18 research outputs found
The SOUL view of IRAS20126+4104. Kinematics and variability of the H jet from a massive protostar
We exploit the increased sensitivity of the recently installed AO SOUL at the
LBT to obtain new high-spatial-resolution NIR images of the massive young
stellar object IRAS20126+4104 and its outflow. We aim to derive the jet proper
motions and kinematics, as well as to study its photometric variability by
combining the novel performances of SOUL together with previous NIR images. We
used both broad-band (, ) and narrow-band (Br, H2)
observations from a number of NIR cameras
(UKIRT/UFTI,SUBARU/CIAO,TNG/NICS,LBT/PISCES,and LBT/LUCI1) to derive maps of
the continuum and the H emission in the 2.12 m line. Three sets of
images, obtained with AO systems (CIAO,2003; FLAO,2012; SOUL,2020), allowed us
to derive the proper motions of a large number of H knots along the jet.
Photometry from all images was used to study the jet variability. We derived
knot proper motions in the range of 1.7-20.3 mas yr (i.e. 13-158 km
s at 1.64 kpc, avg. outflow tangential velocity 80 km s).
The derived knot dynamical age spans a 200-4000 yr interval. A ring-like
H feature near the protostar location exhibits peculiar kinematics and may
represent the outcome of a wide-angle wind impinging on the outflow cavity.
Both H geometry and velocities agree with those inferred from proper
motions of the HO masers, located at a smaller distance from the protostar.
Although the total H line emission from the knots does not exhibit time
variations at a 0.3 mag level, we have found a clear continuum
flux variation (radiation scattered by the dust in the cavity opened by the
jet) which is anti-correlated between the blue-shifted and red-shifted lobes
and may be periodic (with a period of 12-18 yr). We suggest that the
continuum variability might be related to inner-disc oscillations which have
also caused the jet precession.Comment: 26 pages, 22 figures, 2 mpeg files, accepted by Astronomy &
Astrophysic
Near-Infrared Observations of Outflows and YSOs in the Massive Star-Forming Region AFGL 5180
Methods: Broad- and narrow-band imaging of AFGL 5180 was made in the NIR with
the LBT, in both seeing-limited (\sim0.5\arcsec) and high angular resolution
(\sim0.09\arcsec) Adaptive Optics (AO) modes, as well as with HST. Archival
ALMA continuum data was also utilized.
Results: At least 40 jet knots were identified via NIR emission from H
and [FeII] tracing shocked gas. Bright jet knots outflowing from the central
most massive protostar, S4, are detected towards the east of the source and are
resolved in fine detail with the AO imaging. Additional knots are distributed
throughout the field, likely indicating the presence of multiple driving
sources. Sub-millimeter sources detected by ALMA are shown to be grouped in two
main complexes, AFGL 5180 M and a small cluster \sim15\arcsec to the south,
AFGL 5180 S. From our NIR continuum images we identify YSO candidates down to
masses of . Combined with the sub-mm sources, this yields a
surface number density of such YSOs of within a
projected radius of about 0.1 pc. Such a value is similar to those predicted by
models of both Core Accretion from a turbulent clump environment and
Competitive Accretion. The radial profile of is relatively flat on scales
out to 0.2~pc, with only modest enhancement around the massive protostar inside
0.05~pc.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates the utility of high-resolution NIR
imaging, in particular with AO, for detecting outflow activity and YSOs in
distant regions. The presented images reveal the complex morphology of
outflow-shocked gas within the large-scale bipolar flow of a massive protostar,
as well as clear evidence for several other outflow driving sources in the
region. Finally, this work presents a novel approach to compare the observed
YSO surface number density from our study against different models of massive
star formation.Comment: Accepted to Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A
GMP-selected dual and lensed AGNs: Selection function and classification based on near-IR colors and resolved spectra from VLT/ERIS, Keck/OSIRIS, and LBT/LUCI
The Gaia Multipeak (GMP) technique can be used to identify large numbers of dual or lensed active galactic nucleus (AGN) candidates at subarcsec separation, allowing us to study both multiple supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the same galaxy and rare, compact lensed systems. The observed samples can be used to test the predictions of the models of SMBH merging when (1) the selection function of the GMP technique is known, and (2) each system has been classified as a dual AGN, a lensed AGN, or an AGN/star alignment. Here we show that the GMP selection is very efficient for separations above 0:15′′ when the secondary (fainter) object has a magnitude G ≤ 20:5. We present the spectroscopic classification of five GMP candidates using VLT/ERIS and Keck/OSIRIS and compare them with the classifications obtained from (a) the near-IR colors of seven systems obtained with LBT/LUCI, and (b) the analysis of the total spatially unresolved spectra. We conclude that colors and integrated spectra can already provide reliable classifications of many systems. Finally, we summarize the confirmed dual AGNs at z > 0:5 selected by the GMP technique, and compare this sample with other such systems from the literature, concluding that GMP can provide a large number of confirmed dual AGNs at separations below 7 kpc
GMP-selected dual and lensed AGNs: selection function and classification based on near-IR colors and resolved spectra from VLT/ERIS, KECK/OSIRIS, and LBT/LUCI
The Gaia-Multi-Peak (GMP) technique can be used to identify large numbers of
dual or lensed AGN candidates at sub-arcsec separation, allowing us to study
both multiple SMBHs in the same galaxy and rare, compact lensed systems. The
observed samples can be used to test the predictions of the models of SMBH
merging once 1) the selection function of the GMP technique is known, and 2)
each system has been classified as dual AGN, lensed AGN, or AGN/star alignment.
Here we show that the GMP selection is very efficient for separations above
0.15'' when the secondary (fainter) object has magnitude G<20.5. We present the
spectroscopic classification of five GMP candidates using VLT/ERIS and
Keck/OSIRIS, and compare them with the classifications obtained from: a) the
near-IR colors of 7 systems obtained with LBT/LUCI, and b) the analysis of the
total, spatially-unresolved spectra. We conclude that colors and integrated
spectra can already provide reliable classifications of many systems. Finally,
we summarize the confirmed dual AGNs at z>0.5 selected by the GMP technique,
and compare this sample with other such systems from the literature, concluding
that GMP can provide a large number of confirmed dual AGNs at separations below
7 kpc.Comment: 14 pages,A&A, in pres
MAVIS: The adaptive optics module feasibility study
The Adaptive Optics Module of MAVIS is a self-contained MCAO module, which delivers a corrected FoV to the postfocal scientific instruments, in the visible. The module aims to exploit the full potential of the ESO VLT UT4 Adaptive Optics Facility, which is composed of the high spatial frequency deformable secondary mirror and the laser guide stars launching and control systems. During the MAVIS Phase A, we evaluated, with the support of simulations and analysis at different levels, the main terms of the error budgets aiming at estimating the realistic AOM performance. After introducing the current opto-mechanical design and AO scheme of the AOM, we here present the standard wavefront error budget and the other budgets, including manufacturing, alignment of the module, thermal behavior and noncommon path aberrations, together with the contribution of the upstream telescope system
Experimental validation of LIFT for estimation of low-order modes in low-flux wavefront sensing
International audienceLaser Tomographic and Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics systems rely on natural guide stars to sense low order aberrations (tip/tilt and focus). LIFT is a novel focal plane wavefront sensor (WFS), performing a maximum likelihood phase retrieval on a single image, with better sensitivity than a 2x2 Hartmann-Shack WFS. Its performance for the estimation of tip/tilt and focus is similar to a pyramid WFS without modulation, but with a simpler set-up. We present here the LIFT concept and associated data processing, as well as experimental results. We validate the estimation of tip/tilt and focus, with monochromatic and large bandwidth light, and verify the low noise sensitivity predicted by theory. (C) 2013 Optical Society of Americ
Atomic modelling of carbon atom diffusion in monoclinic zirconia volume, subsurface and surface
International audienceCarbon atom diffusion in monoclinic zirconia from bulk to the ( 1¯ 11) surface is studied by Density Functional Theory and atomic Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) calculations. The aim is to characterize the behaviour of 14 C in one type of nuclear waste in its deep disposal site during a geological timescale at 50 °C. In bulk, diffusion coefficient expression Dbulk=1.6 ×10−3(cm2s)×e(−1.19 eVkBT) shows a very slow diffusion of 10 −22  cm 2 /s at 50 °C. The carbon atom at the subsurface frontier in the bulk side prefers to diffuse towards the surface rather than staying in the bulk or moving laterally. Diffusion from subsurface to surface is accessible at 50 °C with a minimum migration energy calculated at 0.20 eV. On the surface, diffusion is more probable than in the bulk with a diffusion coefficient expression Dsurf=1.1×10−3(cm2s)×e(−0.76 eVkBT) equals to 10 −15  cm 2 /s at 50 °C. Atomic KMC simulation shows one dimensional diffusion along an identified path on the surface
Modelling Local Seismograms of French Nuclear Tests In Taourirt Tan Afella Massif, Hoggar, Algeria
Geophysical Journal International, vol. 199, n°3, pp. 964 - 974, 1994International audienc
Redox Status of Professional Soccer Players is Influenced by Training Load Throughout a Season
International audienceThe purpose of this study was to follow-up the variation of pro-/antioxidant status throughout a whole season in elite professional soccer players from the French league (n = 19, 18.3 +/- 0.6 years) and to examine a possible link between these variations and training load. 5 time points (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) were proposed to surround crucial periods of training during the whole season: the pre-season training/mid-season periods (T1-T2 and T3-T4), the championship or in-season periods (T2-T3 and T4-T5). At these times, blood samples were collected to measure pro-/antioxidant status (in erythrocytes: the ratio of reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, in plasma: alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene), and dietary intakes were also recorded. Training loads were quantified by the rating of perceived exertion method weekly throughout the season. Pro-/antioxidant-related measurements showed no modifications except for GSH/GSSG ratio, which evolved significantly between season periods: from 36.43 +/- 4.15 (T1) to 115.99 +/- 16.43 (T2) to 91.64 +/- 21.24 (T3) to 202.29 +/- 29.26 (T4) to 59.61 +/- 14.61 (T5). We observed a significant correlation (r(2) = 0.84) between changes in GSH/GSSH ratio and cumulated mean training loads. In conclusion, these results suggest that the redox status of professional soccer players is altered according to training period (in-season periods) and that GSH/GSSH ratio variations are correlated with cumulated training loads