On the Infrared Limit of Two Dimensional QCD

We study the infrared limit of two dimensional QCD, with massless dynamical Dirac fermions that are in the fundamental representation of the gauge group. We find that the theory reduces to a spin generalization of the Calogero model with an additional magnetic coupling which is of the Pauli type.Comment: 9 pages, UU-ITP 29/93, HU-TFT-93-6

Comparison of multi-cell multi-antenna CDMA and TDMA systems

We evaluate system capacities for multicellular systems with different multiple access strategies. The interference from another cell sharing the same frequency is calculated, and the total interference arising from the frequency reuse pattern is evaluated. A simple analytical model for the inter-cell interference is developed, which is in good agreement with numerical experiments. Irrespective of the multiple access strategy, capacity becomes interference limited. When comparing TDMA and CDMA in the uplink, there is a crossover in capacity. At low SNR CDMA is preferable, at high SNR TDMA performs better

Topological Sigma-model, Hamiltonian Dynamics and Loop Space Lefschetz Number

We use path integral methods and topological quantum field theory techniques to investigate a generic classical Hamiltonian system. In particular, we show that Floer's instanton equation is related to a functional Euler character in the quantum cohomology defined by the topological nonlinear $\sigma$--model. This relation is an infinite dimensional analog of the relation between Poincar\'e--Hopf and Gauss--Bonnet--Chern formul\ae$~$ in classical Morse theory, and can also be viewed as a loop space generalization of the Lefschetz fixed point theorem. By applying localization techniques to path integrals we then show that for a K\"ahler manifold our functional Euler character coincides with the Euler character determined by the finite dimensional de Rham cohomology of the phase space. Our results are consistent with the Arnold conjecture which estimates periodic solutions to classical Hamilton's equations in terms of de Rham cohomology of the phase space.Comment: 10 pages, LaTEX. New title and some modifications in the text. Version to appear in Phys. Lett.

Symmetries and Observables for BF-theories in Superspace

The supersymmetric version of a topological quantum field theory describing flat connections, the super BF-theory, is studied in the superspace formalism. A set of observables related to topological invariants is derived from the curvature of the superspace. Analogously to the non-supersymmetric versions, the theory exhibits a vector-like supersymmetry. The role of the vector supersymmetry and an additional new symmetry of the action in the construction of observables is explained.Comment: 11 pages, LaTe

Detection of microsatellite instability with Idylla MSI assay in colorectal and endometrial cancer

Universal testing of microsatellite instability (MSI) is recommended for colorectal cancer (CRC) and endometrial cancer (EC) to screen for Lynch syndrome and to aid in assessing prognosis and optimal treatment. We compared the performance of Idylla MSI test to immunohistochemistry (IHC) of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins in consecutive series of 100 CRC and 108 EC samples, as well as in retrospective series of 28 CRC and 33 EC specimens with known deficient MMR protein expression. The concordance between the Idylla test and IHC was 100% in all CRC samples (n=128) but lower in EC samples (87.2%; n=141). In the EC samples, sensitivity of Idylla test was 72.7% and specificity 100%. EC MSI/dMMR agreement was 85.4% for MLH1, 87.5% for MSH2, and only 35.3% for MSH6. When we analyzed 14 EC samples that were discrepant, i.e., dMMR using IHC and microsatellite stable using Idylla, with microsatellite markers BAT25 and BAT26, we found four cases to be replication error (RER) positive. All RER positive cases were deficient for MSH6 protein expression. We also re-analyzed EC samples with variable tumor cellularity to determine the limit of detection of the Idylla test and found that a 30% or higher tumor cellularity is required. We conclude that Idylla MSI test offers a sensitive and specific method for CRC diagnostics but is less sensitive in EC samples especially in the case of MSH6 deficiency.Peer reviewe

Comparison of the Growth and Thermal Properties of Nonwoven Polymers after Atomic Layer Deposition and Vapor Phase Infiltration

The growth mechanism of Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) on polymeric surfaces differs from growth on inorganic solid substrates, such as silicon wafer or glass. In this paper, we report the growth experiments of Al2O3 and ZnO on nonwoven poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), polyethersulphone (PES) and cellulose acetate (CA) fibres. Material growth in both ALD and infiltration mode was studied. The structures were examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), attenuated total reflectance-fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Furthermore, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis were used to explore the effect of ALD deposition on the thermal properties of the CA polymer. According to the SEM, STEM and ATR-FTIR analysis, the growth of Al2O3 was more uniform than ZnO on each of the polymers studied. In addition, according to ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, the infiltration resulted in interactions between the polymers and the ALD precursors. Thermal analysis (TGA/DSC) revealed a slower depolymerization process and better thermal resistance upon heating both in ALD-coated and infiltrated fibres, more pronounced on the latter type of structures, as seen from smaller endothermic peaks on TA

Comparison of the Growth and Thermal Properties of Nonwoven Polymers after Atomic Layer Deposition and Vapor Phase Infiltration

The growth mechanism of Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) on polymeric surfaces differs from growth on inorganic solid substrates, such as silicon wafer or glass. In this paper, we report the growth experiments of Al2O3 and ZnO on nonwoven poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), polyethersulphone (PES) and cellulose acetate (CA) fibres. Material growth in both ALD and infiltration mode was studied. The structures were examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), attenuated total reflectance-fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Furthermore, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis were used to explore the effect of ALD deposition on the thermal properties of the CA polymer. According to the SEM, STEM and ATR-FTIR analysis, the growth of Al2O3 was more uniform than ZnO on each of the polymers studied. In addition, according to ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, the infiltration resulted in interactions between the polymers and the ALD precursors. Thermal analysis (TGA/DSC) revealed a slower depolymerization process and better thermal resistance upon heating both in ALD-coated and infiltrated fibres, more pronounced on the latter type of structures, as seen from smaller endothermic peaks on TA

Huumeita suonensisäisesti käyttävien terveysneuvontapisteen asiakkaiden muutosvalmius ja siihen vaikuttavat tekijät

Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan suonensisäisesti huumeita käyttävien muutosvalmiutta ja siihen liittyviä tekijöitä. Muutosvalmiudella tarkoitetaan itse ilmaistua halua ja valmiutta muuttaa huumeidenkäyttöä, toimia muutokseen eteen ja ottaa vastaan ammattiapua. Aineisto (N=99) on kerätty Kuopiossa sijaitsevassa huumeita suonensisäisesti käyttäville tarkoitetussa Terveysneuvontapiste Portissa. Muutosvalmiutta arvioitiin tätä tutkimusten varten laaditulla mittarilla, joka perustuu muutosmotivaatiota mittaavan DUDIT-E-mittarin muutosvalmiuden itsearviointiosioon. Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan myös vastaajien elämäntyytyväisyyttä, jota arvioitiin tutkimusta varten muodostetulla elämäntyytyväisyyden summamuuttujalla. Tutkimuksessa verrattiin matalan ja korkean muutosvalmiuden ryhmiä. Tutkimukseen osallistuneiden terveysneuvontapiste Portin asiakkaiden muutosvalmius on korkealla tasolla ja suurin osa vastaajista toivoi huumeiden käyttöönsä muutosta. Muutosvalmiutta ennustivat huumeiden käytön koettu haitallisuus, myönteinen suhtautuminen ammattiapuun sekä työssä käyminen, työkokeilu tai opiskelu. Uskonnollisten yhteisöjen toimintaan osallistuminen oli myös yhteydessä korkeampaan muutosvalmiuteen. Jos potilaan muutosvalmius ja muutosta edistävät tekijät ja niiden merkitys pystyttäisiin tunnistamaan paremmin, Portin tavoin toimivat matalan kynnyksen pisteet voisivat kohdentaa tarkemmin yksilöityä neuvontaa ja ohjausta huumeita suonensisäisesti käyttäville henkilöille