Design of solar -powered grass trimmer

Common grass-cutter machines are operated by fuel and electrical energy, which are expensive, and need high maintenance. To keep environment clean and reduce use of fuel a solar powered grass trimmer has been designed in this research work. The purpose of this study is to design and fabricate a solar-powered grass trimmer which is affordable, easy to operate and environment friendly. The grass trimmer uses a 12V, - 100AH battery to power a 12V DC motor of 180W. A solar panel 1 000V system voltage is used to charge the battery. A solar charge controller of 20A is used to control the energy into the battery. The machine uses sheet metal blade to cut the grass. It can run for almost two hours when fully charged and there is no sun. It is easy to tell if the battery is fully charged or flat.Mechanical and Industrial Engineerin

Selection of a computerized maintenance management system for mechanical and industrial lab equipment of University of South Africa

The research on which this article is based, sought a suitable computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) for use in the Mechanical and Industrial Engineering laboratories and workshop at the University of South Africa. The university plans to implement such a computerized maintenance management system, to keep track of past repairs, schedule future maintenance, and maintain a ready list of vendors or sources of parts. Currently, the department does not have a maintenance strategy or equipment history. The price of a product is an important factor when selecting a CMMS program. The recommended software will not place to great a stress on the departmental budget, is user friendly and can be used by two to five users.Mechanical and Industrial Engineerin

Canalization and control in automata networks: body segmentation in Drosophila melanogaster

We present schema redescription as a methodology to characterize canalization in automata networks used to model biochemical regulation and signalling. In our formulation, canalization becomes synonymous with redundancy present in the logic of automata. This results in straightforward measures to quantify canalization in an automaton (micro-level), which is in turn integrated into a highly scalable framework to characterize the collective dynamics of large-scale automata networks (macro-level). This way, our approach provides a method to link micro- to macro-level dynamics -- a crux of complexity. Several new results ensue from this methodology: uncovering of dynamical modularity (modules in the dynamics rather than in the structure of networks), identification of minimal conditions and critical nodes to control the convergence to attractors, simulation of dynamical behaviour from incomplete information about initial conditions, and measures of macro-level canalization and robustness to perturbations. We exemplify our methodology with a well-known model of the intra- and inter cellular genetic regulation of body segmentation in Drosophila melanogaster. We use this model to show that our analysis does not contradict any previous findings. But we also obtain new knowledge about its behaviour: a better understanding of the size of its wild-type attractor basin (larger than previously thought), the identification of novel minimal conditions and critical nodes that control wild-type behaviour, and the resilience of these to stochastic interventions. Our methodology is applicable to any complex network that can be modelled using automata, but we focus on biochemical regulation and signalling, towards a better understanding of the (decentralized) control that orchestrates cellular activity -- with the ultimate goal of explaining how do cells and tissues 'compute'

Discovery of Very High Energy gamma - ray emission from the extreme BL Lac object H2356-309 with H.E.S.S

The understanding of acceleration mechanisms in active galactic nuclei (AGN) jets and the measurement of the extragalactic-background-light (EBL) density are closely linked and require the detection of a large sample of very-high-energy (VHE) emitting extragalactic objects at varying redshifts. We report here on the discovery with the H.E.S.S. (High Energy Stereoscopic System) atmospheric-Cherenkov telescopes of the VHE Gamma-ray emission from H2356 - 309, an extreme BL Lac object located at a redshift of 0.165. The observations of this object, which was previously proposed as a southern-hemisphere VHE candidate source, were performed between June and December 2004. The total exposure is 38.9 hours live time, after data quality selection, which yields the detection of a signal at the level of 9.0$\sigma$ (standard deviations) .Comment: To appear on proceeding of 29th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2005

Rumusan Karakter Kerja Keras Dan Mandiri (Analisis Isi Video Kick Andy Episode Anak-Anak Pejuang Untuk Mendapatkan Pendidikan Yang Layak Guna Pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila Dan Kewarganegaraan)

This research is to describe the formula of hard work and independent character on the analysis of Kick Andy video, episode of anak-anakpejuang to acquire a better education for civic education learning. Data collection technique used in this research is documentation method and library study. This research is using content analysis method to understand the formula of hard work and independent character on the analysis of Kick Andy video. This is based on the content analysis data by drawing conclusion of a sign that describes message of hard work and independent character for civic education learning. This research can be concluded that in the Kick Andy video shows the struggle of children of the nation to acquire better education. Formula of hard work and independent character is narrated on the story of Papua, East Nusa Tenggara, and a girl who have to work hard so that she was able to continue her study into college. They struggle to achieve their dreams to meet success. In Kick Andy video it is expected that students will be motivated with the struggle of children of the nation for better education. Kick Andy video is not only can be used as civic education learning but also can be used as teachers’ reference as hard work and independent formula on this content analysis in Kick Andy video episode of anak-anakpejuang to achieve a better education for civic education learning. Keywords: hard work character, independent character, analysis of Kick Andy video

Atelier da rua: A participated street design process

Streets are key elements on the city urban structure. Despite the importance of this structural and living urban element, the contemporary Portuguese situation is characterized by the lack of investment in the realization, use and maintenance of many streets. Moreover it is noted the local authorities difficulties to deal with citizens everyday life problems within the street and to approach diffuse and weakened civic structures. These are some of the problems encountered in small and local scale architectural projects of the public space of the streets in Portugal. Participated project processes tackle these issues through the understanding of the existing problems and promoting new processes to face them. This paper is done in the scope of the research of Atelier da Rua (Street Atelier) that is developed to meet contemporary needs of intervention in the street public space. The methodological hypothesis is to use the strategy of Atelier da Rua, a citizen participative process applied to propose effective design projects in order to improve community living and physical spaces. This paper aims to explore the combination of street intervention methodology of Atelier da Rua (Pita, 2014 b) and the values presented in the text A ladder of citizen participation written by Sherry Arnstein (1969), focusing in the particular issue of achieving “partnership” on the Atelier da Rua investigation and practice.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio