Back Again?!

This work is financed by national funds through FCT - Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., within the scope of the project «UIDB / 04647/2020» of CICS.NOVA - Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais da Universidade Nova de Lisboa.Unexpectedly, over 30 years after the removal of border controls between Portugal and Spain as a result of their joint adhesion to the European Union, border restrictions were reinstated as a preventive measure to contain the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). This paper discusses what has changed in the Portuguese–Spanish border as a consequence of the COVID-19 outbreak.publishersversionpublishe

Labour mobility in the Euroregion Galicia-Norte de Portugal: constraints faced by cross-border commuters

Removing barriers to labour mobility is expected to contribute to processes of spatial integration in cross-border regions, by an efficient allocation of labour and consequently a convergence between territories separated by a common border. Nevertheless, despite the de-bordering process within the European Union, administrative, legal and language barriers still hamper cross-border labour mobility preventing the process of labour market integration. The aim of this paper is to identify obstacles to the mobility of cross-border workers commuting within the Euroregion Galicia-Norte de Portugal. Methodology combines the analysis of official data on labour mobility, with qualitative data gathered from interviews with cross-border commuters aiming to contribute to explain the different attitudes towards cross-border mobility inside this Euroregion. While traditional push and pull factors remain relevant to explain cross-border labour flows, the qualitative information adds new insights into different levels of indifference of cross-border workers. The result is a fragmented labour market were Norte de Portugal is providing low qualified-low wage labour while Galicia is contributing with well-paid and qualified labour.This work was supported by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programe Competitiveness and Internationalization (POCI) and national funds by FCT under the POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006891 project [grant number FCT Ref: UID/GEO04084/2013]

North Of Portugal-Galicia Automotive Industry Network: Laying Out The Links of an Emerging Cross-Border Cluster

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The mediterranean diet and the increasing demand of the olive oil sector: shifts and environmental consequences

Mediterranean countries play a crucial role as olive oil producers and consumers compared to other world regions. This work focusses on the development of the world production, trade and consumption where the Mediterranean region stands out from the rest of the world, in particular, the Northern Mediterranean countries. Aspects such as how communication emphasizes the benefits of the Mediterranean diet -which is a distinctive characteristic of the Mediterranean culture and identity- the Slow Food Movement, the International Olive Council campaigns, and the successive Common Agricultural Policies, that have triggered production, trade and consumption around the world, are here discussed. Such increases and stimuli brought and is still bringing changes to the olive oil sector such as a shifting tendency in production modes as well as modernization of the sector, responding to the increasing demand. These shifts and demand are changing landscapes and are being referred as environmentally harmful to the ecosystems as the production of olive oil is shifting to more intensive production systems and monoculture plantations. These issues are here debated and illustrated with case study examples, referring to the Mediterranean countries, particularly, referring to the Iberian Peninsula

The Health-Enabling Capacities of Nature Contact

UID/SOC/04647/2019 2016-1-CZ01-KA204-024071 (Projecto With nature to mutual understanding)We live in a world where new information and knowledge technologies and increased mobility simplify everyday life. However, at the same time, contact with the natural environment is shrinking. More than half of the world's population lives in urban areas with high population densities and, in many cases, with a little or no access to the quality green spaces. One of the consequences is that there is an increasing disconnection from nature and its sensory stimuli while the noise, air and visual pollution negatively affects the health and reduces the quality of life in urban areas. The "healing" capacity of nature is being increasingly discussed as well as the need of reconnection with it and its therapeutic, spiritual and psychological benefits. The garden therapy defined as a treatment and relaxation through contact with nature is attracting more and more attention, both, from academic field as well as from practitioners of different areas. Among others, a social care and health care, particularly in the case of the children with autism, hyperactivity, with lack of relational capital, psychiatrists (in the case of dementia) but also an architectural landscaping (Which characteristics must the gardens have to fulfill these benefits?). An interdisciplinary approach is needed in order to discuss concepts, benefits, potentialities and ways to implement these therapies. We will be presenting the results of a research project - With Nature to Mutual Understanding - developed by a consortium of seven European countries, on the potentialities of garden therapies to develop communication, social and entrepreneurial skills of the target groups (e.g. minorities, people with learning disabilities and physical and mental health problems, migrants and refugees).publishersversionpublishe

Food waste perception of workplace canteen users — a case study

Background: Food waste occurs in all stages of the food supply chain, namely in the food service sector. Understanding how much and why food is wasted and whether consumers are aware of it is essential to design effective interventions in this setting. This case study aims to compare the food waste perception by consumers and measure plate waste in a Portuguese workplace canteen in order to recognize if trained consumers can estimate his/her food waste. Methods: Data were collected from 160 users randomly selected attending a workplace canteen during one month. Plate waste was evaluated by the weighing method. Visual estimation was performed by each participant to evaluate food waste perception at the end of the meal. Consumers were also asked about reasons for wasting food. Results: Plate waste was 8.4% for soup, 9.0% for the main course, and 4.0% for dessert. These values follow the same trend of waste perceived by consumers for soup (R = 0.722; p < 0.001), main course (R = 0.674; p < 0.001), and dessert (R = 0.639; p < 0.001), showing a high relation between self-assessment and measured plate waste. Excessive portions (46.1%), dislike of meal flavor (18.6%), cooking method (8.8%), and texture (3.9%) were identified as the main causes for plate waste. Conclusions: Canteen users showed an accurate perception of their plate waste for all meal components. Excessive portions were identified by consumers as the main reason for plate waste.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O PNPOT e os processos de cooperação territorial em Portugal

UID/SOC/04647/2019Territorial cooperation has received increased attention and inclusion in instruments of territorial management. This is one of the responses to the “territorial turn” provoked by the new territorial dynamics in the ‘liquid modernity’ of our globalised world, and therefore occupies a greater part within planning processes and policy decision. The version 2 of PNPOT, launched in 2018, reflects this increase, and proposes Territorial Governance as a specific Intervention Domains, as well as demonstrating an increased concern with cohesion and territorial cooperation processes, which are promoted by European Community frameworks. Therefore, it is important to consider the relation between privileged territorial governance and planned territorial cooperation, as well as understanding under what perspective territorial cooperation is being considered. Based on Farinós et al, we consider three possible perspectives of territorial cooperation: cooperation as culture – a “form of relationship”; cooperation networks that promote a balanced territorial development; cooperation as a bridge, facilitating joint initiatives between actors. These three perspectives constitute our analysis grid to consider the PNPOT and territorial cooperation processespublishersversionpublishe

Dinâmicas territoriais de evolução do emprego em Portugal (1985-2005).

Decorridas que estão duas décadas do momento da adesão de Portugal à União Europeia e, por conseguinte, do lançamento do desafio da convergência de Portugal aos níveis médios de desenvolvimento europeu, importa avaliar as mudanças estruturais registadas ao longo deste período, especialmente ao nível do processo de reestruturação e modernização do sistema produtivo nacional. Com esta comunicação far-se-á uma análise do sentido de evolução do modelo económico português, a partir de meados da década de 1980, com o objectivo de conhecer como a estrutura empresarial nacional se tem reajustado face aos desafios do processo de globalização económica e de acréscimo da concorrência internacional que resulta da liberalização dos fluxos financeiros e de comércio. Tirando partido da base de dados do MTSS, que fornece informação sobre emprego e empresas ao nível do concelho, o nosso objectivo é tentar perceber como evoluiu a estrutura da população activa e a relação entre os três principais sectores de actividade bem como quais foram as dinâmicas territoriais associadas a este processo de adaptação. Os aspectos mais salientes destas duas primeiras décadas de integração europeia foram, por um lado, o processo de desindustrialização, traduzido no recuar da fronteira da área de especialização industrial que ficou mais confinada a concelhos do litoral Norte e Centro, e, por outro lado, a afirmação do sector terciário na estrutura do emprego. Contudo este processo de terciarização, transversal ao território nacional, caracteriza-se por uma clara diferenciação interna, pois tendo sido o terciário menos qualificado, nomeadamente o comércio, a actividade que mais cresceu em termos de empresas e que emprega mais trabalhadores, foram os serviços às empresas as actividades terciárias que mais novos empregos geraram no período em análise.Two decades after Portuguese EU accession its time to evaluate the main structural changes that occurred during this period. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the Portuguese economy has evolved since the mid 80’s in order to understand how its corporate structure is readjusting to meet the challenges of economic globalization and increased competition that comes from trade and financial liberalization. Taking advantage of the MTSS database, which displays information on employment and firms by municipality, our aim is to analyze how changed the structure of the active population and the relationship between the three main activity sectors (agriculture, manufacturing and services) and the corresponding territorial dynamics associated with this adjustment process. The most striking features of these first two decades of European integration were on the one hand, the process of deindustrialization, observed in the declining number of municipalities specialised in manufacturing activities, that has become confined to North and Central coast, and, secondly, the affirmation of the tertiary sector in the structure of employment. However this process of tertiarization is characterized by a clear internal differentiation. The less qualified tertiary activities, particularly retail trade, were the ones that grew most in terms of enterprises, while business activities were the ones that have been creating more jobs during this period

Benefícios da atividade física de exploração da natureza para a coesão familiar: protocolo de ação

En el siglo XXI, diversos factores socioeconómicos dan lugar a una disminución de la actividad física (TV, Internet, etc.). Se estima que el 50% de la población de la Unión Europea (UE) tiene sobrepeso u obesidad debido a una dieta inadecuada y sedentaria, que hacen disparar la aparición de enfermedades crónicas (cardiovasculares, músculo-esqueléticas, psicológicas, diabetes tipo 2, cáncer, etc.) y una consiguiente amenaza para la sostenibilidad de los sistemas de salud y seguridad social. La degradación de la salud en los países desarrollados, derivada de los estilos de vida actuales, presenta también cambios en el modelo de convivencia familiar (familias menos numerosas y monoparentales con crecimientos en el orden del 36%). Las familias tienen que lidiar con la escasez de tiempo, la competitividad feroz en el trabajo, el estrés diario y los peligros en que los elementos más jóvenes del hogar incurren (consumo de sustancias ilícitas, disturbios alimentarios, depresión, suicidio y aislamiento social) por el uso de las nuevas tecnologías. "Actualmente, según las economías crecen las personas dejan de moverse. Resulta urgente presentar una estructura para la acción, para que los interesados reviertan su situación, para combatir los impactos de esta epidemia de inactividad física, construyendo acciones preventivas e innovadoras, con impacto positivo en el desarrollo humano ". Objetivo: Se pretende a través de la oferta de actividad física y deportiva (AFD) planteada para familias, promover además de la salud y estilos de vida saludables y resilientes, la cohesión familiar. Dar respuesta científica a las preocupaciones de la UE, interviniendo como medida de aplicación de políticas públicas consideradas prioritarias, de promoción de la AF y estilos de vida saludables y resilientes, para asegurar un alto nivel de protección de la salud, con repercusión en la disminución de los costos de las enfermedades y sus consecuencias.In the 21st century, some socioeconomic factors lead to a decrease in physical activity (TV, Internet, etc.). It is estimated that 50% of the population of the European Union (EU) is overweight or obese due to an inadequate diet and sedentary, which trigger the emergence of chronic diseases (cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, psychological, type 2 diabetes, cancer, etc.) and a consequent threat to the sustainability of the health and social care systems. The degradation of health in developed countries, derived from current lifestyles, also presents changes in the model of family coexistence (less numerous and single-parent families with growth in the order of 36%). Families have to deal with the shortage of time, fierce competitiveness at work, daily stress and the dangers that the youngest members of the household incur (consumption of illicit substances, food riots, depression, suicide and social isolation) by the use of new technologies. "Currently, as economies grow, people stop moving, it is urgent to present a structure for action, so that the stakeholders can revert their situation, to fight against the impacts of this epidemic of physical inactivity, building preventive and innovative actions, with a positive impact in human development. " Objective: It is searched through the offer of physical activity and sports (FAS) addressed to families, promote in addition to health and healthy and resilient lifestyles, family cohesion. Giving scientific answer to EU concerns, intervening as a measure of implementation of public policies considered priority, promoting FA and healthy and resilient lifestyles, to ensure a high level of health protection, with an impact on the decrease of the costs of diseases and their consequences.No século XXI, fatores socioeconómicos dão origem a uma diminuição da atividade física (AF) (TV, internet, etc.). Estima-se que 50% da população da União Europeia (EU) tem excesso de peso ou obesidade devido a uma dieta inadequada e sedentarismo, que fazem disparar a ocorrência de doenças crónicas (cardiovasculares, músculo esqueléticas, psicológicas, diabetes tipo 2, cancro, etc.) e uma consequente ameaça para a sustentabilidade dos sistemas de saúde e segurança social. A degradação da saúde nos países desenvolvidos, derivada dos estilos de vida atuais, apresenta também alterações no modelo de vivência familiar (famílias menos numerosas e monoparentais com crescimentos na ordem dos 36%). As famílias têm ainda que lidar com a escassez de tempo, a competitividade feroz no trabalho, o stress diário e os perigos em que os elementos mais jovens do agregado familiar incorrem (consumo substâncias ilícitas, distúrbios alimentares, depressão, suicídio e isolamento social) decorrentes do uso das novas tecnologias. “Atualmente, conforme as economias crescem as pessoas param de se movimentar. É urgente, apresentar uma estrutura para a ação, para que os stakeholders, revertam a situação de modo a combater os impactos desta epidemia de inatividade física, construindo ações preventivas e inovadoras, com impacto positivo no desenvolvimento humano”. Objetivo: Pretende-se através da oferta de actividade física e desportiva (AFD) planeada para famílias, promover além da saúde e estilos de vida saudáveis e resilientes, a coesão familiar. Dar resposta científica às preocupações da UE, intervindo como medida de implementação de políticas publicas consideradas prioritárias, de promoção da AF e estilos de vida saudáveis e resilientes, para assegurar um alto nível de proteção da saúde, com repercussão na diminuição dos custos com as doenças e suas consequências.peerReviewe

Comparison of non-criteria antiphospholipid syndrome with definite antiphospholipid syndrome: A systematic review

Objectives: Patients with laboratory or clinical manifestations suggestive of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) but not fulfilling the classification criteria constitute a clinical challenge. This study aims to compare non-criteria APS (NC-APS) with definite APS in terms of clinical manifestations, therapies, and outcomes. Methods: A systematic review of observational studies comparing definite and NC-APS was performed searching four electronic databases. Data on clinical manifestations, therapies and clinical outcomes was extracted. Results: Sixteen studies, assessing a total of 3,798 participants, were included. Seven out of 10 studies found no significant difference in the prevalence of arterial or venous thrombosis between definite and NC-APS, with two studies on seronegative APS also finding no difference in thrombosis recurrence. Seven out of 12 studies found no significant difference in the prevalence of obstetric manifestations between groups, with the remaining exhibiting conflicting results. In 9 studies comparing treatment frequency in obstetric patients, all but one described similar treatment frequency, with the percentage of NC-APS treated during pregnancy ranging from 26% to 100%. In 10 studies comparing pregnancy outcomes of NC-APS versus definite APS, 7 found similar successful pregnancies/live births. Additionally, 5 studies described improvement of live births in both groups with treatment, with three signalling aspirin monotherapy as efficacious as combination therapy in NC-APS. Conclusion: This review hints at an absence of marked differences in most evaluated parameters between definite and NC-APS, emphasizing the value of a more active follow-up of these patients. The low-quality available evidence highlights the need for well-defined NC-APS populations in future studies