CFTR mutations of patients with cystic fibrosis from Republic of Moldova

Departamentul de pediatrie, clinica de pneumologie, Universitatea de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chișinău, Republica Moldova, Universitäts-Kinderklinik, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germania, Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Groupe Hospitalier Pellegrin, Bordeaux, Franţa, Klinische Forschergruppe‚ Molekulare Pathologie der Mukoviszidose, Klinik für Pädiatrische Pneumologie, Allergologie und Neonatologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germania, ViennaLab Diagnostics GmbH, Wien, AustriaIntroducere. Spectrul de mutaţii ce cauzează fibroză chistică (FC) în Republica Moldova, deocamdată, nu a fost determinat. Material și metode. Analiza mutaţiei genei CFTR a fost efectuată pe mostre de ADN, colectate de la 61 de pacienţi cu FC, examinaţi în Departamentul de pediatrie, clinica de pneumologie, Universitatea de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, în perioada anilor 2006-2011.Rezultate. Mutaţiile cu o frecvenţă mai mare de 3% au fost următoarele: F508del (57%), 2789+5 G-A (4%), 2184insA (4%) și G542X (3%). Concluzii. Distribuţia mutaţiei genei CFTR în Moldova este similară cu cea din România.Introduction. The spectrum of cystic fibrosis (CF) – cau-sing mutations in Republic of Moldova has yet not been determined. Material and methods. CFTR gene mutation analysis was performed on DNA samples from 61 patients with CF seen 2006-2011 at the Department of pediatrics, Division of pneumology, Nicolae Testemitanu State Medical and Pharmaceutical University. Results. Mutations with a frequency of more than 3% were F508del (57%), 2789+5 G-A (4%), 2184insA (4 %) and G542X (3%). Conclusions. The distribution of CFTR gene mutations in Moldova is similar to that in Romania.https://stiinta.usmf.md/sites/default/files/2018-09/MJHS%20nr.%203%20_2015.pd

Removal of hydrogen from Ti VT 1-0 under action of accelerated electrons

The process of hydrogen removal from titanium of VT1-0 grade under the action of accelerated electrons has been studied experimentally. The irradiation was carried out by an electron beam with energies of 25-40 keV during 15-60 min. The information on the hydrogen content in samples from titanium of VT1-0 grade has been obtained both before and after irradiation with accelerated electrons. The activation energy of hydrogen desorption from titanium has been calculated. It was found that the increase of the time and the energy of an irradiation lead to the decrease of the residual hydrogen content in the titanium samples

Incidence of infections due to third generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae - a prospective multicentre cohort study in six German university hospitals

BackgroundInfections caused by third generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (3GCREB) are an increasing healthcare problem. We aim to describe the 3GCREB infection incidence and compare it to prevalence upon admission. In addition, we aim to describe infections caused by 3GCREB, which are also carbapenem resistant (CRE).MethodsIn 2014-2015, we performed prospective 3GCREB surveillance in clinically relevant patient specimens (screening specimens excluded). Infections counted as hospital-acquired (HAI) when the 3GCREB was detected after the third day following admission, otherwise as community-acquired infection (CAI).ResultsOf 578,420 hospitalized patients under surveillance, 3367 had a 3GCREB infection (0.58%). We observed a similar 3GCREB CAI and HAI incidence (0.28 and 0.31 per 100 patients, respectively). The most frequent pathogen was 3GCR E. coli, in CAI and HAI (0.15 and 0.12 per 100 patients). We observed a CRE CAI incidence of 0.006 and a HAI incidence of 0.008 per 100 patients (0.014 per 1000 patient days).ConclusionsComparing the known 3GCREB admission prevalence of the participating hospitals (9.5%) with the percentage of patients with a 3GCREB infection (0.58%), we conclude the prevalence of 3GCREB in university hospitals to be about 16 times higher than suggested when only patients with 3GCREB infections are considered. Moreover, we find the HAI and CAI incidence caused by CRE in Germany to be relatively low

Quality of life is associated with physical activity and fitness in cystic fibrosis

Background: Health-related and disease-specific quality of life (HRQoL) has been increasingly valued as relevant clinical parameter in cystic fibrosis (CF) clinical care and clinical trials. HRQoL measures should assess – among other domains – daily functioning from a patient’s perspective. However, validation studies for the most frequently used HRQoL questionnaire in CF, the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire (CFQ), have not included measures of physical activity or fitness. The objective of this study was, therefore, to determine the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between HRQoL, physical activity and fitness in patients with CF. Methods: Baseline (n = 76) and 6-month follow-up data (n = 70) from patients with CF (age ≥12 years, FEV1 ≥35%) were analysed. Patients participated in two multi-centre exercise intervention studies with identical assessment methodology. Outcome variables included HRQoL (German revised multi-dimensional disease-specific CFQ (CFQ-R)), body composition, pulmonary function, physical activity, short-term muscle power, and aerobic fitness by peak oxygen uptake and aerobic power. Results: Peak oxygen uptake was positively related to 7 of 13 HRQoL scales cross-sectionally (r = 0.30-0.46). Muscle power (r = 0.25-0.32) and peak aerobic power (r = 0.24-0.35) were positively related to 4 scales each, and reported physical activity to 1 scale (r = 0.29). Changes in HRQoL-scores were directly and significantly related to changes in reported activity (r = 0.35-0.39), peak aerobic power (r = 0.31-0.34), and peak oxygen uptake (r = 0.26-0.37) in 3 scales each. Established associates of HRQoL such as FEV1 or body mass index correlated positively with fewer scales (all 0.24 < r < 0.55). Conclusions: HRQoL was associated with physical fitness, especially aerobic fitness, and to a lesser extent with reported physical activity. These findings underline the importance of physical fitness for HRQoL in CF and provide an additional rationale for exercise testing in this population. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT0023168