L’ordinateur portable comme instrument de musique

National audienceDans le but de réunir tous les aspects de la performance musicale autour du même objet, l’ordinateur portable, nous repensons l’interaction avec ce dernier pour donner naissance à une pratique musicale, la musique de bureau. Cette démonstration montre comment il est possible de "jouer de l’ordinateur portable" comme un instrument à percussion et comme un instrument à vent

Synergistic topological and supramolecular control of Diels-Alder reactivity based on a tunable self-complexing hos-guest molecular switch

International audienceCompartmentalization and binding‐triggered conformational change regulate many metabolic processes in living matter. Here, we have synergistically combined these two biorelevant processes to tune the Diels‐Alder (DA) reactivity of a synthetic self‐complexing host‐guest molecular switch CBPQT4+‐Fu, consisting of an electron‐rich furan unit covalently attached to the electron‐deficient cyclobis(paraquat‐p‐phenylene) tetrachloride (CBPQT4+, 4Cl‐) host. This design allows CBPQT4+‐Fu to efficiently compartmentalize the furan ring inside its host cavity in water, thereby protecting it from the DA reaction with maleimide. Remarkably, the self‐complexed CBPQT4+‐Fu can undergo a conformational change through intramolecular decomplexation upon the addition of a stronger binding molecular naphthalene derivative as a competitive guest, triggering the DA reaction upon addition of a chemical regulator. Remarkably, connecting the guest onto a thermoresponsive lower critical solution temperature (LCST) copolymer regulator controls the DA reaction on command upon heating and cooling the reaction media beyond and below the cloud point temperature of the copolymer, representing a rare example of decreased reactivity upon increasing temperature. Altogether, this work opens up new avenues towards combined topological and supramolecular control over reactivity in synthetic constructs enabling control over reactivity through molecular regulators or even mild temperature variations

Effect of chemical modifications on modulation of gene expression by duplex antigene RNAs that are complementary to non-coding transcripts at gene promoters

Antigene RNAs (agRNAs) are small RNA duplexes that target non-coding transcripts rather than mRNA and specifically suppress or activate gene expression in a sequence-dependent manner. For many applications in vivo, it is likely that agRNAs will require chemical modification. We have synthesized agRNAs that contain different classes of chemical modification and have tested their ability to modulate expression of the human progesterone receptor gene. We find that both silencing and activating agRNAs can retain activity after modification. Both guide and passenger strands can be modified and functional agRNAs can contain 2′F-RNA, 2′OMe-RNA, and locked nucleic acid substitutions, or combinations of multiple modifications. The mechanism of agRNA activity appears to be maintained after chemical modification: both native and modified agRNAs modulate recruitment of RNA polymerase II, have the same effect on promoter-derived antisense transcripts, and must be double-stranded. These data demonstrate that agRNA activity is compatible with a wide range of chemical modifications and may facilitate in vivo applications

CTF3 Design Report: Preliminary Phase

The design of CLIC is based on a two-beam scheme, where the short pulses of high power 30 GHz RF are extracted from a drive beam running parallel to the main beam. The 3rd generation CLIC Test Facility (CTF3) will demonstrate the generation of the drive beam with the appropriate time structure, the extraction of 30 GHz RF power from this beam, as well as acceleration of a probe beam with 30 GHz RF cavities. The project makes maximum use of existing equipment and infrastructure of the LPI complex, which became available after the closure of LEP. In the first stage of the project, the "Preliminary Phase", the existing LIL linac and the EPA ring, both modified to suit the new requirements, are used to investigate the technique of frequency multiplication by means of interleaving bunches from subsequent trains. This report describes the design of this phase

New cyclodextrins-containing polytopic receptors for aqueous catalysis

Pour s’affranchir des problèmes liés à l’hydrophobie des alcènes terminaux dans des réactions d’hydroformylation utilisant des catalyseurs organométalliques hydrosolubles, l’association de polymères et de cyclodextrines (CDs) a été mise à profit pour concevoir de nouveaux additifs et de nouveaux milieux réactionnels. Trois combinaisons polymères/CDs ont été développées, soit par liaison covalente, soit par assemblage supramoléculaire. Premièrement, le greffage covalent de CDs partiellement méthylées sur des chaines polymères a permis d’augmenter significativement les capacités de reconnaissance moléculaire des CDs vis-à-vis d’alcènes possédant des chaines alkyles linéaires de plus de 12 carbones. La coopérativité entre CDs résultant de ce greffage covalent a conduit à une amélioration significative des performances catalytiques. Deuxièmement, des hydrogels supramoléculaires composés de poly(éthylène) glycols et d’α-CDs ont été utilisés avec succès en tant que milieu réactionnel dans des réactions d’hydroformylation biphasique. Enfin, des nouveaux systèmes catalytiques dits « intelligents » ont été obtenus en additionnant les propriétés de reconnaissance moléculaire des CDs partiellement méthylées avec celles de polymères thermosensibles.To overcome the problems related to the hydrophobicity of terminal alkenes in hydroformylation reactions using water-soluble organometallic catalysts, the combination of polymers and cyclodextrins (CDs) has been exploited to develop new additives and new reaction media. Three combinations polymers/CDs have been developed, either covalently or by supramolecular assembly. First, the covalent grafting of partially methylated CDs on polymer chains significantly increased the capacity of molecular recognition of the CDs regarding alkenes with linear alkyl chains longer than 12 carbons. Cooperativity between CDs resulting from the covalent grafting led to a significant improvement in catalytic performance. Second, supramolecular hydrogels composed of poly(ethylene) glycol and α-CDs have been successfully used as a reaction medium in biphasic hydroformylation reactions. Finally, new "smart" catalytic systems have been obtained by summing the molecular recognition properties of partially methylated CDs with those of thermosensitive polymers

L’ordinateur portable comme instrument de musique

National audienceDans le but de réunir tous les aspects de la performance musicale autour du même objet, l’ordinateur portable, nous repensons l’interaction avec ce dernier pour donner naissance à une pratique musicale, la musique de bureau. Cette démonstration montre comment il est possible de "jouer de l’ordinateur portable" comme un instrument à percussion et comme un instrument à vent

Nouveaux récepteurs polytopiques à base de cyclodextrines pour la catalyse en phase aqueuse

Pour s affranchir des problèmes liés à l hydrophobie des alcènes terminaux dans des réactions d hydroformylation utilisant des catalyseurs organométalliques hydrosolubles, l association de polymères et de cyclodextrines (CDs) a été mise à profit pour concevoir de nouveaux additifs et de nouveaux milieux réactionnels. Trois combinaisons polymères/CDs ont été développées, soit par liaison covalente, soit par assemblage supramoléculaire. Premièrement, le greffage covalent de CDs partiellement méthylées sur des chaines polymères a permis d augmenter significativement les capacités de reconnaissance moléculaire des CDs vis-à-vis d alcènes possédant des chaines alkyles linéaires de plus de 12 carbones. La coopérativité entre CDs résultant de ce greffage covalent a conduit à une amélioration significative des performances catalytiques. Deuxièmement, des hydrogels supramoléculaires composés de poly(éthylène) glycols et d a-CDs ont été utilisés avec succès en tant que milieu réactionnel dans des réactions d hydroformylation biphasique. Enfin, des nouveaux systèmes catalytiques dits intelligents ont été obtenus en additionnant les propriétés de reconnaissance moléculaire des CDs partiellement méthylées avec celles de polymères thermosensibles.To overcome the problems related to the hydrophobicity of terminal alkenes in hydroformylation reactions using water-soluble organometallic catalysts, the combination of polymers and cyclodextrins (CDs) has been exploited to develop new additives and new reaction media. Three combinations polymers/CDs have been developed, either covalently or by supramolecular assembly. First, the covalent grafting of partially methylated CDs on polymer chains significantly increased the capacity of molecular recognition of the CDs regarding alkenes with linear alkyl chains longer than 12 carbons. Cooperativity between CDs resulting from the covalent grafting led to a significant improvement in catalytic performance. Second, supramolecular hydrogels composed of poly(ethylene) glycol and a-CDs have been successfully used as a reaction medium in biphasic hydroformylation reactions. Finally, new "smart" catalytic systems have been obtained by summing the molecular recognition properties of partially methylated CDs with those of thermosensitive polymers.LILLE1-Bib. Electronique (590099901) / SudocSudocFranceF

Cyclodextrin-grafted polymers functionalized with phosphanes: a new tool for aqueous organometallic catalysis

New cyclodextrin (CD)-grafted polymers functionalized with water-soluble phosphanes were synthesized in three steps starting from polyNAS. Once characterized by NMR spectroscopy and size-exclusion chromatography, they were used as additives in Rh-catalyzed hydroformylation of 1-hexadecene. The combined supramolecular and coordinating properties of these polymers allowed increasing the catalytic activity of the reaction without affecting the selectivities

Pillar[5]arenes pour la catalyse biphasique aqueuse

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