Estudo das medidas de inclusão das comunidades ciganas na União Europeia: o caso de Carrazeda de Ansiães

Projecto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Serviço SocialEste projeto tem como objetivo o estudo das medidas — políticas e práticas — adotadas na União Europa no sentido da inclusão social das comunidades ciganas. Estas medidas são comparadas com as medidas adotadas no plano local, usando para o caso do Concelho de Carrazeda de Ansiães, na região Norte de Portugal, sub-região do Douro. Apoiado no método comparativo, este trabalho aponta os limites do direito e soft law aplicável na União. As medidas tomadas no plano local carecem com efeito da força necessária para evitar a continuação de uma segregação de facto das minorias ciganas. Observa-se, que nas comunidades presentes localmente em Carrazeda de Ansiães a maioria da população carece de acesso, em termos concretos, a bens e serviços fundamentais que seriam promotores da sua plena inclusão: a educação, a habitação, o emprego e a formação, mas igualmente uma melhoria da sua saúde. Contudo, há sinais de esperança, com a adoção pela própria União de medidas até 2020. Até esta altura, os Estados-membros poderão recorrer às verbas de diferentes iniciativas da União para a integração de minorias. Faltará saber se o farão efetivamente.This project aims at studying the measures — policies and practices — adopted by the European Union in order to socially include the gypsy communities. These measures are compared with the measures adopted at the local level, using the case of the county of Carrazeda de Ansiães, located in the region North Portugal, sub-region Douro. Based on comparative method, the work points at the limits of the applicable European Union law and soft law. The measures taken at the local level lack the necessary force to avoid the continuation of a de facto segregation of gypsies minorities. It is observed that among the communities living on the territory of Carrazeda de Ansiães, the majority of the population lacks access, in concrete terms, to fundamental goods and services that would be essential tools for a full inclusion : education, housing, employment and training, but also a better health. Yet, there are some signs of hope, as is the adoption by the European Union of measures for 2020. Until this year, member states will be able to use funds for the various initiatives of the European Union to integrate the minorities. It remains to be seen whether they will actually use them or not

Cytokine storm modulation in COVID-19: a proposed role for vitamin D and DPP-4 inhibitor combination therapy (VIDPP-4i)

A dysregulated immune response characterized by the hyperproduction of several pro-inflammatory cytokines (a.k.a. 'cytokine storm') plays a central role in the pathophysiology of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this Perspective article we discuss the evidence for synergistic anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties exerted by vitamin D and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, the latter being a class of antihyperglycemic agents used for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes, which have also been reported as immunomodulators. Then, we provide the rationale for investigation of vitamin D and DPP-4 inhibitor combination therapy (VIDPP-4i) as an immunomodulation strategy to ratchet down the virulence of SARS-CoV-2, prevent disease progression and modulate the cytokine storm in COVID-19

AS CONFERÊNCIAS NACIONAIS DE SAÚDE MENTAL E O PARADIGMA DA DESINSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO

Resumo Os Relatórios Finais das Conferências Nacionais de Saúde Mental são o objeto de análise deste trabalho. Busca-se verificar se os princípios do paradigma da desinstitucionalização estão presentes no processo de reforma psiquiátrica que vem sendo instituído no país. Considerando que a reforma psiquiátrica é processo social complexo que envolve quatro dimensões (técnico-conceitual, técnico-assistencial, jurídico-política e sociocultural), busca apreender nos textos dos Relatórios, as discussões que se pautam pela reforma psiquiátrica como modelo de transformação que opera além da questão da doença mental, evidenciando se a transformação em processo extrapola a mudança de espaço de cuidado

Combination of vitamin D and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (VIDPP-4i) as an immunomodulation therapy for autoimmune diabetes

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) represent the most common types of autoimmune diabetes and are characterized by different age of onset, degrees of immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells and rates of disease progression towards insulin dependence. Several immunotherapies aimed to counteract autoimmune responses against beta cells and preserve beta-cell function are currently being investigated, particularly in T1D. Preliminary findings suggest a potential role of combination therapy with vitamin D and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (VIDPP-4i) in preserving beta-cell function in autoimmune diabetes. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the immunomodulatory properties of vitamin D and DPP-4 inhibitors, as well as the rationale for investigation of their combined use as an immunomodulation therapy for autoimmune diabetes

Identificação de possíveis intervenções voltadas para a redução de riscos de inundações na bacia hidrográfica do rio Palmital localizada na área do município de Pinhais/PR

The River Basin Palmital plays an important role in the availability of water resources for the local and neighboring regions society. Understanding the importance of water resources and all the dynamics involved , this study aims to identify possible interventions to contain floods in River Basin Palmital within the limits of the municipality of Pinhais - PR . Raising data for improved environmental planning area, providing information which would facilitate compliance with the Master Plan of the City of Pinhais , county to which the proposed research interventions to reduce flood risks. To develop the study was organized a database of environmental data from the catchment area of the river Palmital , integrating the altimetry , and gauged precipitation data , identifying the historical flood data that generated mainly socio- economic losses . First, there was the study of the physical and geomorphological characteristics of the basin generating thematic maps using ArcView software . From the rainfall and runoff data a study of quota river flow Palmital with the highest precipitation was performed by relating these data with the floods that occurred days . The result identified as flood losses were incurred for the years 2003 , 2009, 2010 and 2011 . After making this identification the map with the coordinates of historical floods was prepared to know the areas that are most susceptible to this extreme hydrological event and thus propose that the area is considered a risk of flooding . Through the study it was found that the most affected areas are the mouth and the next right bank Palmital , an area of consolidated urbanization . It is proposed for these areas , such as non- structural measure , an early warning system for floods along with Civil Defence and environmental education for the public awareness of the risks to which it is subject , and as a structural measure the construction of detention ponds / retention as a linear park , also using them as wetland systems for the treatment of river water in times of drought , as this river is as committed and framed as class 3 by CONAMA Resolution No. 430 quality. For future research it is recommended that a study may indicate interference in the headwaters , because these could help more significantly in preventing floods , and could result in lower in relation to the interventions of structural measures costs.A Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Palmital desempenha um papel importante no disponibilização de recursos hídricos para a sociedade local e regiões vizinhas. Entendendo a importância desse recurso hídrico e toda a dinâmica envolvida, esse estudo tem como objetivo identificar as possíveis intervenções para contenção de inundações na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Palmital dentro dos limites do município de Pinhais – PR. Levantando dados para um melhor planejamento ambiental da área, fornecendo informações que possam facilitar o cumprimento do Plano Diretor da Prefeitura Municipal de Pinhais, município para o qual a pesquisa propõem intervenções para a redução de riscos de inundações. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo foi organizado um banco de dados ambientais da bacia hidrográfica do rio Palmital, integrando as informações altimétricas, fluviométricas e pluviométricas, identificando os dados históricos de inundação que geraram perdas socio-econômicas principalmente. Primeiramente, realizou-se o estudo das características físicas e geomorfológicas da bacia gerando mapas temáticos utilizando o software ArcView. A partir dos dados pluviométricos e fluviométricos foi realizado um estudo das cotas de vazão do rio Palmital com as precipitações mais elevadas, relacionando esses dados com os dias que ocorreram inundações. O resultado identificou como enchentes que incorreram em perdas foram referentes aos anos 2003, 2009, 2010 e 2011. Após realizada esta identificação foi elaborado o mapa com as cotas de inundações históricas, para conhecer as áreas que mais estão suscetíveis a esse evento hidrológico extremo e assim propor que a área seja considerada de risco de inundações. Através do estudo verificou-se que as regiões mais afetadas estão próxima a foz e a margem direita do rio Palmital, uma área de urbanização consolidada. Propõe-se para essas áreas, como medida não-estrutural, um sistema de alerta para inundações juntamente com a Defesa Civil e educação ambiental para a conscientização da população sobre os riscos a qual está sujeita; e como medida estrutural a construção de lagoas de detenção/retenção como um parque linear, utilizando-as também como sistemas de wetlands para o tratamento da água do rio em períodos de seca, já que este rio está com a qualidade comprometida e enquadrado como classe 3 pela Resolução do CONAMA no 430. Para pesquisas futuras recomenda-se um estudo que possa indicar interferências nas cabeceiras, pois as mesmas poderiam auxiliar de forma mais significativa na prevenção de enchentes, e poderiam acarretar em custos mais reduzidos no que se refere à intervenções de medidas estruturais

Ensino híbrido na educação de surdos durante a pandemia: desafios da formação

The year of 2020 was very important to (re)think Education in Brazil, since it was the year when the educational community had to resignify itself in the face of the new challenges imposed by the Covid-19 pandemic, requiring training to train teachers in the so-called “new” teaching modality. In this sense, this work aims to make a cut of what happened and is happening in the academic environment after the pandemic was decreed. The research in question investigates, under the bias of qualitative analysis,using questionnaires, the main difficulties encountered by teachers from inclusive high school classrooms and professionals from multifunctional resource classrooms, in the learning process of deaf students, with the use of technologies and the real need to train these teachers in terms of hybrid teaching. The theoretical bases guiding this textual construct were: Giroto (2012), Moran (2015), Moreira (2020), and QuadrosEl año 2020 fue muy importante para (re)pensar la Educación en Brasil, ya que fue el año en que la comunidad educativa tuvo que resignificarse frente a los nuevos desafíos impuestos por la pandemia de Covid-19, requiriendo formación para formar docentes en la denominada modalidad de enseñanza “nueva”. En ese sentido, este trabajo pretende hacer un corte de lo que pasó y está pasando en el ámbito académico luego de que se decretara la pandemia. La investigación en cuestión indaga, bajo el sesgo del análisis cualitativo, a través de cuestionarios, las principales dificultades encontradas por docentes de aulas de bachillerato inclusivo y profesionales de aulas de recursos multifuncionales en el proceso de aprendizaje de los alumnos sordos con el uso de lastecnologías y la necesidad real de formar a estos profesores en términos de enseñanza híbrida. Estas son las bases teóricas orientadoras de este constructo textual: Giroto (2012), Moran (2015), Moreira (2020) y Quadros (2003). Los resultados apuntan esfuerzos en el contexto de la enseñanza de estudiantes sordos, ya que los cambios en los paradigmas educativos han resignificado y están resignificando agentes, modos/medios, instrumentos y propósitos educativos, además de señalar la necesidad de innovaciones en las prácticas educativas.O ano de 2020 foi muito importante para (re)pensar a educação no Brasil, por ser aquele em que a comunidade educacional precisou se ressignificar perante os novos desafios impostos pela pandemia da Covid-19, necessitando de formações para a capacitação dos docentes na chamada “nova” modalidade de ensino. Nesse sentido, este trabalhotem por objetivo fazer um recorte sobre o que aconteceu e vem acontecendo no meio acadêmico após ser decretada a pandemia. A pesquisa em comento investiga, sob o viés da análise qualitativa, utilizando-se de questionários, as principais dificuldades encontradas pelos docentes de salas inclusivas do ensino médio e profissionais de salasde recursos multifuncionais, no processo da aprendizagem de estudantes surdos, com o uso das tecnologias, e a real necessidade de formação desses docentes frente ao ensino híbrido. Tem como bases teóricas norteando este constructo textual: Giroto (2012), Moran (2015), Moreira (2020) e Quadros (2003). Os resultados apontam esforços no contexto do ensino de estudantes surdos, visto que as mudanças de paradigmas educacionais ressignificaram e estão ressignificando os agentes, os modos/meios, os instrumentos e as finalidades educacionais, além de apontarem necessidades de inovações das práticas educativas

Pretreatment of textiles through atmospheric plasma

There are several technologies available for the treatment of textile substrates. In a context where more environmentally and sustainable attitudes need to be adopted, industries must find technologically advanced solutions towards it, such as waterless technologies. An example is the atmospheric plasma, which allows the continuous and uniform pre-treatment of textile substrates, to make the next step – functionalization – more efficient. This alternative technology allows cleaning textile surfaces, remove organic contaminants and low molecular weight materials, as well as increase surface energy with the improvement of adhesion and creation of active chemical groups for prior bonding. This technology presents many advantages, like the speed of treatment, the possibility of cleaning and activation the surface in a single step, reduction of energy consumption, maintenance of the intrinsic properties of textile substrates, no need of water or chemical reagents and, consequently, no liquid effluents are generated; being, in general, a cleaner process. PLASMAMED project exemplifies the application of this specific technology. The goal is to produce a new generation of coatings containing bionanocomposites with controllable antibacterial activity on medical textiles, using plasma at atmospheric pressure for the pretreatment of textile substrates, aiming to obtain antimicrobial dressing for pressure injury. Thus, different substrates (cotton, polyester, polyamide) have been pretreated by atmospheric plasma technology, where different conditions of speed and discharge power have been tested, as well as various gases (such as helium, oxygen, nitrogen, or synthetic air), using argon as carrier gas. In general, water contact angle measurements and wicking tests confirmed that plasma modification increased the wettability of textiles substrates, with lower values of contact angle and greater wetting distance achieved, when compared with standard values of the substrates without pretreatment. Additionally, this treatment proved to be more effective than common washing, in removing surface impurities, allowing better results by both methods. After optimizing plasma treatment conditions, polyester-based textiles were functionalized with nanoparticles, enzymes as antimicrobial agents, immobilized using mordenite zeolites and polysaccharide-based matrixes to mitigate cytotoxicity. Antimicrobial tests showed high antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the results show the possibilities of using plasma in the modification of polymeric surfaces, through the increase of surface energy, as for specific functionalization, compared to the absence of pretreatment

Active Aerodynamics Design Methodology for Vehicle Dynamics Enhancement

This paper presents a workflow methodology for CAD design and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis of an active aerodynamic package for a sports vehicle. The objective is to provide a method in case of limited resources, such as time and computational power, in order to enhance the vehicle dynamic performances by the improvement of its aerodynamic characteristics. The use of the superposition principle is necessary to perform fast evaluation of the results having three different entities: base vehicle, active front splitter and active rear wing. The dynamic behavior of the vehicle is entangled with the properly made workflow. The results usefulness is related to the understanding of the improvements achieved on the baseline vehicle. The results point out the importance of the aerodynamic improvements connected to the vehicle dynamics enhancement of a sport vehicle

Side effects of pesticides on the olive fruit fly parasitoid Psyttalia concolor ( Szépligeti): a review

ReviewPesticide applications in olive orchards could alter the biological control of parasitoid Psyttalia concolor Szépligeti (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on the key pest Bactrocera oleae Rossi (Diptera: Tephritidae). Psyttalia concolor adults can be contaminated by exposure to spray droplets, contact with treated surfaces or oral uptake from contaminated food sources. Pesticides impact both pest and parasitoid populations when they coexist in time and space, as they reduce pest numbers available for parasitoids and might cause toxic e ects to parasitoids from which they need to recover. Therefore, the appropriate timing and application of selective chemical treatments provides the opportunity to incorporate this parasitoid in the IPM of B. oleae. This manuscript reviews the current literature on lethal and sublethal e ects of insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, and biopesticides on P. concolor. Insecticides were generally more toxic, particularly organophosphates and pyrethroids, while herbicides and biopesticides had less e ects on mortality and reproductive parameters. Some fungicides were quite harmful. Most of the studies were conducted in laboratory conditions, focused on reproduction as the only sublethal e ect, exclusively considered the e ect of a single pesticide and persistence was hardly explored. Field studies, currently quite scarce, are absolutely needed to satisfactorily assess the impact of pesticides on P. concolorinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Intestinal Ostomy Complications and Care

The management of patients submitted to intestinal stomas (ileostomy or colostomy) and description of the routine care and main complications are the scope of the chapter. The impact of the stoma on patients’ daily life with a functional list of capabilities they can exert with security and illustrations of the commonest drawbacks are also discussed. A series of pictures showing the most commonly occurring complications depicted in the section Problems and complications help to a better understanding of the author’s intended message. Finally in the “References” topic, it was tried to cite society-based guidelines and review papers concerning ostomy care and complications