Unterstützung beim Übergang von der Schule zur Hochschule durch präzise Studieninformationen und Online-Self-Assessments

Der Beitrag beschreibt das Projekt OptimiSt der Universität Marburg, das bei der Wahl eines individuell passenden Studiengangs Hilfestellung bietet. Auf Basis wissenschaftlicher Anforderungsanalysen werden zielgruppengerechte Studiengangswebseiten erstellt, die eine valide und umfassende Informationsbasis für Studieninteressierte bieten. Als zweite Maßnahme werden studiengangsspezifische Online-Self-Assessments für eine realistische Einschätzung der eigenen Passung entwickelt. Ziel des Beitrags ist es, die gewonnenen Praxiserfahrungen zu bündeln und Hinweise für die Realisierung ähnlicher Projekte zu geben. 19.12.2014 | Svea Hasenberg, Kai Guttschick, Lothar Schmidt-Atzert, Gerhard Stemmler, Günter Kohlhaas, Marlene Schütz & Miriam Prüssner (Marburg

Persistent high cortisol responses to repeated psychological stress in a subpopulation of healthy men

The present study tested the hypothesis that some subjects may not readily show habituation of adrenocortical stress responses to repeated psychological stress. Twenty healthy male subjects were each exposed five times to the same, brief psychosocial stressor (public speaking and mental arithmetic in front of an audience) with one stress session per day. Salivary cortisol levels were assessed as an index of adrenocortical stress responses. For the total group, cortisol levels were significantly elevated on each of the 5 days. The mean response decreased from day 1 to day 2; however, no further attenuation could be observed on the remaining days. Cluster analysis revealed two groups of subjects who showed completely different response kinetics. In the first group (N = 13), termed "low responders," cortisol levels were elevated on day 1 only. Day 2 to 5 cortisol levels were unaltered. In contrast, subjects in the second group ("high responders") displayed large increases to each of the five experimental treatments. This group had no significant response decrement from day 1 to day 2 to 4 and only a marginal response difference between day 1 and day 5. Discriminant analysis revealed that a combination of five personality scales plus the scores on a symptoms checklist significantly discriminated between high and low responders. With this discriminant function, all 20 subjects were correctly classified to the two groups. These results are discussed with a focus on the possible impact of adrenocortical response types on health and disease

Healthy women with severe early life trauma show altered neural facilitation of emotion inhibition under acute stress

BackgroundAcross psychopathologies, trauma-exposed individuals suffer from difficulties in inhibiting emotions and regulating attention. In trauma-exposed individuals without psychopathology, only subtle alterations of neural activity involved in regulating emotions have been reported. It remains unclear how these neural systems react to demanding environments, when acute (non-traumatic but ordinary) stress serves to perturbate the system. Moreover, associations with subthreshold clinical symptoms are poorly understood.MethodsThe present fMRI study investigated response inhibition of emotional faces before and after psychosocial stress situations. Specifically, it compared 25 women (mean age 31.5 ± 9.7 years) who had suffered severe early life trauma but who did not have a history of or current psychiatric disorder, with 25 age- and education-matched trauma-naïve women.ResultsUnder stress, response inhibition related to fearful faces was reduced in both groups. Compared to controls, trauma-exposed women showed decreased left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activation under stress when inhibiting responses to fearful faces, while activation of the right anterior insula was slightly increased. Also, groups differed in brain–behaviour correlations. Whereas stress-induced false alarm rates on fearful stimuli negatively correlated with stress-induced IFG signal in controls, in trauma-exposed participants, they positively correlated with stress-induced insula activation.ConclusionNeural facilitation of emotion inhibition during stress appears to be altered in trauma-exposed women, even without a history of or current psychopathology. Decreased activation of the IFG in concert with heightened bottom-up salience of fear related cues may increase vulnerability to stress-related diseases.publishe

nagy opera 5 felvonásban - forditotta Vizváry Gy. - zenéjét szerzette Verdi Jakab

Debreczeni Szinház. Pénteken Deczember 28-kán 1866. adatik. Uj opera először. Uj diszlet és jelmezekkel.Debreceni Egyetem Egyetemi és Nemzeti Könyvtá