Comparative pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics of subcutaneous insulin glulisine and insulin aspart prior to a standard meal in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes

Aims: A multinational, randomized, double-blind, two-way crossover trial to compare the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of bolus, subcutaneously administered insulin glulisine (glulisine) and insulin aspart (aspart) in insulin-naÏve, obese subjects with type 2 diabetes

Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemia Alters the Response to Orthostatic Stress in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE—Insulin has opposing influences on blood pressure by simultaneously increasing adrenergic activity and vasodilatating peripheral blood vessels. In this study, we sought to determine whether hyperinsulinemia affects tilt table responses in older adults with type 2 diabetes not complicated by orthostatic hypotension

Observational study of hypertension in Matelica, Italy (Matelica hypertension study)

This study summarizes the results of an epidemiological investigation carried out on the occasion of the Second World Hypertension Day (May 13, 2006) in the city of Matelica in the Region of the Marches, Central Italy. In all, 518 subjects (298 males, average age 52.3 years; 220 females, average age 55 years) with either diagnosed hypertension or who were thought to be normotensive had arterial blood pressure measured. Other cardiovascular risk factors and the costs of pharmacological treatment for hypertension were assessed as well. In 72.46% of examined subjects, arterial blood pressure levels averaged > or =140-90 mmHg if non-diabetic and > or =130-80 mmHg if diabetics. A total of 48.14% of individuals assumed in anamnesis to be normotensive had arterial blood pressure levels higher than the above values and were therefore found to have hypertensive values. The cost of anti-hypertensive treatment in the area of Matelica averages Euro 543.7/patient/year. The present data, which are in line with those of other epidemiological studies performed in Italy, confirm the view that arterial hypertension control in Italy is still largely unsatisfactory. This observation should stimulate both health and specific medical measures to counter the risk of complications of arterial hypertension in aged populations, such as those present in the territory examined