310 research outputs found
Avaliação e reforço sĂsmico de estruturas de betĂŁo armado
Apresenta-se um programa experimental que incluiu o ensaio em escala real de dois pĂłrticos de betĂŁo armado representativos da construção no sul da Europa com 40/50 anos, com necessi-dade de reabilitação sĂsmica. SĂŁo feitas algumas consideraçÔes sobre o comportamento experi-mental das estruturas, que foram ensaiadas sem qualquer intervenção, posteriormente reparadas e novamente ensaiadas considerando diferentes tĂ©cnicas de reforço sĂsmico
PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND ACCEPTANCE OF JELLY AND NECTAR OF ARAZA AND PAPAYA
The main objective of this work was to evaluate the acceptance of jelly and nectars made from araza (Eugenia
stipitata Mc Vaugh) and papaya. The following percentages of araza and papaya were, respectively, used: 50:50;
40:60; 30:70 and 20:80. For both pulps and products the variables studied were: acidity, pH, total content of soluble
solids. Acceptance tests were conducted for the developed products. An inverse relation was observed between
the papaya proportion and the soluble solids content and titratable acidity. The jelly made with skin araza presented
higher levels of soluble solids, higher pH and lower titratable acidity compared with those obtained with fruit
without the peel. Higher concentrations of papaya pulp improved the acceptance of nectar and jelly in all formulations.
It was observed an increased in the acceptance when using araza with skin, until levels of 45% of papaya for the
jelly and 24% for the nectar. This was probably due to specific sensorial attributes of the araza skin and it is an
indicator for future researches
Deslocamento e estimativa de gasto energético de ovinos manejados com diferentes métodos de pastoreio e ofertas de forragem em campo natural
The Trial was conducted at an 8.4ha natural grassland area, subdivided into 12 experimental units of 0.7 each in the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, when were tested two grazing methods (continuous and rotational(CS and RS) and two herbage allowances (HA; 12 and 18 kg dry matter/100 kg live weight; 12 and 18%), resulting in four treatments: CS12, CS18, RS12 and RS18. The displacement was measured during a 24h period using GPS devices fixed on the ewes back. Together with this evaluation was made a grazing behavior evaluation to synchronize the displacement with the grazing activity. With the GPS data (total and grazing displacement) the energy expenditure was predicted using equations reported in the literature. The herbage allowance did not influence the displacement and the estimations of energy expenditure. The CS presented a higher displacement than RS. Under the assumptions of estimations of energy expenditure, a higher level along all day and during grazing would be expected in the CS. Depending of the pasture quality, variations in the grazing methods could become an important management tool.O ensaio foi conduzido em 8,4ha de campo nativo, dividido em 12 unidades experimentais com 0,7ha, testando dois mĂ©todos de pastoreio (lotação contĂnua e rotativa; LC e LR) e duas ofertas de forragem (12 e 18 kg MS/100 kg PV; 12 e 18%) com ovelhas em gestação, gerando quatro tratamentos: LC12, LC18, LR12 e LR18. Foram medidos os deslocamentos durante um perĂodo de 24h utilizando-se aparelhos de GPS fixado na regiĂŁo das cruzes dos animais e o deslocamento na atividade de pastejo e procura de alimento, por meio de sincronização dos dados dos GPS e comportamento ingestivo, qual foi avaliado na ocasiĂŁo. Com os deslocamentos medidos os gastos energĂ©ticos foram estimados por meio de formulas matemĂĄticas repostadas na literatura. As OF nĂŁo modificaram o deslocamento dos animais durante 24 horas ou em pastejo. O deslocamento sĂł foi influenciado pelos mĂ©todos de pastoreio, onde os animais sob lotação contĂnua se deslocaram mais. Assumindo as estimativas de gasto energĂ©tico, um alto nĂvel de gasto durante o dia e na atividade de pastejo Ă© observada no mĂ©todo contĂnuo. Dependendo da qualidade da pastagem, variaçÔes no mĂ©todo de pastoreio podem se tornar importantes ferramentas de manejo
RESPOSTA IMUNE HUMORAL DE COELHOS FRENTE A EXTRATOS DE LARVAS DE Dermatobia hominis
O presente experimento teve como objetivo avaliar a resposta imune humoral de coelhos
frente a extrato de larvas (L2 e L3) de D. hominis. Vinte e quatro coelhos foram imunizados com trĂȘs
diferentes extratos de larvas de D. hominis. Foram estabelecidos trĂȘs grupos imunizados da seguinte
forma: grupo A, com extrato solĂșvel; grupo B, com extrato bruto; e grupo C, com extrato solĂșvel e
extrato bruto. Uma dose de reforço foi aplicada no 135o dia após a primeira inoculação, nos animais
dos grupos A, B e C. Amostras de soro foram coletadas quinzenalmente do dia 0 aos 150 dias apĂłs
a primeira imunização (DPI) para verificar a cinética de produção de anticorpos por meio do ensaio
de imunoadsorção enzimĂĄtica (ELISA). Anticorpos circulantes foram encontrados em nĂveis mĂĄximos
a partir de 45 DPI. A dose de reforço induziu o aparecimento imediato de uma resposta secundåria.
O extrato solĂșvel foi mais eficaz na estimulação da resposta imune humoral de machos e fĂȘmeas.
Constatou-se diferença significativa (
Study of using marker assisted selection on a beef cattle breeding program by model comparison
[EN] A data set of a commercial Nellore beef cattle selection program was used to compare breeding models that assumed or not markers effects to estimate the breeding values, when a reduced number of animals have phenotypic, genotypic and pedigree information available. This herd complete data set was composed of 83,404 animals measured for weaning weight (WW), post-weaning gain (PWG), scrotal circumference (SC) and muscle score (MS), corresponding to 116,652 animals in the relationship matrix. Single trait analyses were performed by MTDFREML software to estimate fixed and random effects solutions using this complete data. The additive effects estimated were assumed as the reference breeding values for those animals. The individual observed phenotype of each trait was adjusted for fixed and random effects solutions, except for direct additive effects. The adjusted phenotype composed of the additive and residual parts of observed phenotype was used as dependent variable for models' comparison. Among all measured animals of this herd, only 3160 animals were genotyped for 106 SNP markers. Three models were compared in terms of changes on animals' rank, global fit and predictive ability. Model 1 included only polygenic effects, model 2 included only markers effects and model 3 included both polygenic and markers effects. Bayesian inference via Markov chain Monte Carlo methods performed by TM software was used to analyze the data for model comparison. Two different priors were adopted for markers effects in models 2 and 3, the first prior assumed was a uniform distribution (U) and, as a second prior, was assumed that markers effects were distributed as normal (N). Higher rank correlation coefficients were observed for models 3_U and 3_N, indicating a greater similarity of these models animals' rank and the rank based on the reference breeding values. Model 3_N presented a better global fit, as demonstrated by its low DIC. The best models in terms of predictive ability were models 1 and 3_N. Differences due prior assumed to markers effects in models 2 and 3 could be attributed to the better ability of normal prior in handle with collinear effects. The models 2_U and 2_N presented the worst performance, indicating that this small set of markers should not be used to genetically evaluate animals with no data, since its predictive ability is restricted. In conclusion, model 3_N presented a slight superiority when a reduce number of animals have phenotypic, genotypic and pedigree information. It could be attributed to the variation retained by markers and polygenic effects assumed together and the normal prior assumed to markers effects, that deals better with the collinearity between markers. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.We are grateful to the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Merialilgenity and Conselho Nacional de apoio a Pesquisa (CNPq) for the financial support, to Agro-Pecuaria CFM for data set and the Institut de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agroalimentarias de Cataluña (IRTA) as the host institution for its full backing while preparing the research and the manuscript.Rezende, F.; Ferraz, J.; Eler, J.; Silva, R.; Mattos, E.; Ibåñez-Escriche, N. (2012). Study of using marker assisted selection on a beef cattle breeding program by model comparison. Livestock Science. 147(1-3):40-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2012.03.017S40481471-
MĂ©todo da espectroscopia no infravermelho para anĂĄlise dos soros de queijos de minas padrĂŁo e prato
Origins of the Ambient Solar Wind: Implications for Space Weather
The Sun's outer atmosphere is heated to temperatures of millions of degrees,
and solar plasma flows out into interplanetary space at supersonic speeds. This
paper reviews our current understanding of these interrelated problems: coronal
heating and the acceleration of the ambient solar wind. We also discuss where
the community stands in its ability to forecast how variations in the solar
wind (i.e., fast and slow wind streams) impact the Earth. Although the last few
decades have seen significant progress in observations and modeling, we still
do not have a complete understanding of the relevant physical processes, nor do
we have a quantitatively precise census of which coronal structures contribute
to specific types of solar wind. Fast streams are known to be connected to the
central regions of large coronal holes. Slow streams, however, appear to come
from a wide range of sources, including streamers, pseudostreamers, coronal
loops, active regions, and coronal hole boundaries. Complicating our
understanding even more is the fact that processes such as turbulence,
stream-stream interactions, and Coulomb collisions can make it difficult to
unambiguously map a parcel measured at 1 AU back down to its coronal source. We
also review recent progress -- in theoretical modeling, observational data
analysis, and forecasting techniques that sit at the interface between data and
theory -- that gives us hope that the above problems are indeed solvable.Comment: Accepted for publication in Space Science Reviews. Special issue
connected with a 2016 ISSI workshop on "The Scientific Foundations of Space
Weather." 44 pages, 9 figure
Horizontal Branch Stars: The Interplay between Observations and Theory, and Insights into the Formation of the Galaxy
We review HB stars in a broad astrophysical context, including both variable
and non-variable stars. A reassessment of the Oosterhoff dichotomy is
presented, which provides unprecedented detail regarding its origin and
systematics. We show that the Oosterhoff dichotomy and the distribution of
globular clusters (GCs) in the HB morphology-metallicity plane both exclude,
with high statistical significance, the possibility that the Galactic halo may
have formed from the accretion of dwarf galaxies resembling present-day Milky
Way satellites such as Fornax, Sagittarius, and the LMC. A rediscussion of the
second-parameter problem is presented. A technique is proposed to estimate the
HB types of extragalactic GCs on the basis of integrated far-UV photometry. The
relationship between the absolute V magnitude of the HB at the RR Lyrae level
and metallicity, as obtained on the basis of trigonometric parallax
measurements for the star RR Lyrae, is also revisited, giving a distance
modulus to the LMC of (m-M)_0 = 18.44+/-0.11. RR Lyrae period change rates are
studied. Finally, the conductive opacities used in evolutionary calculations of
low-mass stars are investigated. [ABRIDGED]Comment: 56 pages, 22 figures. Invited review, to appear in Astrophysics and
Space Scienc
An Integrated TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource to Drive High-Quality Survival Outcome Analytics
For a decade, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program collected clinicopathologic annotation data along with multi-platform molecular profiles of more than 11,000 human tumors across 33 different cancer types. TCGA clinical data contain key features representing the democratized nature of the data collection process. To ensure proper use of this large clinical dataset associated with genomic features, we developed a standardized dataset named the TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource (TCGA-CDR), which includes four major clinical outcome endpoints. In addition to detailing major challenges and statistical limitations encountered during the effort of integrating the acquired clinical data, we present a summary that includes endpoint usage recommendations for each cancer type. These TCGA-CDR findings appear to be consistent with cancer genomics studies independent of the TCGA effort and provide opportunities for investigating cancer biology using clinical correlates at an unprecedented scale. Analysis of clinicopathologic annotations for over 11,000 cancer patients in the TCGA program leads to the generation of TCGA Clinical Data Resource, which provides recommendations of clinical outcome endpoint usage for 33 cancer types
Detecção de peptĂdeos importantes para o diagnĂłstico da cisticercose bovina no immunoblot
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