The relationship between insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in non-obese non-diabetic Turkish individuals: a pilot study

Background/Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is related to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome may also be encountered in non-obese, non-diabetic individuals, and there are no published data about the prevalence of these conditions in non-obese, non-diabetic Turkish subjects. We aimed to determine the difference between non-obese, non-diabetic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients and healthy controls in terms of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in Turkish subjects. Materials and Methods: Non-obese, non-diabetic individuals (n=219) were enrolled. The cohort was divided into two groups according to presence of steatosis in ultrasonography: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease group (n=143) and healthy control group (n=76). Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results: The prevalences of metabolic syndrome (32.2% vs. 5.3%, respectively; p<0.001) and insulin resistance (46.2% vs. 9.2%, respectively; p<0.001) were significantly higher in the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease group. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, age (odds ratio 1.534; p=0.0032), insulin resistance (odds ratio 1.074; p<0.001), and serum ALT levels (odds ratio 1.102; p<0.001) were independently associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Conclusion: Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome are not rare in non-obese, non-diabetic Turkish subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Ultrasonographically detected fatty liver was independently associated with insulin resistance, irrespective of the presence of metabolic syndrome

Financial literacy level of beekeepers: The case of Bingöl

Bu çalışmanın amacı Bingöl’de arıcılık mesleği icra eden bireylerin temel finansal okuryazarlık düzeylerinin tespit edilmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda katılımcılara 1 Nisan-1 Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında toplamda 260 anket uygulanmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada t testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (Anova) kullanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmanın sonucunda asıl mesleği arıcılık olmayan farklı mesleklere sahip katılımcıların, finansal okuryazarlığın alt boyutlarından olan TDEF, BBANK, V&M, FTAB, YATIRIM, BES, M&F gibi boyutlarda asıl mesleği arıcılık olan katılımcılardan daha fazla bilgi düzeyine sahip oldukları saptanmıştır. Bununla birlikte katılımcıların yaş ortalaması arttıkça TDEF, BBANK, V&M, FTAB, YATIRIM, BES, M&F gibi alt boyutlardaki temel bilgi düzeylerinde azalma görülmektedir. Ayrıca katılımcıların eğitim seviyesi arttıkça TDEF, BBANK, V&M, FTAB, YATIRIM, BES, M&F gibi boyutlarda daha fazla bilgiye sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir.The aim of this study is to determine the financial literacy levels of the individuals who are working as a profession in Bingöl. For this purpose, a total of 260 questionnaires were applied to the participants between April 1 and May 1, 2020. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program. T-test and one-way analysis of variance (Anova) were used in the study. As a result of the study, it was determined that participants with different professions whose main profession is not beekeeping have a higher level of knowledge in dimensions such as TDEF, BBANK, V&M, FTAB, YATIRIM, BES, M&F which are sub-dimensions of financial literacy, than participants whose main profession is beekeeping. However, as the average age of the participants increases, there is a decrease in the basic knowledge levels in sub-dimensions such as TDEF, BBANK, V&M, FTAB, INVESTMENT, BES M&F. In addition, as the education level of the participants increased, it was determined that they had more knowledge in dimensions such as TDEF, BBANK, V&M, FTAB, YATIRIM, BES, M&F

Intrahospital critical patient transport from the emergency department

Introduction: Although intrahospital transportation of critical patients from the emergency department (ED) is inevitable, it could also result in life-threatening situations. These situations, referred to as unwanted or unexpected events, mainly happen during the transportation of patients for diagnostic imaging or invasive procedures and result in a wide spectrum from vital condition changes, mental condition changes to cardiopulmonary arrest and death. Emergency departments have a high risk of facing such situations because these units are the first admission door of critical patients

Growth curves for Turkish Girls with Turner Syndrome: Results of the Turkish Turner Syndrome Study Group

OBJECTIVE: Children with Turner syndrome (TS) have a specific growth pattern that is quite different from that of healthy children. Many countries have population-specific growth charts for TS. Considering national and ethnic differences, we undertook this multicenter collaborative study to construct growth charts and reference values for height, weight and body mass index (BMI) from 3 years of age to adulthood for spontaneous growth of Turkish girls with TS. METHODS: Cross-sectional height and weight data of 842 patients with TS, younger than 18 years of age and before starting any therapy, were evaluated. RESULTS: The data were processed to calculate the 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 97th percentile values for defined ages and to construct growth curves for height-for-age, weight-for-age and BMI-for-age of girls with TS. The growth pattern of TS girls in this series resembled the growth pattern of TS girls in other reports, but there were differences in height between our series and the others. CONCLUSION: This study provides disease-specific growth charts for Turkish girls with TS. These disease-specific national growth charts will serve to improve the evaluation of growth and its management with growth-promoting therapeutic agents in TS patients

Inborn errors of OAS–RNase L in SARS-CoV-2–related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

International audienceMultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare and severe condition that follows benign COVID-19. We report autosomal recessive deficiencies of OAS1 , OAS2 , or RNASEL in five unrelated children with MIS-C. The cytosolic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)–sensing OAS1 and OAS2 generate 2′-5′-linked oligoadenylates (2-5A) that activate the single-stranded RNA–degrading ribonuclease L (RNase L). Monocytic cell lines and primary myeloid cells with OAS1, OAS2, or RNase L deficiencies produce excessive amounts of inflammatory cytokines upon dsRNA or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) stimulation. Exogenous 2-5A suppresses cytokine production in OAS1-deficient but not RNase L–deficient cells. Cytokine production in RNase L–deficient cells is impaired by MDA5 or RIG-I deficiency and abolished by mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) deficiency. Recessive OAS–RNase L deficiencies in these patients unleash the production of SARS-CoV-2–triggered, MAVS-mediated inflammatory cytokines by mononuclear phagocytes, thereby underlying MIS-C