Chapter 1 Transformation of the economy

"This book presents the ways in which three key issues of the modern world – transformation, digitalisation and sustainability – may be combined for the greater good and highlights which activities may be designed to integrate these three directly linked paths. It is an experience-derived and evidence-based analysis of how sustainable development impacts the transformation of the economy and how the business environment influences economic transformation in the light of the sustainable development principles. The book addresses the current challenges and shows how the economy can be transformed further in an organic way that meets the needs of society and the environment, through the use of digital technologies. The multidisciplinary approach to sustainability transformation is one of the core strengths of the book, as it emphasises the need for a holistic approach to the functioning of sustainable development ideas at the micro- and macro-levels. The authors present a fresh perspective, particularly around the regulations stimulating the sustainable development of enterprises, tax systems, and the allocation of capital. Moreover, the book brings together and makes available the results of the latest research on the subject, using a vast amount of primary evidence and both quantitative and qualitative methodology. The authors’ insights go beyond the obvious effects of economic transformation and call attention to ways in which smart technology and digitalisation may help to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. The book is directed first and foremost towards academics, researchers and students, but also professionals, who would like to expand their knowledge of sustainable development from a scientific perspective.

Regulation of Expression and Latency in BLV and HTLV

Human T-lymphotrophic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) belong to the Deltaretrovirus genus. HTLV-1 is the etiologic agent of the highly aggressive and currently incurable cancer adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and a neurological disease HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). BLV causes neoplastic proliferation of B cells in cattle: enzootic bovine leucosis (EBL). Despite the severity of these conditions, infection by HTLV-1 and BLV appear in most cases clinically asymptomatic. These viruses can undergo latency in their hosts. The silencing of proviral gene expression and maintenance of latency are central for the establishment of persistent infection, as well as for pathogenesis in vivo. In this review, we will present the mechanisms that control proviral activation and retroviral latency in deltaretroviruses, in comparison with other exogenous retroviruses. The 50 long terminal repeats (50-LTRs) play a main role in controlling viral gene expression. While the regulation of transcription initiation is a major mechanism of silencing, we discuss topics that include (i) the epigenetic control of the provirus, (ii) the cis-elements present in the LTR, (iii) enhancers with cell-type specific regulatory functions, (iv) the role of virally-encoded transactivator proteins, (v) the role of repressors in transcription and silencing, (vi) the effect of hormonal signaling, (vii) implications of LTR variability on transcription and latency, and (viii) the regulatory role of non-coding RNAs. Finally, we discuss how a better understanding of these mechanisms may allow for the development of more effective treatments against Deltaretroviruses.Fil: Pluta, Aneta. National Veterinary Research Institute; PoloniaFil: Jaworski, Juan Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigacion En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas. Instituto de Virologia E Innovaciones Tecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Virologia E Innovaciones Tecnologicas.; ArgentinaFil: Douville, Renée N.. University of Manitoba; Canad

Balance between retroviral latency and transcription : based on HIV model

The representative of the Lentivirus genus is the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To date, there is no cure for AIDS because of the existence of the HIV-1 reservoir. HIV-1 infection can persist for decades despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), due to the persistence of infectious latent viruses in long-lived resting memory CD4+ T cells, macrophages, monocytes, microglial cells, and other cell types. However, the biology of HIV-1 latency remains incompletely understood. Retroviral long terminal repeat region (LTR) plays an indispensable role in controlling viral gene expression. Regulation of the transcription initiation plays a crucial role in establishing and maintaining a retrovirus latency. Whether and how retroviruses establish latency and reactivate remains unclear. In this article, we describe what is known about the regulation of LTR-driven transcription in HIV-1, that is, the cis-elements present in the LTR, the role of LTR transcription factor binding sites in LTR-driven transcription, the role of HIV-1-encoded transactivator protein, hormonal effects on virus transcription, impact of LTR variability on transcription, and epigenetic control of retrovirus LTR. Finally, we focus on a novel clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/dCas9)-based strategy for HIV-1 reservoir purging.Instituto de VirologíaFil: Pluta, Aneta. National Veterinary Research Institute. Department of Biochemistry; PoloniaFil: Jaworski, Juan Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología; ArgentinaFil: Jaworski, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Cortés-Rubio, César N. National Institute of Respiratory Diseases. Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases; Méxic

Branża KEP – barometr polskiej gospodarki

Branża przesyłek KEP jest wrażliwa na zmiany zachodzące w polskiej i światowej gospodarce. Jednocześnie dynamiczny rozwój operatorów ekspresowych wywarł pozytywny wpływ na rozwój polskich przedsiębiorstw. Wyniki przeprowadzonych w KNoP przez Zespół Katedry Logistyki badań operatorów ekspresowych potwierdziły, że branża ta wykazuje zarówno cechy barometru, jak i lokomotywy polskiej gospodarki

Greening the value chain by implementation of environmental practices

PURPOSE: The main objective of the article is to identify the pro-environmental practices of the greatest importance in the structure of the value chain.METHODOLOGY: The CATI test was carried out on a sample of 200 companies. The survey was conducted on the basis of a questionnaire, and the answers were measured using the Likert scale. Analysis of the results of the study, for the purposes of the article, was carried out using the Spearman rank correlation method.FINDINGS: Analysis of the results of the study identified the environmental practices with the greatest correlation with the areas of the value chain. On this basis, the most important environmental practices were identified. In addition, it was possible to make conclusions for the different areas of the value chain activity. The main element of the conclusions is to indicate the position that eco-practices are an integral part of the greening of the value chain.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Although it is not possible to put forward an unequivocal thesis that the indicated eco-practices allow to conclude that the value chain is ecologistized, it becomes possible to identify eco-practices of the highest importance and this leads to the conclusion that the directions of further use of pro-environmental solutions in the future are known.ORIGINALITY/RESEARCH: Original research.peer-reviewe

Czy logistyka może rewitalizować miasto?

Coraz większe problemy dla rozwoju miast stwarzają negatywne konsekwencje procesów urbanizacyjnych. Dlatego też potrzebne stają się działania dotyczące rewitalizacji i rozwoju miast, i obszarów z nimi związanych, dzięki czemu następowałoby przywrócenie korzystnych warunków do zamieszkania i podejmowania inwestycji sektora prywatnego. Czy logistyka, a zwłaszcza inwestycje w obiekty zlokalizowane wokół wielkich miast, pomagają rewitalizować i rozwijać małe oraz średnie miejscowości? Z badań przeprowadzonych przez zespół Katedry Logistyki SGH wynika, że szansę na rewitalizację i zrównoważony rozwój poprzez logistykę mają przede wszystkim małe i średnie miejscowości, które są położone wokół wielkich miast i powiązane z krajową infrastrukturą drogową. W artykule zostały omówione wyniki badań, które przeprowadzono w województwie mazowieckim, oraz rekomendacje dla innych miast Polski

Obtaining microcapsules with albumin with programmed properties

The aim of this study was: a) the determination of the relation between composition of mixture for microencapsulation (gelatin concentration 5, 10, and 15 %; sodium alginate 2, 4, and 6 %; acetic acid 15, 20, and 30 %) and the efficiency of the obtained microcapsules, b) the degree of human serum albumin (HSA) incorporation, and c) the release time of HSA from microcapsules. Existing relations was described by multiple regression equations on the basis of which it can be obtained HSA gelatin-alginate micocapsules with specified release time and with specified efficiency and degree of protein incorporation. The aim was realized by modeling the composition of mixture for microencapsulation. HSA microcapsules were prepared using complex coacervation method. Based on presented multiple regression equations it was possible to obtain HSA microcapsules with specified efficiency, degree of incorporation and release time.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire