Robo agravado analizado en el expediente N° 00357-2016

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Desarrollo de una presentación interactiva y multimedia orientada a la docencia del análisis cinemático del Movimiento Armónico Simple

Nowadays, computers suppose a great potential as complementary didactic tool to traditional means of education. For that reason, the advantage of this potential is considered by the work group, creating interactive and multimedia presentations oriented to facilitate teaching of different physics fields. In particular, the objective of this work is the design of a presentation oriented to teaching kinematical aspects of the simple harmonic movement. Given the dynamic nature of the subject, it is evident the adventages that suppose an animated presentation which it helps the student to understand the kinematical magnitudes. This tool will be very useful to the professor as complement of theoretical classes, and available to the students in the reinforcement of the knowledge.Es evidente el gran potencial que el ordenador supone como herramienta didáctica complementaria a los medios de enseñanza tradicionales. Es por ello que el grupo de trabajo se plantea el aprovechamiento de este potencial, creando presentaciones interactivas y multimedia orientadas a la docencia en los distintos campos de la física.En concreto, en este trabajo se plantea el diseño de una presentación orientada a la docencia de los aspectos cinemáticas del movimiento armónico simple. Dada la naturaleza dinámica del tema en cuestión, es evidente las ventajas que supone disponer de una presentación animada del mismo que ayude al alumno a entender la magnitudes cinemáticas implicadas, herramientas de gran utilidad para el profesor como complemento de sus clases teóricas, y disponible para alumnos de ayuda en el afianzamiento de los conocimientos

Niñez e interpretación ambiental en el proyecto jardín botánico de la Universidad del Cauca Álvaro José Negret (UCAJN)

La evaluación cualitativa mediante la técnica de mapas conceptuales, realizada en el espacio Jardín Botánico-UCAJN con un grupo de niños de cuarto y quinto grado de las instituciones educativas: Comercial del Norte Francisco José Chaux Ferrer (CNFJCF) de la vereda La Rejoya y Rafael Pombo (RP) de la ciudad de Popayán a través de tres fases consecutivas (exploración, validación y aplicación), permitió evidenciar un aprendizaje significativo ascendente, reflejado en la asimilación progresiva de conceptos, tanto en la estructuración de los mapas conceptuales como en la adquisición de valores ético-ambientales (estético, ecológico, económico, humanístico, moral, recreativo y científico) hacia el entorno. A lo largo de la investigación, esta progresión condujo a estructurar una charla modelo de interpretación ambiental para niños en edad escolar y a soportar posteriormente el plan de interpretación ambiental para el proyecto de Jardín Botánico-UCAJN. ABSTRACTThe qualitative evaluation by means of the conceptual maps technique carried out in the UCAJN botanical garden space with a group of fourth and fifth grade children from the educational institutions North Commercial Chaux Francisco José Ferrer (CNFJCF) of La Rejoya and Rafael Pombo (RP) in the city of Popayán through three consecutive phases (exploration, validation and  mplementation), allowed to demonstrate an increasingly significant learning process reflected in the gradual assimilation of concepts, both in the structure of conceptual maps and the acquisition of ethical and environmental values (aesthetic, ecological, economic, humanistic, moral, recreational, and scientific) towards the environment. Throughout the investigation, this progression led to the structure of an environmental interpretation talk model for school children and then to support the environmental interpretation plan for the UCAJN Botanical Garden project. La evaluación cualitativa mediante la técnica de mapas conceptuales, realizada en el espacio Jardín Botánico-UCAJN con un grupo de niños de cuarto y quinto grado de las instituciones educativas: Comercial del Norte Francisco José Chaux Ferrer (CNFJCF) de la vereda La Rejoya y Rafael Pombo (RP) de la ciudad de Popayán a través de tres fases consecutivas (exploración, validación y aplicación), permitió evidenciar un aprendizaje significativo ascendente, reflejado en la asimilación progresiva de conceptos, tanto en la estructuración de los mapas conceptuales como en la adquisición de valores ético-ambientales (estético, ecológico, económico, humanístico, moral, recreativo y científico) hacia el entorno. A lo largo de la investigación, esta progresión condujo a estructurar una charla modelo de interpretación ambiental para niños en edad escolar y a soportar posteriormente el plan de interpretación ambiental para el proyecto de Jardín Botánico-UCAJN. ABSTRACTThe qualitative evaluation by means of the conceptual maps technique carried out in the UCAJN botanical garden space with a group of fourth and fifth grade children from the educational institutions North Commercial Chaux Francisco José Ferrer (CNFJCF) of La Rejoya and Rafael Pombo (RP) in the city of Popayán through three consecutive phases (exploration, validation and  mplementation), allowed to demonstrate an increasingly significant learning process reflected in the gradual assimilation of concepts, both in the structure of conceptual maps and the acquisition of ethical and environmental values (aesthetic, ecological, economic, humanistic, moral, recreational, and scientific) towards the environment. Throughout the investigation, this progression led to the structure of an environmental interpretation talk model for school children and then to support the environmental interpretation plan for the UCAJN Botanical Garden project.

Efecto del lactosuero fresco y enriquecido sobre la ganancia de peso y fermentación ruminal en becerras Jersey criadas artificialmente

In artificial calf rearing it is necessary to replace milk to reduce feed costs. Therefore, the objective of the work was to evaluate the use of fresh and enriched whey as a substitute for whole milk in the artificial rearing system of Jersey calves. Twenty-four calves weighing 31 ± 2.8 kg were used, divided into three treatments: T1) whole milk + concentrate + grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis), T2) enriched fresh whey + concentrate + grass and T3) fresh whey + concentrate + grass. Daily weight gain, concentrate consumption, ruminal fermentation parameters and in vitro degradation of the pasture were evaluated. A completely randomized design was used. Weight gain was similar for T1 and T2 (0.840 and 0.780 kg; P<0.05). While the consumption of concentrate was similar for all treatments. The maximum volume (Vm: T1: 174.36, T2: 196.30 and T3: 200.46 mL / g of MS; P>0.05) and lag phase (L: T1: 1.36; T2: 1.22 and T3: 0.68 h; P>0.05) of the pasture was similar between the evaluated treatments. At 30 days, the greatest degradation was found in T1. However, at 90 days no differences were found. It is concluded that the use of enriched fresh whey is viable to replace milk in artificial rearing of Jersey calves.En la crianza artificial de becerras es necesario reemplazar la leche para disminuir los costos de alimentación. Por ello, el objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el uso de lactosuero fresco y enriquecido como sustituto de la leche entera en el sistema de crianza artificial de becerras Jersey. Se utilizaron 24 becerras de 31 ± 2,8 kg de peso, repartidas en tres tratamientos: T1) leche entera + concentrado + pasto (Cynodon nlemfuensis), T2) lactosuero fresco enriquecido + concentrado + pasto y T3) lactosuero fresco + concentrado + pasto. Se evaluó ganancia diaria de peso, consumo de concentrado, parámetros de fermentación ruminal y degradación in vitro del pasto. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar. La ganancia de peso fue similar para T1 y T2 (0,840 kg y 0,780 kg; p < 0,05), mientras que el consumo de concentrado fue similar para todos los tratamientos. El volumen máximo (VM: T1: 174,36 mL/g de MS, T2: 196,30 mL/g de MS y T3: 200,46 mL/g de MS; p > 0,05) y fase lag (L: T1: 1,36 h; T2: 1,22 h y T3: 0,68 h; p > 0,05) del pasto fue similar entre los tratamientos evaluados. A los 30 días, la mayor degradación se encontró en T1; sin embargo, a los 90 días no se encontraron diferencias. Se concluye que el uso del lactosuero fresco enriquecido es viable para reemplazar la leche en la crianza artificial de becerras Jersey

Maize stover in the relationship of maize-growing and cattle raising in the dry tropics of Chiapas, Mexico

An approximation study was conducted using a socio-agricultural approach to determine the current status of maize stover production and use in the Frailesca region of Chiapas. Field work conducted in 2012 consisted of semi-structured interviews to gather information from all stakeholders involved in the maize livestock farming relationship. Three classes of maize-livestock farmers by scale were identified in the region depending on the criteria of crop surface and maize yield. All three classes of farmers were found to be energy efficient, with balances above 9 Mcal produced per Mcal consumed. The primary form of using maize stover at all stages of cattle raising except fattening was direct grazing, due to low yields that make mechanical operations hardly feasible.An approximation study was conducted using a socio-agricultural approach to determine the current status of maize stover production and use in the Frailesca region of Chiapas. Field work conducted in 2012 consisted of semi-structured interviews to gather information from all stakeholders involved in the maizelivestock farming relationship. Three classes of maize-livestock farmers by scale were identified in the region depending on the criteria of crop surface and maize yield. All three classes of farmers were found to be energy efficient, with balances above 9 Mcal produced per Mcal consumed. The primary form of using maize stover at all stages of cattle raising except fattending was direct grazing, due to low yields that make mechanical operations hardly feasible

Percepción de riesgos y consumo de drogas en estudiantes universitarios de enfermería, Arequipa, Perú

O objetivo do presente estudo foi ter uma primeira aproximação sobre a prevalência de vida, informação, percepções e comportamentos de risco em relação ao consumo de drogas lícitas, ilícitas e médicas, segundo o sexo, em estudantes de enfermagem. Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo exploratório e de corte transversal, tipo censo. Um questionário padronizado de 241 itens foi aplicado previamente a 86 estudantes do terceiro ano de enfermagem de uma universidade privada de Arequipa Metropolitana. Elevada prevalência de vida para o consumo de substâncias lícitas em bebidas alcoólicas 84,4% e 62,8% foi encontrada em rapé, e qualquer droga 31,4%, entre os quais marijuana (17,1%) e cocaína (4,6%), com diferenças de consumo em favor dos homens, enquanto em medicamentos mais vulgarmente utilizados substância corresponde a tranquilizantes (19,8%), com diferenças de consumo em favor das mulheres. Além disso, na faculdade mais de 93% dos alunos receberam informações para prevenir o uso de drogas e 34,8% relataram ter tido relações sexuais uma a várias vezes sob a influência de álcool e drogas ilícitas. Conclui-se que os resultados mostram a magnitude da problemática social do consumo de drogas lícitas, ilícitas e médicas entre os universitários; Além disso, há necessidade de desenvolver estratégias de promoção da saúde e prevenção do uso de substâncias psicoativas na carreira de enfermagem para reduzir e prevenir que a prevalência do consumo aumente nos futuros profissionais promovendo estilos de vida saudáveis, a fim de garantir uma melhor qualidade de vida na população.El objetivo del presente estudio fue tener una primera aproximación sobre la prevalencia de vida, información, percepciones, y comportamientos de riesgo respecto del consumo de drogas lícitas, ilícitas y médicas, según sexo, en estudiantes de enfermería.  Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo exploratorio y corte transversal, tipo censo.  Se aplicó un cuestionario estandarizado de 241 ítems y previamente aplicado a 86 estudiantes del tercer año de enfermería de una universidad particular de Arequipa Metropolitana.  Se encontró altas prevalencias de vida para el consumo de sustancias lícitas, 84,4% en bebidas alcohólicas y 62,8% en tabaco, y para cualquier droga ilícita 31,4%, entre las que destacan la marihuana (17,1%) y cocaína (4,6%), con diferencias de consumo a favor de los hombres, mientras que en las drogas médicas la sustancia más usada corresponde a tranquilizantes (19,8%), con diferencias de consumo a favor de las mujeres.  Asimismo, en la universidad más del 93% de los estudiantes recibió información para prevenir el uso de drogas, y el 34,8% declaró haber tenido relaciones sexuales entre una y varias veces  bajo los efectos del alcohol y drogas ilícitas. Se concluye que, los resultados evidencian la magnitud de la problemática social del consumo de drogas lícitas, ilícitas y médicas, entre los estudiantes universitarios; además, hay necesidad de desarrollar en la carrera de enfermería estrategias de promoción de la salud y prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas para reducir y evitar que las prevalencias del consumo se incrementen entre los futuros profesionales promotores de estilos de vida saludables, para garantizar una mejor calidad de vida en la población.  The objective of the present study was to have a first approximation about the prevalence of life, information, perceptions, and risk behaviors regarding the consumption of licit, illicit and medical drugs, according to sex, in nursing students. A quantitative, exploratory descriptive and cross-sectional, census-type study was performed. A standardized questionnaire of 241 items was applied and previously applied to 86 students of the third year of nursing at a private university in Arequipa Metropolitana. There were high prevalence of life for the consumption of licit substances, 84.4% for alcoholic beverages and 62.8% for tobacco, and for any illegal drug (31.4%), among which marijuana (17.1%), and cocaine (4.6%), with differences in consumption in favor of men, whereas in medical drugs the most commonly used substance is tranquilizers (19.8%), with differences in consumption favoring women. At the university, more than 93% of students received information to prevent drug use, and 34.8% reported having had sexual intercourse between one and several times under the influence of alcohol and illicit drugs. It is concluded that the results show the magnitude of the social problems of the consumption of licit, illicit and medical drugs among university students; In addition, there is a need to develop strategies for the promotion of health and prevention of psychoactive substances in the nursing career to reduce and prevent the prevalence of consumption among future professionals promoting healthy lifestyles, to ensure a better quality of life in the population

Percepción de riesgos y consumo de drogas en estudiantes universitarios de enfermería, Arequipa, Perú

The objective of the present study was to have a first approximation about the prevalence of life, information, perceptions, and risk behaviors regarding the consumption of licit, illicit and medical drugs, according to sex, in nursing students. A quantitative, exploratory descriptive and cross-sectional, census-type study was performed. A standardized questionnaire of 241 items was applied and previously applied to 86 students of the third year of nursing at a private university in Arequipa Metropolitana. There were high prevalence of life for the consumption of licit substances, 84.4% for alcoholic beverages and 62.8% for tobacco, and for any illegal drug (31.4%), among which marijuana (17.1%), and cocaine (4.6%), with differences in consumption in favor of men, whereas in medical drugs the most commonly used substance is tranquilizers (19.8%), with differences in consumption favoring women. At the university, more than 93% of students received information to prevent drug use, and 34.8% reported having had sexual intercourse between one and several times under the influence of alcohol and illicit drugs. It is concluded that the results show the magnitude of the social problems of the consumption of licit, illicit and medical drugs among university students; In addition, there is a need to develop strategies for the promotion of health and prevention of psychoactive substances in the nursing career to reduce and prevent the prevalence of consumption among future professionals promoting healthy lifestyles, to ensure a better quality of life in the population.O objetivo do presente estudo foi ter uma primeira aproximação sobre a prevalência de vida, informação, percepções e comportamentos de risco em relação ao consumo de drogas lícitas, ilícitas e médicas, segundo o sexo, em estudantes de enfermagem. Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo exploratório e de corte transversal, tipo censo. Um questionário padronizado de 241 itens foi aplicado previamente a 86 estudantes do terceiro ano de enfermagem de uma universidade privada de Arequipa Metropolitana. Elevada prevalência de vida para o consumo de substâncias lícitas em bebidas alcoólicas 84,4% e 62,8% foi encontrada em rapé, e qualquer droga 31,4%, entre os quais marijuana (17,1%) e cocaína (4,6%), com diferenças de consumo em favor dos homens, enquanto em medicamentos mais vulgarmente utilizados substância corresponde a tranquilizantes (19,8%), com diferenças de consumo em favor das mulheres. Além disso, na faculdade mais de 93% dos alunos receberam informações para prevenir o uso de drogas e 34,8% relataram ter tido relações sexuais uma a várias vezes sob a influência de álcool e drogas ilícitas. Conclui-se que os resultados mostram a magnitude da problemática social do consumo de drogas lícitas, ilícitas e médicas entre os universitários; Além disso, há necessidade de desenvolver estratégias de promoção da saúde e prevenção do uso de substâncias psicoativas na carreira de enfermagem para reduzir e prevenir que a prevalência do consumo aumente nos futuros profissionais promovendo estilos de vida saudáveis, a fim de garantir uma melhor qualidade de vida na população.El objetivo del presente estudio fue tener una primera aproximación sobre la prevalencia de vida, información, percepciones, y comportamientos de riesgo respecto del consumo de drogas lícitas, ilícitas y médicas, según sexo, en estudiantes de enfermería.  Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo exploratorio y corte transversal, tipo censo.  Se aplicó un cuestionario estandarizado de 241 ítems y previamente aplicado a 86 estudiantes del tercer año de enfermería de una universidad particular de Arequipa Metropolitana.  Se encontró altas prevalencias de vida para el consumo de sustancias lícitas, 84,4% en bebidas alcohólicas y 62,8% en tabaco, y para cualquier droga ilícita 31,4%, entre las que destacan la marihuana (17,1%) y cocaína (4,6%), con diferencias de consumo a favor de los hombres, mientras que en las drogas médicas la sustancia más usada corresponde a tranquilizantes (19,8%), con diferencias de consumo a favor de las mujeres.  Asimismo, en la universidad más del 93% de los estudiantes recibió información para prevenir el uso de drogas, y el 34,8% declaró haber tenido relaciones sexuales entre una y varias veces  bajo los efectos del alcohol y drogas ilícitas. Se concluye que, los resultados evidencian la magnitud de la problemática social del consumo de drogas lícitas, ilícitas y médicas, entre los estudiantes universitarios; además, hay necesidad de desarrollar en la carrera de enfermería estrategias de promoción de la salud y prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas para reducir y evitar que las prevalencias del consumo se incrementen entre los futuros profesionales promotores de estilos de vida saludables, para garantizar una mejor calidad de vida en la población.

Absence of molecular evidence of Leptospira spp. in urine samples collected from rodents captured in Yucatán, México

Leptospira spp. is a spirochete bacteria, causal agent of leptospirosis, zoonotic disease endemic in México that represents a serious public health and veterinary problem. Rodents are recognised as the most important reservoirs of this bacteria, which is transmitted mainly through direct or indirect contact with the Leptospira spp. excreted in the urine of infected individuals. Theaim of this study was to evaluate the circulation of Leptospira spp. in urine samples of wild and synanthropic rodents from Yucatán, México. Eighty-four rodents were captured in the community of Cenotillo, Yucatán. Twenty-six urine samples were collected from the bladder and were used in the total DNA extraction. The identification of Leptospira spp. was intended through the polymerase chain reaction test in its endpoint variant. No evidence of Leptospira spp. was found in the urine samples. It is necessary to use other tissues for the identification of Leptospira spp., before concluding that the rodents used in the present study are not reservoirs of this bacteri

Ruling Frameworks and Fire Use‐Conflicts in Tropical Forests of Chiapas, Mexico: A Discourse Analysis

The use of fire within tropical forests to settle agriculture and livestock systems has long been causing a bottle-neck for governmental and environmental development agencies, especially in natural forested areas with local population. An international strategy followed since many years ago is the decree of special territories with vast forests as natural protected areas (NPA). In Mexico, environmental laws can run contrary to customs and practices of natural resource-dependent communities which still use fire to farm their lands as unique livelihood activity. The chapter examines two conflicting frameworks of resource management (forest and soil) and governance in a forest village’s efforts to comply with federal policies against fires in a NPA of Chiapas, Mexico. Forest and soil management is a key locus in California village, where governance structures come into conflict with hierarchical State power. Participatory workshops and semi-structured interviews were primary research instruments for data collection and discovery of community front and backstage. Ethnography and discourse analysis were used as main tools for the analysis of information. While the State leads the conservation efforts and limits cultural activities and local actions through coercive laws, the land use and resource-dependent communities defend their access rights, and they also determine how to individual or collectively manage fires in daily activities. Finding collective solutions with horizontal-dialogue strategies represent an important issue and a pending task for the development and preservation agencies focused on forested areas. Backstage dialogue is a tool for village self-preservation when livelihood strategies are at odds with protectionist conservation efforts

Biomass Accumulation and Carbon Storage in Pinus maximinoi, Quercus robur, Quercus rugosa, and Pinus patula from Village- Forests of Chiapas, Mexico

The Frailesca region (Chiapas, Mexico) presents a lack of forest studies and its environmental contribution. This chapter displays a first case study with preliminary research information regarding the identification of main forest trees and rural villages with best potential for biomass production and carbon storage management. Twenty two plots of 500 m2 were selected in 11 villages of the region, in order to identify the main and dominant forest trees species and then to estimate the biomass production and carbon storage in pine (Pinus maximinoi), oak (Quercus robur), holm oak (Quercus rugosa) and Mexican weeping pine (Pinus patula) species. This study shows that the largest accumulation of both biomass and carbon occurred in the pine forests and the lowest in the oak forests. Pine trees showed carbon storage of 516.75 Mg ha−1, followed by holm oaks, with 297.21 Mg ha−1; the species with the lowest value was oak, with 75.02 Mg ha−1. The forests of the 24 de Febrero villages had the highest potential for carbon storage. Deep studies are being conducted in relation to the aboveground biomass, carbon contents in trees stem, branches and leaves, and the relation to biomass dynamics and carbon stocks and other ecological aspects of village-forests