262 research outputs found
Feshbach Resonance Management of Bose-Einstein Condensates in Optical Lattices
We analyze gap solitons in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in
optical lattice potentials under Feshbach resonance management. Starting with
an averaged Gross-Pitaevsky (GP) equation with a periodic potential, we employ
an envelope wave approximation to derive coupled-mode equations describing the
slow BEC dynamics in the first spectral gap of the optical lattice. We
construct exact analytical formulas describing gap soliton solutions and
examine their spectral stability using the Chebyshev interpolation method. We
show that these gap solitons are unstable far from the threshold of local
bifurcation and that the instability results in the distortion of their shape.
We also predict the threshold of the power of gap solitons near the local
bifurcation limit.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures (1 with six parts, 3 with two parts
In Vitro Maturation of a Humanized Shark VNAR Domain to Improve Its Biophysical Properties to Facilitate Clinical Development
Acknowledgments: The authors would like to acknowledge the funding support for this work from Scottish Enterprise [VNAR_001(2012)] and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/K010905/1).Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Five Years at the Edge: Watching Internet from the ISP Network
The Internet and the way people use it are constantly changing. Knowing traffic is crucial for operating the network, understanding users' need, and ultimately improving applications. Here, we provide an in-depth longitudinal view of Internet traffic in the last 5 years (from 2013 to 2017). We take the point of the view of a national-wide ISP and analyze flow-level rich measurements to pinpoint and quantify trends. We evaluate the providers' costs in terms of traffic consumption by users and services. We show that an ordinary broadband subscriber nowadays downloads more than twice as much as they used to do 5 years ago. Bandwidth hungry video services drive this change, while social messaging applications boom (and vanish) at incredible pace. We study how protocols and service infrastructures evolve over time, highlighting unpredictable events that may hamper traffic management policies. In the rush to bring servers closer and closer to users, we witness the birth of the sub-millisecond Internet, with caches located directly at ISP edges. The picture we take shows a lively Internet that always evolves and suddenly changes
Novel, Anti-hTNF-α Variable New Antigen Receptor Formats with Enhanced Neutralising Potency and Multifunctionality, Generated for Therapeutic Development
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to acknowledge the funding support for this work from MSD/Scottish Universities Life Sciences Alliance (SULSA), Scottish Enterprise, the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), and the University of Aberdeen. FUNDING Grateful for support from Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/K010905/1), Scottish Enterprise [VNAR_001 (2012)], Scottish Universities Life Sciences Alliance/ MSD (MSD01_A_Porter-Teismann), and the College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen (Fee bursary to OU).Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Uveitis Therapy With Shark Variable Novel Antigen Receptor Domains Targeting Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha or Inducible T-Cell Costimulatory Ligand
Acknowledgments Supported by an unrestricted departmental grant from Research to Prevent Blindness (New York, NY), NEI K08EY023998 (KLP), P30-EY001730 (RVG; Bethesda, MD), by a grant from Elasmogen Limited (RVG), and with support from the Mark J. Daily, MD Research Fund (RVG, KLP).Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Mindfulness and design: Creating spaces for well being
What is the relationship between mindfulness therapy and the physical settings in which it is practiced? Mindfulness is defined as "paying attention to whatâs happening in the present moment in the mind, body and external environment, with an attitude of curiosity and kindness" (MAPG, 2015: 5), however the qualities of the "external environment" are rarely discussed in relation to mindfulness. As mindfulness based therapies increasingly applied in clinical and educational settings, this presents opportunities to explore how the design of a space â from the arrangement of furniture through to the qualities of a room, building, landscape, or wider spatial context â may influence mindfulness practice and its therapeutic benefits. In this workshop, a combination of research presentation and therapeutic practice was conducted. Literature from landscape architecture and architecture was presented, evidencing the effects of built environment design on mental health and well-being and emphasizing notions of "biophilic design". Delegates were then invited to participate in guided mindfulness mediations, followed by facilitated group enquiry about the combined effects of formal mindfulness practice and the qualities of the physical space we were practicing within
Developing and enhancing biodiversity monitoring programmes: a collaborative assessment of priorities
1.Biodiversity is changing at unprecedented rates, and it is increasingly important that these changes are quantified through monitoring programmes. Previous recommendations for developing or enhancing these programmes focus either on the end goals, that is the intended use of the data, or on how these goals are achieved, for example through volunteer involvement in citizen science, but not both. These recommendations are rarely prioritized.
2.We used a collaborative approach, involving 52 experts in biodiversity monitoring in the UK, to develop a list of attributes of relevance to any biodiversity monitoring programme and to order these attributes by their priority. We also ranked the attributes according to their importance in monitoring biodiversity in the UK. Experts involved included data users, funders, programme organizers and participants in data collection. They covered expertise in a wide range of taxa.
3.We developed a final list of 25 attributes of biodiversity monitoring schemes, ordered from the most elemental (those essential for monitoring schemes; e.g. articulate the objectives and gain sufficient participants) to the most aspirational (e.g. electronic data capture in the field, reporting change annually). This ordered list is a practical framework which can be used to support the development of monitoring programmes.
4.People's ranking of attributes revealed a difference between those who considered attributes with benefits to end users to be most important (e.g. people from governmental organizations) and those who considered attributes with greatest benefit to participants to be most important (e.g. people involved with volunteer biological recording schemes). This reveals a distinction between focussing on aims and the pragmatism in achieving those aims.
5.Synthesis and applications. The ordered list of attributes developed in this study will assist in prioritizing resources to develop biodiversity monitoring programmes (including citizen science). The potential conflict between end users of data and participants in data collection that we discovered should be addressed by involving the diversity of stakeholders at all stages of programme development. This will maximize the chance of successfully achieving the goals of biodiversity monitoring programmes
Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 neutralization by shark variable new antigen receptors elucidated through X-ray crystallography
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Chief Scientist Office, Scottish Government, Grant COV/ABN/20/01 (Elasmogen, Ltd.), a 2018 Prostate Cancer Foundation Challenge Award (AML), a 2013 Prostate Cancer Foundation Young Investigator Award (AML), NCI R01s CA237272, CA233562, and CA245922 (AML). WEM was supported by the NIH T32 HL007741 and JMT by the NIH T32 AI055433. JSM was funded by NIGMS R01 GM088790. HA was funded by NIGMS R35 GM118047 and NCI P01 CA234228. X-ray diffraction data were collected at the Northeastern Collaborative Access Team beamlines, which are funded by the US National Institutes of Health (NIGMS P30 GM124165). The Pilatus 6M detector on 24-ID-C beamline is funded by a NIH-ORIP HEI grant (S10 RR029205). We thank the Marco Pravetoni lab for providing training and access to the OctetRED96e for BLI experiments.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Optical and Infrared Photometry of the Type Ia Supernovae 1991T, 1991bg, 1999ek, 2001bt, 2001cn, 2001cz, and 2002bo
We present optical and/or infrared photometry of the Type Ia supernovae SN
1991T, SN 1991bg, SN 1999ek, SN 2001bt, SN 2001cn, SN 2001cz, and SN 2002bo.
All but one of these supernovae have decline rate parameters Delta m_15(B)
close to the median value of 1.1 for the whole class of Type Ia supernovae. The
addition of these supernovae to the relationship between the near-infrared
absolute magnitudes and Delta m_15(B) strengthens the previous relationships we
have found, in that the maximum light absolute magnitudes are essentially
independent of the decline rate parameter. (SN 1991bg, the prototype of the
subclass of fast declining Type Ia supernovae, is a special case.) The
dispersion in the Hubble diagram in JHK is only ~0.15 mag. The near-infrared
properties of Type Ia supernovae continue to be excellent measures of the
luminosity distances to the supernova host galaxies, due to the need for only
small corrections from the epoch of observation to maximum light, low
dispersion in absolute magnitudes at maximum light, and the minimal reddening
effects in the near-infrared.Comment: Astron. J., 128, 3034 (Dec. 2004). This version with updated author
list, addresses, acknowledgments, reference
Paramedic assessment of older adults after falls, including community care referral pathway : cluster randomized trial
Study objective
We aim to determine clinical and cost-effectiveness of a paramedic protocol for the care of older people who fall.
Methods
We undertook a cluster randomized trial in 3 UK ambulance services between March 2011 and June 2012. We included patients aged 65 years or older after an emergency call for a fall, attended by paramedics based at trial stations. Intervention paramedics could refer the patient to a community-based falls service instead of transporting the patient to the emergency department. Control paramedics provided care as usual. The primary outcome was subsequent emergency contacts or death.
Results
One hundred five paramedics based at 14 intervention stations attended 3,073 eligible patients; 110 paramedics based at 11 control stations attended 2,841 eligible patients. We analyzed primary outcomes for 2,391 intervention and 2,264 control patients. One third of patients made further emergency contacts or died within 1 month, and two thirds within 6 months, with no difference between groups. Subsequent 999 call rates within 6 months were lower in the intervention arm (0.0125 versus 0.0172; adjusted difference â0.0045; 95% confidence interval â0.0073 to â0.0017). Intervention paramedics referred 8% of patients (204/2,420) to falls services and left fewer patients at the scene without any ongoing care. Intervention patients reported higher satisfaction with interpersonal aspects of care. There were no other differences between groups. Mean intervention cost was $23 per patient, with no difference in overall resource use between groups at 1 or 6 months.
Conclusion
A clinical protocol for paramedics reduced emergency ambulance calls for patients attended for a fall safely and at modest cost
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