Implementation of International Standards for Determining an Efficient Civil Law Remedy by a National Court

The article is devoted to studying the effectiveness of protection of violated, unrecognised or disputed rights, freedoms or interests of individuals, rights and interests of legal entities, the interests of the state in civil proceedings. The purpose of the article is to study how to implement international standards for determining an efficient civil law remedy by the court: (based on the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights and national case law). Clarification of the essence of novels of substantive and procedural law in determining the court's effective way to protect private law as the final judicial procedure of the right to judicial protection was by comparative law, methods of analysis, modelling and synthesis with the implementation of related elements of classical methods of protection and reception of the best acquisitions of legal systems of foreign countries, norms of the Convention of the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights (from now on – ECtHR). The dialectical method of cognition and the qualitative empirical method were also the main ones, by means of which the legal nature of the category "efficiency" and "determination by the court of an effective way of protection of private law and interest" were clarified. Keywords: Litigation, the remedy of private law, international standards, ECtHR, ECHR

Робастна система керування наведенням та стабілізацією озброєння броньованої машини

The combined control method with estimation of uncertainty vector and state vector is described. The developed theoretical propositions are applied to the system of armored vehicle armament stabilization and guidance.Рассматривался метод комбинированного управления с оценкой вектора неопределенности и вектора состояния. Разработанные теоретические положения применены для системы стабилизации и наведения вооружения бронированной машины.Розглядався метод комбінованого керування з оцінкою вектора невизначеностій вектора стану. Розробленітеоретичніположення застосованідля системи стабілізаціїй наведення озброєнняброньованої машини

Bulk-boundary correspondence in three dimensional topological insulators

We discuss the relation between bulk topological invariants and the spectrum of surface states in three dimensional non-interacting topological insulators. By studying particular models, and considering general boundary conditions for the electron wavefunction on the crystal surface, we demonstrate that using experimental techniques that probe surface states, only strong topological and trivial insulating phases can be distinguished; the latter state being equivalent to a weak topological insulator. In a strong topological insulator, only the {\it parity} of the number of surface states, but not the number itself, is robust against time-reversal invariant boundary perturbations. Our results suggest a \z definition of the bulk-boundary correspondence, compatible with the \z classification of topological insulators.Comment: TeXLive (Unix), revtex4-1, 7 pages, 3 figure

Microstructure and mechanical properties of V–Cr–Zr alloy with carbide and oxide strengthening

A comparative study of the effectiveness of carbide and oxide types of strengthening of V–Cr–Zr alloy was carried out by means of a comprehensive certification of structural-phase state parameters and measuring the mechanical properties characteristics. It has been shown that the use of chemical-heat treatment contributes to a significant increase in the thermal stability of the microstructure and mechanical properties of V–Cr–Zr alloy in comparison with carbide strengthening under the conditions of thermomechanical treatment. A controlled increase in the volume fraction of fine particles based on ZrO2, along with an increase in the concentration of oxygen in the solid solution, leads to a decrease in the rate of oxides coagulation and an increase in the thermal stability of high disperse heterophase structure. These effects contribute to the retention of high defect structural states with nonzero values of crystal lattice curvature even after high-temperature (0.67 Tmelt) anneals. The high efficiency of dispersion and substructural strengthening is a consequence of blocking dislocation slip by fine particles stabilized by oxygen in a solid solution

Microstructure and mechanical properties of vanadium alloys after thermomechanical treatments

The results of investigation of dispersion strengthening effect on parameters of structural-phase states and characteristics of short-term strength and ductility of vanadium alloys of V–4Ti–4Cr, V–2.4Zr–0.25C, V–1.2Zr–8.8Cr and V–1.7Zr–4.2Cr–7.6W systems with different concentration of interstitial elements after optimized thermomechanical treatment mode were summarized. It was shown that for effective realization of dispersion strengthening by Orowan-type mechanism at least 25–50% of the initial volume fraction of coarse particles should be transformed into fine-disperse state and redistributed over the volume of material

The effect of thermomechanical treatment regimes on microstructure and mechanical properties of V-Me(Cr, W)-Zr-C alloys

The regularities of the formation of a heterophase structure in dispersion-strengthened vanadium V–Me(Cr, W)–Zr–C alloys are studied as a function of the regimes of their thermomechanical treatment. The regimes of treatment providing a substantial increase in the dispersity and homogeneity of spatial distribution of ZrC particles, temperature of recrystallization, and high-temperature (at T = 800°C) short-time strength are found in comparison to conventional treatment regimes

Tunable unconventional Kondo effect on topological insulator surfaces

We study Kondo physics of a spin-12 impurity in electronic matter with strong spin-orbit interaction, which can be realized by depositing magnetic adatoms on the surface of a three-dimensional topological insulator. We show that magnetic properties of topological surface states and the very existence of Kondo screening strongly depend on details of the bulk material, and specifics of surface preparation encoded in time-reversal preserving boundary conditions for electronic wavefunctions. When this tunable Kondo effect occurs, the impurity spin is screened by purely orbital motion of surface electrons. This mechanism gives rise to a transverse magnetic response of the surface metal, and to spin textures that can be used to experimentally probe signatures of a Kondo resonance. Our predictions are particularly relevant for STM measurements in PbTe-class crystalline topological insulators, but we also discuss implications for other classes of topological materials

Microstructure and mechanical properties of V-4Ti-4Cr alloy as a function of the chemical heat treatment regimes

The regularities of the formation of a heterophase structure and mechanical properties of V–4Ti–4Cr alloy as a function of thermomechanical and chemical heat treatments are studied. The regimes of thermomechanical treatment which provide the formation of a heterophase structure with a homogeneous volume distribution of oxycarbonitride nanoparticles with a size of about 10 nm and an increase in the volume content and thermal stability of this phase and which provide an increase in the temperature of alloy recrystallization are developed. The formation of the heterophase structure results in a substantial (up to 70%) increase in the short-term high-temperature strength of the alloy at T = 800°C. The increase in the strength is achieved while keeping a rather high level of plasticity

The using of quality indicators of Scots pine’s seeds for bioindication of anthropogenic pollution

The quality of Scots pine’s seeds (Pinus sylvestris L.) was analyzed in conditions of industrial emissions magnesite productionПроанализировано качество семян сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.) в условиях промышленных выбросов магнезитового производств