. Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cáncer (RTICC) (RD06/0020/0034) del ISCIII, Spain. IUOPA-Obra Social Caja Astur, Spain

Interlaboratory validation of a multiplex qPCR method for the detection of listeria monocytogenes in a ready-to-eat seafood product

Listeria monocytogenes is a major foodborne pathogen which mainly infects susceptible individuals through the consumption of contaminated foods. To this end, ready-to-eat (RTE) food products are of particular concern as this microorganism is widely distributed, can survive, and even grow, under adverse conditions, and thus must be carefully controlled. In the present study, an interlaboratory ring trial was organized to evaluate an open formula qPCR-based method for the detection of L. monocytogenes. The molecular method was evaluated on a novel RTE seafood product, developed in the framework of a European project, the SEAFOODAGE (EAPA_758/2018). Six laboratories located in Spain and Portugal participated in the study, and the results obtained indicated that this new method presented high diagnostic sensitivity (100%) reaching a low limit of detection (<10CFU/25 g) with an overall agreement with the reference method, attending to the Cohen's k, of 0.97 that is interpreted as almost complete agreement.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Saliencia Aberrante y Componentes del Modelo de Gray en el Desarrollo de la Sintomatología Positiva

Recently, research focused on the study of the bases of psychosis has placed the accent on aberrant salience (Kapur, 2003). Likewise, it has been shown that the emotional systems proposed by Gray (1982), related to sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward, influence the development of various psychopathologies. The role of these systems in psychosis has hardly been investigated. The objective of this work was to study the mediating role of sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward in the relationship between aberrant salience and positive symptomatology, understood as ideas of reference, persecutory ideas and hallucinatory propensity in a sample composed of 259 students of the University of Seville (Spain). The results showed a partial mediation of the sensitivity to punishment and the sensitivity to reward in the mediation model of the ideas of reference, as well as a partial mediation of the SR in the model of the hallucinatory propensity. However, no mediation was observed neither of the sensitivity to punishment nor of the sensitivity to reward in the persecutory ideas model. According to these results, it seems that the sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward are basic characteristics of the personality that could influence the development of some positive symptoms, and therefore, of psychosis.ResumenRecientemente, las investigaciones centradas en estudio de las bases de la psicosis han puesto el acento en la saliencia aberrante (Kapur, 2003). Asimismo, se ha demostrado que los sistemas emocionales propuestos por Gray (1982), relacionados con la sensibilidad al castigo y la sensibilidad a la recompensa, influyen en el desarrollo de diversas psicopatologías. Apenas se ha investigado sobre el papel de estos sistemas en la sintomatología positiva. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar el papel mediador de la sensibilidad al castigo y la sensibilidad a la recompensa en la relación entre la saliencia aberrante y la sintomatología positiva, entendida como ideas de referencia, ideas persecutorias y propensión alucinatoria en una muestra compuesta por 259 estudiantes de la Universidad de Sevilla (España). Los resultados mostraron una mediación parcial de la sensibilidad al castigo y la sensibilidad a la recompensa en el modelo de mediación de las ideas de referencia, así como una mediación parcial de la sensibilidad a la recompensa en el modelo de la propensión alucinatoria. No obstante, no se observó mediación ni de la sensibilidad al castigo ni de la sensibilidad a la recompensa en el modelo de las ideas persecutorias. Según estos resultados, parecer ser que la sensibilidad al castigo y la sensibilidad a la recompensa son características básicas de la personalidad que podrían influir en el desarrollo de algunos síntomas positivos, y por ello, de la psicosis.AbstractRecently, research focused on the study of the bases of psychosis has placed the accent on aberrant salience (Kapur, 2003). Likewise, it has been shown that the emotional systems proposed by Gray (1982), related to sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward, influence the development of various psychopathologies. The role of these systems in psychosis has hardly been investigated. The objective of this work was to study the mediating role of sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward in the relationship between aberrant salience and positive symptomatology, understood as ideas of reference, persecutory ideas and hallucinatory propensity in a sample composed of 259 students of the University of Seville (Spain). The results showed a partial mediation of the sensitivity to punishment and the sensitivity to reward in the mediation model of the ideas of reference, as well as a partial mediation of the SR in the model of the hallucinatory propensity. However, no mediation was observed neither of the sensitivity to punishment nor of the sensitivity to reward in the persecutory ideas model. According to these results, it seems that the sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward are basic characteristics of the personality that could influence the development of some positive symptoms, and therefore, of psychosis

Nanoscale imaging of buried topological defects with quantitative X-ray magnetic microscopy

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.-- et al.Advances in nanoscale magnetism increasingly require characterization tools providing detailed descriptions of magnetic configurations. Magnetic transmission X-ray microscopy produces element specific magnetic domain images with nanometric lateral resolution in films up to ∼100 nm thick. Here we present an imaging method using the angular dependence of magnetic contrast in a series of high resolution transmission X-ray microscopy images to obtain quantitative descriptions of the magnetization (canting angles relative to surface normal and sense). This method is applied to 55-120 nm thick ferromagnetic NdCo 5 layers (canting angles between 65° and 22°), and to a NdCo 5 film covered with permalloy. Interestingly, permalloy induces a 43° rotation of Co magnetization towards surface normal. Our method allows identifying complex topological defects (merons or 1/2 skyrmions) in a NdCo 5 film that are only partially replicated by the permalloy overlayer. These results open possibilities for the characterization of deeply buried magnetic topological defects, nanostructures and devices.Work supported by Spanish MINECO under grant FIS2013-45469. A. Hierro-Rodriguez acknowledges support from FCT of Portugal (Grant SFRH/BPD/90471/2012). C. Blanco-Roldán thanks support from CSIC JAE Predoc Program.Peer Reviewe

Presupuestos teóricos de la sensibilidad de Maffesoli y Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas en Educación en Enfermería

Objetivo: comprender lo cotidiano y lo imaginario de los alumnos de Enfermería en su proceso socializador del conocimiento a través de la estrategia del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP). Método: Investigación Acción, desarrollada con 86 alumnos de 2º curso de Grado en Enfermería en España. Se utilizó Cuestionario de Incidencias Críticas y Entrevista grupal. Análisis temático/categorial, triangulación de investigadores, sujetos y técnicas. Resultados: los estudiantes señalan la necesidad de tener una visión desde dentro, reforzando la crítica al dualismo esquemático; el ABP posibilita aprender a estar con otro, con su solidaridad mecánica y orgánica; el sentir juntos, con su énfasis en aprender a trabajar en grupo y querer estar próximo de aquel que cuida. Conclusiones: Las grandes contradicciones que viven los protagonistas del proceso, los estudiantes, parecen expresar que el aprendizaje grupal no sea una forma de adquirir conocimientos, al incidir en que les quita tiempo para estudiar. Lo cotidiano, el tiempo de ejecución, y lo imaginario de cómo precisa ser el aprendizaje, parecen no tener un punto de encuentro en la utilización del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas. Reforzar la importancia de enfocar lo cotidiano y lo imaginario, cuando pensamos en la educación en enfermería

Confluencia entre la gestión de calidad y la gestión del conocimiento en educación superior

p. 183-208La exigencia de la calidad en realidad viene determinada por las amenazas que acechan a los sistemas educativos: la desregulación, la baja natalidad de los países desarrollados, la difusión determinada por las tecnologías, la progresión del conocimiento, la globalización y la introducción de las competencias y estándares en los sistemas educativos que generalizan la necesidad de accountability, de rendimiento de cuentas de lo invertido en educación (Cantón, 2010; 2012). Como complemento para conseguir una educación de calidad, la gestión del conocimiento se presenta como un instrumento y a la vez como una herramienta para su consecución. Lamentablemente está aprisionada por barreras y limitaciones que la hacen vulnerable. En este Simposio se presentan ambas cuestiones y a la vez se presenta una realización práctica de las mismas con el caso de la acreditación de las universidades chilena

Development and Evaluation of a Disease Large Animal Model for Preclinical Assessment of Renal Denervation Therapies

[EN] New-generation catheters-based renal denervation (RDN) is under investigation for the treatment of uncontrolled hypertension (HTN). We assessed the feasibility of a large animal model of HTN to accommodate the human RDN devices. Ten minipigs were instrumented to measure blood pressure (BP) in an awake-state. HTN was induced with subcutaneous 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOCA, 100 mg/kg) implants. Five months after, the surviving animals underwent RDN with the Symplicity® system. Norepinephrine (NE) renal gradients were determined before and 1 month after RDN. Renal arteries were processed for histological (hematoxylin-eosin, Movat pentachrome) and immunohistochemical (S100, tyrosine-hydroxylase) analyses. BP significantly rose after DOCA implants. Six animals died prematurely, mainly from infectious causes. The surviving animals showed stable BP levels after 5 months. One month after RDN, nerve damage was showed in three animals, with impedance drop >10%, NE gradient drop and reduction in BP. The fourth animal showed no nerve damage, impedance drop <10%, NE gradient increase and no change in BP. In conclusion, the minipig model of DOCA-induced HTN is feasible, showing durable effects. High mortality should be addressed in next iterations of this model. RDN may partially offset the DOCA-induced HTN. Impedance drop and NE renal gradient could be markers of RDN success.SIThis research was funded by Consejería de Salud, Junta de Castilla and Leon, Spain, the Grant GRS 1001/A/2014.We want to thank Medtronic Iberia for the donation of the Symplicity catheters used in this experiment