Relaciones dentro de la subfamilia Papilionoideae a la luz de los datos palinológicos

En este t rabajo se realiza un análisis numérico de la semejanza pol ínica de 216 especies de Leguminosae de Andalucía Occi de ntal ~ dichas semejanzas se representan según un dendrograma y a partir del cual se comentan l as implicaciones taxonómicas.A numerical anal ysis of similari ty in the pollen morphol ogy of 216 species of Leguminosae from Western Andalucía has be en undertaken. The similari ti es are set aut in a dendrogram and the taxonomic implicat ion of wich are di scusse

New insights in bacillus subtillis levansucrase mechanism and applications

B. subtilis levansucrase (SacB) is a widely studied glycoside hydrolase from Family 68 family. Although reports on SacB properties date back to the 70’s (Chambert & Gonzy-Tréboul, 1976), questions regarding levan synthesis mechanism are still open. These questions refer to the factors influencing reaction specificity, including the effect of sucrose and levan hydrolysis, product structure and levan molecular weight. In this conference we review recent findings regarding the modulating effect of SacB concentration on levan molecular weight distribution (Porras-Domínguez et al., 2015; Raga-Carbajal et al., 2016). In effect, we demonstrated that high enzyme concentrations (\u3e1.0 µM), direct levan synthesis exclusively to low molecular weight products (av 7.6 KDa), while low enzyme concentrations (\u3c 0.1µM) favor the synthesis of a high molecular weight levan fraction (\u3e2000 kDa). From a detailed HPAEC-PAD analysis of product evolution, a shift from a clear non-processive elongation mechanism at high protein concentrations to a -most likely- processive mechanism when low protein concentrations are used in the reaction. Trough calorimetric experiments we demonstrate that these changes in enzyme performance do not involve protein-protein interactions (Raga-Carbajal et al., 2016). We demonstrated, through an extensive characterization of the levan hydrolysis reaction by SacB, that the wide diversity of products derives also from fructosyl transfer to free sugars available from sucrose and levan hydrolysis. Actually, levan is an efficient fructosyl donor for fructosylation reactions, in which FOS such as levanbiose, inulobiose, blastose, …, are formed (Méndez-Lorenzo et al., 2015). The efficiency of SacB fructosylation with levan as donor was applied for the synthesis of blastose, a sucrose analogue with potential prebiotic properties. For this reaction, fructose was transferred to trehalose to produce a (2-6) fructosylated trehalose, which was later hydrolysed by trehalase to yield blastose (Miranda-Molina et al, 2017). Up to now there is not an efficient enzyme for the synthesis of levan-type FOS, in spite of intensive efforts to modify SacB or other levansucrases specificity by site directed mutagenesis. For this purpose, after a complete characterization of a combined bi-enzymatic reaction between SacB and an endolevanase produced by B.licheniformis. (LevB1) (Porras-Domínguez et al., 2014) we designed a fusion enzyme containing both activities. This fusion enzyme is able to produce levan-type FOS from sucrose, with molecular weights in the range of DP2 to DP10 including mainly 1-kestose, 6-kestose, neokestose, levanbiose and blastose, with 40% w/w yields. Chambert, R., & Gonzy-Tréboul, G. (1976). European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS, 62(1), 55–64. Méndez-Lorenzo, L., Porras-Domínguez, J. R., Raga-Carbajal, E., Olvera, C., Rodríguez-Alegría, M. E., Carrillo-Nava, E.. López Munguía, A. (2015). PLoS ONE, 10(11), 1–15. Miranda-Molina, A., Castillo, E., & Lopez Munguia, A. (2017). Food Chemistry, 227, 202–210. Porras-Domínguez, J. R., Ávila-Fernández, Á., Miranda-Molina, A., Rodríguez-Alegría, M. E., & Munguía, A. L. (2015). Carbohydrate Polymers, 132(October), 338–344. Porras-Domínguez, J. R., Ávila-Fernández, Á., Rodríguez-Alegría, M. E., Miranda-Molina, A., Escalante, A., González-Cervantes, R., López Munguía, A. (2014). Process Biochemistry, 49(5), 783–790. Raga-Carbajal, E., Carrillo-Nava, E., Costas, M., Porras-Dominguez, J., López-Munguía, A., & Olvera, C. (2016). Glycobiology, 26(4), 377–385

Algebraic geometry constructions of convolutional codes

Las técnicas de geometría algebraica para construir códigos lineales pueden ser aplicados a la construcción de códigos convolucionales, usando curvas algebraicas sobre los campos de función. En este sentido se construyen códigos Goppa convolucionales y se provee un sistema para construir códigos convolucionales con propiedades prescritas.Algebraic-geometric techniques to construct linear codes can be appliedto construct convolutional codes, using algebraic curves over functionfields. In this way we construct convolutional Goppa codes and providea systematic way for constructing convolutional codes with prescribedproperties. We study convolutional Goppa codes defined by the projec-tive line and elliptic curves in detail

Convolutional codes of Goppa type

Se definen nuevos códigos convolucionales (MDS) generalizando los códigos Goppa.A new kind of Convolutional Codes generalizing Goppa Codes isproposed. This provides a systematic method for constructing convolutionalcodes with prefixed properties. In particular, examples of Maximum-DistanceSeparable (MDS) convolutional codes are obtained

Sucesión de cargos en la dirección regional occidente de asuntos legales SURA basado en competencias

El documento plantea inicialmente un contexto de la empresa en la que se construyó el plan de sucesión, exponiendo la estructura organizacional de la misma, e identificando la existencia y vigencia de los fundamentos teóricos, técnicos e instrumentales que apalancan dicha actividad de forma preliminar. Adicionalmente, se realiza un análisis sobre lo que actualmente se encuentra establecido como el modelo de sucesión y su conexión, intrínseca o indirecta, con el modelo de competencias de Sura, con el fin cimentar la propuesta y evaluar sus resultados. Finalmente se acude a la especificidad de la labor dentro del área y los cargos objeto del plan piloto donde se aplica lo diseñado y se comienza a aplicar el mismo con el fin de materializar y verificar la utilidad del modelo que se pretende implementar en adelante en las demás áreas de la empresa.MaestríaMAGISTER EN ADMINISTRACIÓ

Consideraciones anestésicas del Síndrome de Anderman. A propósito de un caso.

Anderman syndrome is a hereditary progressive demyelinating sensory-motor neuropathy, of an autosomal recessive nature, due to a mutation of the SLC12A6 gene, responsible for the synthesis of the K-Cl cotransporter that seems to be necessary for the development and sustenance of nervous tissue. These patients present a dysmorphic facies phenotype with hypertelorism and brachycephaly, generalized areflexia, amyotrophy, and severe muscle contractures. Associated comorbidities and anatomical-functional peculiarities can condition perioperative management, posing a challenge for the anesthesiologist. Regarding a case, we will carry out a review of this syndrome, highlighting the points that we consider important in order to serve other anesthetists as a reference when dealing with these patients.El síndrome de Anderman es una neuropatía sensitivo-motora desmielinizante progresiva hereditaria, de carácter autosómico recesivo, debida a una mutación del gen SLC12A6, encargada de la síntesis del cotransportador K-Cl que parece ser necesaria para el desarrollo y sustento del tejido nervioso. Estos pacientes presentan un fenotipo de facies dismórfica con hipertelorismo y braquicefalia, arreflexia generalizada, amiotrofia y contracturas musculares severas. Las comorbilidades asociadas y las peculiaridades anatómico-funcionales pueden condicionar el manejo perioperatorio suponiendo un reto para el anestesiólogo. A propósito de un caso realizaremos una revisión de este síndrome remarcando los puntos que consideramos importantes con el objetivo de que sirvan a otros anestesistas como referencia a la hora de enfrentarse a estos pacientes

Assessment of the phytoremediation effectiveness in the restoration of uranium mine tailings

Uranium (U) contamination due to mining and metallurgical operations is a serious problem and poses a high potential threat to humans and other organisms. The application of amendments and/or plants, known as assisted phytoremediation, can accelerate the adsorption, complexation and precipitation processes in soil, and therefore can facilitate the restoration of U mining areas. This study located in the central-west of peninsular Spain was focussed on two different U mine waste dumps (MWD), where the assisted phytoremediation process was implemented. At each MWD, an area of 10 ha (approx.) was selected for sugar lime (SL) application, at a rate of 75 T ha −1. In addition, after SL addition, common grasses Cynodon dactylon, Secale cereale, and the leguminosae Vicia sativa were seeded. Evolution of soil physico-chemical properties and plant development was monitored for 69 months in Top, Medium and Low areas of both MWDs. The main results indicated a positive effect of the amendment, improving the development of the spontaneous and induced vegetation and the accumulation of soil organic matter. Values of pH were maintained in the range of the neutrality during all the experimentation period. In general, total concentrations of trace elements (including U) presented a high variability. Values were similar in the different studied areas of each MWD (Top, Medium and Low) and did not change in time. Trace elements contents were, in general, higher than those found in non-contaminated soils. However, U and Mn availability decreased with time, as well as the accumulation of trace elements (especially U and Mn) in the studied plants. Moreover, these contents were lower than the permitted limit for animal consumption. In conclusion, application of phytoremediation contributed to the stabilization of U within the soil-plant system, mainly by its positive effects on vegetation cover and the consequent increase in soil organic matter

Conocimientos de cuidadores en salud pediátrica en niños internados

RESUMENIntroducción: La hospitalización debe representar para cuidadores, valor agregado al aumentar sus conocimientos sobre la enfermedad y prevención de enfermedades prevalentes de infancia, generando cambios de actitud hacia salud y enfermedad, disminuyendo la morbimortalidad infantil. Objetivo: Establecer la eficacia de la educación recibida durante la hospitalización, referente a cambios en conocimientos en cuidadores sobre enfermedad motivo del ingreso y enfermedades prevalentes. Metodología: Estudio cuasi-experimental, con medidas repetidas y recolección prospectiva de información. Participaron 128 cuidadores, quienes previo consentimiento se les aplicó un formato para evaluar el nivel de conocimientos al ingreso y egreso, abordando temas de enfermedades prevalentes de la infancia. Se estimó para cada tópico cambio en conocimientos y posteriormente modelos de regresión lineal múltiple, se evaluaron determinantes de magnitud del aprendizaje. Resultados: Al egreso incrementó  el  porcentaje  de  respuestas  correctas en los tópicos. Variables asociadas con el aprendizaje fueron: patología  infecciosa  (coeficiente:2,99%;  IC95%:0,36  a  5,61), desnutrición (11,45%; IC95%:5,21  a 17,68),  régimen subsidiado (-3,39%; IC95%:-6,41 a -0,37), cuidador con bachillerato (-2,36%; IC95%:-4,65 a -0,06)  y  considerar  adecuado  manejo  (9,15%;  IC95%:3,16  a  15,13). En cuanto a alimentación, los cuidadores de estratos ≥2 evidenciaban menor aprendizaje (-7,21%; IC95%:-13,73 a -0,69). Además, cuando les explicaban la enfermedad, presentaban mayor aprendizaje (7,43%; IC95%:0,27 a 14,59). Discusión: Este estudio exhorta a realizar futuras investigaciones que aporten nuevas evidencias sobre la importancia de la educación en salud a nivel intrahospitalario. Conclusiones: Incrementó el nivel de conocimientos durante la hospitalización, sin alcanzar 30% esperado y se evidencia que diversos factores condicionan este aprendizaje. Salud UIS 2012; 44 (2): 35-43Palabras clave: Conocimientos, cuidadores, niño hospitalizado, salud infantilABSTRACTBackground: The hospital must represent for carers a value added, to increase their knowledge about the disease and prevention of prevalent diseases of childhood; causing changes in the attitude towards health and disease, with decrement in child mortality. Objective: To establish the efficacy of the education received during hospitalization, regarding changes in carers knowledge about the disease cause of admission and diseases prevalent. Methodology: A quasi-experimental study with repeated measures and prospective information recollection. A total of 128 caregivers previous informed consent, were interrogated with a format to assess the level of knowledge to the ingress and egress, addressing issues of prevalent diseases of childhood. Were estimated for each topic change in knowledge and then multiple linear regression models were evaluated determinants of magnitude of learning. Results: At discharge increased the percentage of correct answers on the topics. Variables associated with learning were infectious disease (coefficient: 2.99%, 95% CI 0.36 to 5.61), malnutrition (11.45%, 95% CI 5.21 to 17.68), subsidized (-3.39%, 95% CI -6.41 to -0.37), caregiver school (-2.36%, 95% CI -4.65 to -0.06) and to consider appropriate management (9, 15%, 95% CI 3.16 to 15.13). As for nutrition, ≥ 2 layers caregivers evidenced less learning (-7.21%, 95% CI -13.73 to -0.69). Also, when I explained the disease, had higher learning (7.43%, 95% CI 0.27 to 14.59). Discussion: This study encourages further research to provide new evidence on the importance of health education at the hospital. Conclusions: Increased knowledge level during hospitalization, without reaching 30% expected and evidence that several factors affect this learning. Salud UIS 2012; 44 (2): 35-43Keywords: knowledge, caregivers, child hospitalized, child welfare

Conocimientos de cuidadores en salud pediátrica en niños internados

RESUMENIntroducción: La hospitalización debe representar para cuidadores, valor agregado al aumentar sus conocimientos sobre la enfermedad y prevención de enfermedades prevalentes de infancia, generando cambios de actitud hacia salud y enfermedad, disminuyendo la morbimortalidad infantil. Objetivo: Establecer la eficacia de la educación recibida durante la hospitalización, referente a cambios en conocimientos en cuidadores sobre enfermedad motivo del ingreso y enfermedades prevalentes. Metodología: Estudio cuasi-experimental, con medidas repetidas y recolección prospectiva de información. Participaron 128 cuidadores, quienes previo consentimiento se les aplicó un formato para evaluar el nivel de conocimientos al ingreso y egreso, abordando temas de enfermedades prevalentes de la infancia. Se estimó para cada tópico cambio en conocimientos y posteriormente modelos de regresión lineal múltiple, se evaluaron determinantes de magnitud del aprendizaje. Resultados: Al egreso incrementó  el  porcentaje  de  respuestas  correctas en los tópicos. Variables asociadas con el aprendizaje fueron: patología  infecciosa  (coeficiente:2,99%;  IC95%:0,36  a  5,61), desnutrición (11,45%; IC95%:5,21  a 17,68),  régimen subsidiado (-3,39%; IC95%:-6,41 a -0,37), cuidador con bachillerato (-2,36%; IC95%:-4,65 a -0,06)  y  considerar  adecuado  manejo  (9,15%;  IC95%:3,16  a  15,13). En cuanto a alimentación, los cuidadores de estratos ≥2 evidenciaban menor aprendizaje (-7,21%; IC95%:-13,73 a -0,69). Además, cuando les explicaban la enfermedad, presentaban mayor aprendizaje (7,43%; IC95%:0,27 a 14,59). Discusión: Este estudio exhorta a realizar futuras investigaciones que aporten nuevas evidencias sobre la importancia de la educación en salud a nivel intrahospitalario. Conclusiones: Incrementó el nivel de conocimientos durante la hospitalización, sin alcanzar 30% esperado y se evidencia que diversos factores condicionan este aprendizaje. Salud UIS 2012; 44 (2): 35-43Palabras clave: Conocimientos, cuidadores, niño hospitalizado, salud infantilABSTRACTBackground: The hospital must represent for carers a value added, to increase their knowledge about the disease and prevention of prevalent diseases of childhood; causing changes in the attitude towards health and disease, with decrement in child mortality. Objective: To establish the efficacy of the education received during hospitalization, regarding changes in carers knowledge about the disease cause of admission and diseases prevalent. Methodology: A quasi-experimental study with repeated measures and prospective information recollection. A total of 128 caregivers previous informed consent, were interrogated with a format to assess the level of knowledge to the ingress and egress, addressing issues of prevalent diseases of childhood. Were estimated for each topic change in knowledge and then multiple linear regression models were evaluated determinants of magnitude of learning. Results: At discharge increased the percentage of correct answers on the topics. Variables associated with learning were infectious disease (coefficient: 2.99%, 95% CI 0.36 to 5.61), malnutrition (11.45%, 95% CI 5.21 to 17.68), subsidized (-3.39%, 95% CI -6.41 to -0.37), caregiver school (-2.36%, 95% CI -4.65 to -0.06) and to consider appropriate management (9, 15%, 95% CI 3.16 to 15.13). As for nutrition, ≥ 2 layers caregivers evidenced less learning (-7.21%, 95% CI -13.73 to -0.69). Also, when I explained the disease, had higher learning (7.43%, 95% CI 0.27 to 14.59). Discussion: This study encourages further research to provide new evidence on the importance of health education at the hospital. Conclusions: Increased knowledge level during hospitalization, without reaching 30% expected and evidence that several factors affect this learning. Salud UIS 2012; 44 (2): 35-43Keywords: knowledge, caregivers, child hospitalized, child welfare