Do Surgeons Anticipate Women’s Hopes and Fears Associated with Prolapse Repair? A Qualitative Analysis in the PROSPERE Trial

Women’s preoperative perceptions of pelvic-floor disorders may differ from those of their physicians. Our objective was to specify women’s hopes and fears before cystocele repair, and to compare them to those that surgeons anticipate. We performed a secondary qualitative analysis of data from the PROSPERE trial. Among the 265 women included, 98% reported at least one hope and 86% one fear before surgery. Sixteen surgeons also completed the free expectations-questionnaire as a typical patient would. Women’s hopes covered seven themes, and women’s fears eleven. Women’s hopes were concerning prolapse repair (60%), improvement of urinary function (39%), capacity for physical activities (28%), sexual function (27%), well-being (25%), and end of pain or heaviness (19%). Women’s fears were concerning prolapse relapse (38%), perioperative concerns (28%), urinary disorders (26%), pain (19%), sexual problems (10%), and physical impairment (6%). Surgeons anticipated typical hopes and fears which were very similar to those the majority of women reported. However, only 60% of the women reported prolapse repair as an expectation. Women’s expectations appear reasonable and consistent with the scientific literature on the improvement and the risk of relapse or complication related to cystocele repair. Our analysis encourages surgeons to consider individual woman’s expectations before pelvic-floor repair

Effets de la grossesse et des variations pondérales sur la survenue d’une incontinence urinaire chez la femme : une enquête étiologique sur la part réversible de l’incontinence urinaire

Objective: the most often cited hypothese to explain urinary incontinence (UI) is the theory of birth trauma: vaginal delivery would be likely to cause perineal tears leading to UI and caesarean section appears as a protective factor. The objective of our work was to clarify the importance of non-obstetric factors involved in the genesis of UI in women.Material and Methods: we first studied the impact of UI risk factors in two distinct populations: one away from the first delivery (between 4 and 12 years), the other at 1 year of the first delivery.Results: Twelve years after 1st delivery, we found that the presence of a UI during pregnancy increase the risk of UI. It also reduced the chance of UI remission between 4 and 12 years after the first delivery. Mode of delivery and additional pregnancies were associated with the risk of UI at 12 years. A higher BMI was associated with a higher risk of developing UI 12 years after the first delivery, while the weight loss increased the chances of remission. At 1 year after the 1st delivery, the existence of UI during pregnancy was a factor strongly associated with the risk of UI in the postpartum period, regardless of mode of delivery. Prenatal cervical-urethral mobility (evaluated clinically or by ultrasound) was significantly associated with the risk of UI 1 year after first delivery.Conclusion: These results show the importance of the "non-traumatic" risk factors on the postnatal UI risk, especially individual susceptibility factors. Yet reading the abundant literature does not conclude as to the real impact of mode of delivery on postnatal IU and the only way to respond would be to set up a randomized trial comparing cesarean and vaginal delivery. In the third part of this work, we present the methodology of the research protocol we wish to set up to answer the question. The problem lies for us in the acceptability of this type of trial. A preliminary investigation will assess the feasibility of such a trial in France.Objectif : la principale théorie développée pour expliquer l’incontinence urinaire (IU) et le défaut de support urétral est la théorie du traumatisme obstétrical : l’accouchement par voie vaginale serait susceptible d’entraîner des lésions périnéales à l’origine de l’IU et la pratique de la césarienne constituerait un facteur protecteur. Notre objectif était de préciser la part des facteurs étiologiques non liés à l’accouchement qui participent à la genèse de l’IU reliée à la grossesse chez la femme.Matériel et Méthodes : nous avons d’abord étudié l’impact des facteurs de risque d’IU dans 2 populations distinctes : l’une à distance du premier accouchement (entre 4 et 12 ans), l’autre dans une cohorte de primipares suivies à 1 an du premier accouchement.Résultats : A long terme après le premier accouchement, nous avons retrouvé que la présence d’une IU au cours de la première grossesse augmentait le risque d’IU. Elle diminuait également les chances de rémission de l’IU entre 4 et 12 ans après le premier accouchement. Le mode d’accouchement et les grossesses supplémentaires n’étaient pas associés au risque d’IU à 12 ans. Par contre, un IMC élevé était associé à un risque plus élevé de développer une IU 12 ans après le premier accouchement, tandis que la perte de poids augmentait les chances de rémission. A 1 an après le premier accouchement, l’existence d’une IU lors de la grossesse était un facteur très fortement associé au risque d’IU dans le postpartum, indépendamment du mode d’accouchement. La mobilité cervico-urétrale prénatale, évaluée cliniquement ou à l’aide de l’échographie était associée significativement au risque d’IU 1 an après le premier accouchement. Nous n’avons pas retrouvé d’association significative avec le mode d’accouchement à 1 an du postpartum.Conclusion : Ces résultats montrent donc l’importance de la part des facteurs de risque « non traumatiques » sur le risque d’IU postnatale, en particulier les facteurs de susceptibilité individuelle et métaboliques. La lecture de la littérature pourtant abondante ne permet pas de conclure quant au réél impact du mode d’accouchement sur l’IU postnatale et la possibilité de prévention par la césarienne au sein de groupes à risque particulier. La seule façon d’y répondre serait de mettre en place un essai randomisé comparant la césarienne et l’accouchement vaginal. Dans la troisième partie de ce travail, nous présentons la méthodologie du protocole de recherche que nous souhaitons mettre en place pour répondre à la question. A une époque où la relation médecin-malade évolue, la difficulté réside essentiellement en l’acceptabilité de ce type d’essai, que ce soit auprès des patientes ou des obstétriciens. Une enquête préliminaire permettra d’évaluer la faisabilité d’un tel essai en France

Effects of pregnancy and weight variations on female urinary incontinence : an etiologic survey on the reversible part of urinary incontinence

Objectif : la principale théorie développée pour expliquer l’incontinence urinaire (IU) et le défaut de support urétral est la théorie du traumatisme obstétrical : l’accouchement par voie vaginale serait susceptible d’entraîner des lésions périnéales à l’origine de l’IU et la pratique de la césarienne constituerait un facteur protecteur. Notre objectif était de préciser la part des facteurs étiologiques non liés à l’accouchement qui participent à la genèse de l’IU reliée à la grossesse chez la femme.Matériel et Méthodes : nous avons d’abord étudié l’impact des facteurs de risque d’IU dans 2 populations distinctes : l’une à distance du premier accouchement (entre 4 et 12 ans), l’autre dans une cohorte de primipares suivies à 1 an du premier accouchement.Résultats : A long terme après le premier accouchement, nous avons retrouvé que la présence d’une IU au cours de la première grossesse augmentait le risque d’IU. Elle diminuait également les chances de rémission de l’IU entre 4 et 12 ans après le premier accouchement. Le mode d’accouchement et les grossesses supplémentaires n’étaient pas associés au risque d’IU à 12 ans. Par contre, un IMC élevé était associé à un risque plus élevé de développer une IU 12 ans après le premier accouchement, tandis que la perte de poids augmentait les chances de rémission. A 1 an après le premier accouchement, l’existence d’une IU lors de la grossesse était un facteur très fortement associé au risque d’IU dans le postpartum, indépendamment du mode d’accouchement. La mobilité cervico-urétrale prénatale, évaluée cliniquement ou à l’aide de l’échographie était associée significativement au risque d’IU 1 an après le premier accouchement. Nous n’avons pas retrouvé d’association significative avec le mode d’accouchement à 1 an du postpartum.Conclusion : Ces résultats montrent donc l’importance de la part des facteurs de risque « non traumatiques » sur le risque d’IU postnatale, en particulier les facteurs de susceptibilité individuelle et métaboliques. La lecture de la littérature pourtant abondante ne permet pas de conclure quant au réél impact du mode d’accouchement sur l’IU postnatale et la possibilité de prévention par la césarienne au sein de groupes à risque particulier. La seule façon d’y répondre serait de mettre en place un essai randomisé comparant la césarienne et l’accouchement vaginal. Dans la troisième partie de ce travail, nous présentons la méthodologie du protocole de recherche que nous souhaitons mettre en place pour répondre à la question. A une époque où la relation médecin-malade évolue, la difficulté réside essentiellement en l’acceptabilité de ce type d’essai, que ce soit auprès des patientes ou des obstétriciens. Une enquête préliminaire permettra d’évaluer la faisabilité d’un tel essai en France.Objective: the most often cited hypothese to explain urinary incontinence (UI) is the theory of birth trauma: vaginal delivery would be likely to cause perineal tears leading to UI and caesarean section appears as a protective factor. The objective of our work was to clarify the importance of non-obstetric factors involved in the genesis of UI in women.Material and Methods: we first studied the impact of UI risk factors in two distinct populations: one away from the first delivery (between 4 and 12 years), the other at 1 year of the first delivery.Results: Twelve years after 1st delivery, we found that the presence of a UI during pregnancy increase the risk of UI. It also reduced the chance of UI remission between 4 and 12 years after the first delivery. Mode of delivery and additional pregnancies were associated with the risk of UI at 12 years. A higher BMI was associated with a higher risk of developing UI 12 years after the first delivery, while the weight loss increased the chances of remission. At 1 year after the 1st delivery, the existence of UI during pregnancy was a factor strongly associated with the risk of UI in the postpartum period, regardless of mode of delivery. Prenatal cervical-urethral mobility (evaluated clinically or by ultrasound) was significantly associated with the risk of UI 1 year after first delivery.Conclusion: These results show the importance of the "non-traumatic" risk factors on the postnatal UI risk, especially individual susceptibility factors. Yet reading the abundant literature does not conclude as to the real impact of mode of delivery on postnatal IU and the only way to respond would be to set up a randomized trial comparing cesarean and vaginal delivery. In the third part of this work, we present the methodology of the research protocol we wish to set up to answer the question. The problem lies for us in the acceptability of this type of trial. A preliminary investigation will assess the feasibility of such a trial in France

Pression de clôture urétrale maximale à l'effort (une nouvelle mesure dans l'évaluation de l'incontinence urinaire à l'effort chez la femme)

LE KREMLIN-B.- PARIS 11-BU Méd (940432101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Uterine myomas and lower urinary tract dysfunctions: A literature review

International audienceDifferent types of urinary symptoms associated with myomas are reported, including urinary incontinence or dysuria. They are rarely investigated in patients and their prevalence is not well known. While myomas are the first reason to perform hysterectomy in France, few studies have evaluated the impact of surgical treatment in women with urinary symptoms. Our objective was to conduct a review of the literature regarding urinary symptoms associated with myomas and the impact of their treatment on these symptoms. We reviewed articles indexed in MEDLINE dealing with urinary symptoms and myomas, and published until September 2018. The prevalence of urinary symptoms in women with uterine myomas is highly variable depending on whether the authors are interested in symptoms or urodynamic results. The most frequently reported urinary symptoms are urgency (31-59%), dysuria (4-36%) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI, 20 80%). While some studies have found the anterior location of myomas and the size superior to 5 cm as a risk factor for UI, other studies have not found a correlation between myomas topography and symptom scores. The treatments of uterine myomas seem to have an impact on women's urinary symptoms. Although hysterectomy is considered as a risk factor for pelvic floor disorders, the removal of the uterus may sometimes improve or cure urinary symptoms. Most authors also found a significant improvement in urinary symptom scores after myomectomy and myomas embolization. More studies are needed to clarify the impact of myomas treatment on urinary symptoms

Technical considerations and mid-term follow-up after vaginal hysterocolpectomy with colpocleisis for pelvic organ prolapse

International audienceObjectivesAt the time of controversies on surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse, our aim was to describe an effective technique of hysterocolpectomy with colpocleisis for elderly patients not wishing to maintain vaginal sexual activity and present mid-term results including pelvic floor symptoms and quality of life, patient satisfaction and surgical complications using validated scores.Study designWe conducted a retrospective study of all patients having undergone this surgery between June 2006 and June 2016. Women were examined using POP-Q classification and completed validated questionnaires concerning symptoms and quality of life before and after the surgery. Patient satisfaction was assessed using the PGI-I. Complications were described according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.ResultsDuring the 10-year period, 37 women underwent the surgery with a mean age at surgery of 81.2 years (range: 61–93 years). One per-operative complication occurred (a rectal wound that was sutured) and five Clavien-Dindo grade 3b postoperative complications. Three repeat operations were necessary within 15 days; one suburethral sling had to be lowered because of urinary retention; one tension-free vaginal tape had to be unilaterally sectioned for acute urinary retention; and one woman presented a pararectal abscess requiring surgical drainage. The mean duration of hospitalization was 5.5 (+/-4.2) days. The mean follow-up time was 44.1 (±30.1) months. All symptoms and quality of life scores decreased significantly after the surgery and patient satisfaction was good (PGI-I score = 1.55 +/-0.8).ConclusionsHysterocolpectomy with colpocleisis appears to be an effective treatment with a high level of patient satisfaction among the elderly

Urethral closure pressure at stress: A predictive measure for the diagnosis and severity of urinary incontinence in women

International audiencePurpose: Maintaining urinary continence at stress requires a competent urethral sphincter and good suburethral support. Sphincter competence is estimated by measuring the maximal urethral closure pressure at rest. We aimed to study the value of a new urodynamic measure, the urethral closure pressure at stress (s-UCP), in the diagnosis and severity of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: A total of 400 women without neurological disorders were included in this observational study. SUI was diagnosed using the International Continence Society definition, and severity was assessed using a validated French questionnaire, the Mesure du Handicap Urinaire. The perineal examination consisted of rating the strength of the levator ani muscle (0-5) and an assessment of bladder neck mobility using point Aa (cm). The urodynamic parameters were maximal urethral closure pressure at rest, s-UCP, Valsalva leak point pressure (cm H2O), and pressure transmission ratio (%). Results: Of the women, 358 (89.5%) were diagnosed with SUI. The risk of SUI significantly increased as s-UCP decreased (odds ratio [OR], 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.88-0.98). The discriminative value of the measure was good for the diagnosis of SUI (area under curve > 0.80). s-UCP values less than or equal to 20 cm H2O had a sensitivity of 73.1% and a specificity of 93.0% for predicting SUI. The association between s-UCP and SUI severity was also significant. Conclusions: s-UCP is the most discriminative measure that has been identified for the diagnosis of SUI. It is strongly inversely correlated with the severity of SUI. It appears to be a specific SUI biomarker reflecting both urethral sphincter competence and urethral support

How Satisfied Are Women 6 Months after a Pessary Fitting for Pelvic Organ Prolapse?

Background: The non-surgical solution for Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) typically consists of a pessary fitting. We aimed to assess patient satisfaction and symptom improvement 6 months after a pessary fitting and to identify risk factors associated with pessary failure. Methods: Six months after a pessary fitting, patient satisfaction was assessed by the PGII score; symptoms and quality of life were assessed using validated questionnaires (PFDI-20, ICIQ-SF, PISQ-12, USP, and PFIQ-7). Results: Of the 190 patients included in the study (mean age of 66.7 years), 141 (74%) and 113 (59%) completed the follow-up questionnaires at 1 and 6 months, respectively. Nearly all the women were menopausal (94.6%) and 45.2% declared being sexually active at inclusion. The satisfaction rate was 84.3% and 87.4% at 1 and 6 months, respectively. The global symptom score PFDI-20 had significantly improved at 6 months. A high body mass index (RR = 1.06, CI95%: [1.02–1.09]), as well as high PFDI-20 (1.05 [1.01–1.09]), PFIQ7 (1.04 [1.01, 1.08]), and PISQ12 scores at inclusion (0.75 [0.60, 0.93]), as well as higher GH and GH/TVL measurements (1.49 [1.25–1.78] and 1.39 [1.23–1.57], respectively) were associated with pessary failure. Conclusions: Pessary seems to be an effective treatment for POP with high patient satisfaction. Higher BMI, higher symptom scores, and greater genital hiatus measurements before insertion are risk factors for failure at 6 months

How Women Perceive Severity of Complications after Pelvic Floor Repair?

Background: The Clavien-Dindo classification, used to describe postoperative complications, does not take into account patient perception of severity. Our main objective was to assess women’s perception of postoperative pelvic floor repair complications and compare it to the classification of Clavien-Dindo. Methods: Women and surgeons participating in the VIGI-MESH registry concerning pelvic floor repair surgery were invited to quote their perception of complication severity through a survey based on 30 clinical vignettes. For each vignette, four grades of severity were proposed: “not serious”, “a little serious”, “serious”, “very serious”. Results: Among the 1146 registered women, we received 529 responses (46.2%) and 70 of the 141 surgeons (49.6%) returned a completed questionnaire. A total of 25 of the 30 vignettes were considered classifiable according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. The women’s classification was concordant with Clavien-Dindo for 52.0% (13/25) of the classifiable vignettes. The women’s and surgeons’ responses were discordant for 20 of the 30 clinical vignettes (66.7%). Loss of autonomy (self-catheterization, long-term medication use) or occurrence of sequelae (organ damage or severe persistent pain) were perceived by women as more serious than Clavien-Dindo classification or than surgeons’ perceptions. Conclusions: Women’s perception of pelvic floor repair surgery seems different from the Clavien-Dindo classification. Lack of repair and long-term disability seem to be two major factors in favor of perception of the surgical complication as serious

Utilisation du pessaire gynécologique en cas de prolapsus génital: une enquête auprès des internes

National audienceINTRODUCTION:  Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common condition responsible for symptoms that significantly affect the quality of life in women. Despite its effectiveness, low  cost and minor side effects, the pessary is little used in France. The objective of our study was to assess the knowledge, training and practices of residents regarding pessaries. MATERIAL AND METHODS:  This survey was conducted among residents in obstetrics gynecology, medical gynecology and urology in France between March and September 2020. RESULTS:  During the study period, 328 interns responded to the questionnaires. The majority of residents (52.1%) reported never having attended a consultation specializing in pelvicperineology. Only 31.7% felt comfortable having a pessary inserted. According to them, the pessary was indicated in 3 main situations: in case of contraindication to surgery (80%), while awaiting surgery (79%) and in women over 70 years old (62% ). The pessary could be offered to all women for only 46.9% of them. Almost 53% of residents reported ignoring the main complications of pessaries and 83.5% felt they needed further training on the subject. CONCLUSION:  Interns seem to be generally aware of the use of the pessary. Their knowledge of the indications, complications or even monitoring leads us to believe that it is essential to promote their training so that the pessary becomes an integral part of the first-line therapeutic arsenal in the event of POPs