Hydrogen-Bond Cooperativity in Formamide2–Water: A Model for Water-Mediated Interactions

Producción CientíficaThe rotational spectrum of formamide2-H2O formed in a supersonic jet has been characterized by Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. This adduct provides a simple model of water mediated interaction involving the amide linkages, as occur in protein folding or amide association processes, showing the interplay between self-association and solvation. Mono-substituted 13C, 15N, 18O and 2H isotopologues have been observed to investigate the structure. The adduct forms an almost planar three body sequential cycle. The two formamide molecules link on one side through an N-H···O hydrogen bond and on the other side through a water-mediated interaction with the formation of C=O···H-O and O···H-N hydrogen bonds. The analysis of the quadrupole coupling effects due to the presence of two 14N-nuclei reveal the subtle inductive forces associated to cooperative hydrogen bonding. These forces are involved in the changes detected in the C=O and C-N bond distances with respect to bare formamide.2018-03-03Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (CTQ2013-40717-P)Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref. VA334U14

Haliotrematoides spp. (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae) parasitizing Lutjanus guttatus (Lutjanidae) in two localities of the Pacific coast of Mexico, and their phylogenetic position within the Ancyrocephalinae through sequences of the 28S rRNA

AbstractSpecimens of wild populations of the spotted rose snapper, Lutjanus guttatus (Steindacher) were studied for monogenean parasites in 2 localities along the Mexican Pacific coast (Mazatlán, Sinaloa and Chamela Bay, Jalisco). Five species of dactylogyrids were found on the gills of their hosts: Haliotrematoides guttati (García-Vargas, Fajer-Ávila, & Lamothe-Argumedo, 2008), H. plectridium Kristky and Mendoza-Franco in Kritsky, Tingbao, & Yuan, 2009, H. spinatus Kristky and Mendoza-Franco in Kritsky et al. (2009), Euryhaliotrema perezponcei García-Vargas, Fajer-Ávila & Lamothe-Argumedo, 2008 and E. mehen (Soler-Jiménez, García-Gasca, & Fajer-Avila, 2012). Freshly collected specimens provided an opportunity to study and compare specimens from different localities in further detail and few morphological characters were added to the description of each species. Additionally, a fragment of 856bp of the 28S ribosomal RNA (D1–D3) was obtained for all the sampled monogeneans, and a phylogenetic analysis along with all available sequences of dactylogyrids was conducted to establish the systematic position of the species within the Ancyrocephalinae. Our results suggest that species of Haliotrema might be included in Haliotrematoides genus. In addition, the genetic divergence data suggest that H. guttati and H. spinatus may represent a species complex; however, this asseveration needs additional data

Structure of Butyl Carbamate and of Its Water Complex in the Gas Phase

Producción CientíficaThe structure of butyl carbamate and of its complex with water generated in a supersonic expansion has been characterized by Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. Up to 13 low-energy conformations of the monomer have been predicted which differ in the relative orientation of the butyl chain and the amide group. However, only three conformations have been observed experimentally. The remaining low energy conformers are expected to interconvert into the observed rotamers through collisional relaxation processes in the supersonic jet. The values of the C-O-Cα-Cβ dihedral angle observed for the two most stable conformers of butyl carbamate, with extended configurations, can be directly correlated with the values of this angle in the two experimentally observed conformers of the shorter-chain molecule, ethyl carbamate. The less stable form shows a weak C-H...O=C intramolecular hydrogen bond from the terminal methyl group to the carbamate C=O group, stabilizing a folded configuration. For the most stable butyl carbamate monomer the complex with one molecule of water has been observed. In that complex the water molecule attaches to the amide group in a cyclic arrangement using two hydrogen bonds. The results indicate that water does not substantially alter the conformational behavior of butyl carbamate.Ministerio de economia, industria y competitividad CTQ2016-75253-

Uso y manejo de las TIC como competencia genérica en estudiantes preuniversitarios

La presente ponencia muestra los resultados de investigación en la cual se describió de manera comparativa el uso y manejo de las TIC como competencia genérica de 555 estudiantes del último año de tres planteles educativos adscritos al Sistema Nacional de Bachillerato (SNB) de la ciudad de Xalapa en México; cada plantel perteneciente a un subsistema de bachillerato: general, tecnológico y profesional-técnico, tomando en cuenta el uso y manejo de las TIC a partir de la Reforma Integral de la Educación Media Superior (RIEMS) implementada a nivel nacional en 2008. Se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo y transversal a través de la aplicación del cuestionario para estudiantes diseñado en el marco del proyecto Brecha Digital del Centro de Innovación e Investigación en Educación Superior de la Universidad Veracruzana, midiendo el uso y manejo de TIC de 547 estudiantes a través de dos saberes digitales: comunicación en entornos digitales y; literacidad digital. Los resultados de la investigación arrojaron que los estudiantes de los tres subsistemas de bachillerato saben comunicarse en entornos digitales en un nivel Bajo-Medio mientras que en el saber literacidad digital se ubicaron en el nivel Alto de cuatro niveles posibles (Bajo, Bajo-Medio, Medio-Alto y Alto)

A Solution for the Generalized Synchronization of a Class of Chaotic Systems Based on Output Feedback

A solution to the output-feedback generalized synchronization problem for two chaotic systems, namely, the master and the slave, is presented. The solution assumes that the slave is controlled by a single input, and the states of each system are partially known. To this end, both systems are expressed in their corresponding observable generalized canonical form, through their differential primitive element. The nonavailable state variables of both systems are recovered using a suitable Luenberger observer. The convergence analysis was carried out using the linear control approach in conjunction with the Lyapunov method. Convincing numerical simulations are presented to assess the effectiveness of the obtained solution

Seminarios "Mil Historias"

Documentación relativa a los seminarios "Mil Historias", vinculados al P.I.D. Las Fuentes de la Historia: un binomio en la construcción de aprendizaje

Personas adultas mayores frente a la inclusión digital en América Latina: un estudio en red - Volumen 1

El presente libro es la culminación de un proyecto denominado Personas adultas mayores frente a la inclusión digital en América Latina – un estudio en red, desarrollado mediante una red de investigadores latinoamericanos. La idea de dicho proyecto surgió cuando la profesora Maria Consuelo Oliveira Santos finalizó su posdoctorado en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Comunicación de la Universidad Autónoma deNuevo León (UANL), en la ciudad de Monterrey, estado de Nuevo León, México. En cierto modo, es la continuación de la investigación sobre las nuevas tecnologías y los adultos mayores en Monterrey, iniciada en dicha institución. Se constató que era una temática que suscitaba estudios más verticalizados y que sería oportuno poder establecer una red de investigadores y así obtener una visión más amplia sobre la inclusión digital, en la realidad latinoamericana. El propósito del estudio fue conocer, contrastar y comprender las relaciones de las personas adultas mayores con las nuevas tecnologías y la repercusión de dichas relaciones en sus vidas. Igualmente observar la importancia de las condiciones sociales, políticas y culturales que repercuten en el acceso o no a las nuevas tecnologías. La implicación de investigadores integrantes de diferentes instituciones académicas, pertenecientes a diversas áreas del conocimiento fue consecuencia de invitaciones formuladas directamente por diferentes medios de comunicación, explicándoles la idea del proyecto en red para estudiar dicha temática a partir de sus realidades.El presente libro es la culminación de un proyecto denominado Personas adultas mayores frente a la inclusión digital en América Latina – un estudio en red, desarrollado mediante una red de investigadores latinoamericanos. La idea de dicho proyecto surgió cuando la profesora Maria Consuelo Oliveira Santos finalizó su posdoctorado en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Comunicación de la Universidad Autónoma deNuevo León (UANL), en la ciudad de Monterrey, estado de Nuevo León, México. En cierto modo, es la continuación de la investigación sobre las nuevas tecnologías y los adultos mayores en Monterrey, iniciada en dicha institución. Se constató que era una temática que suscitaba estudios más verticalizados y que sería oportuno poder establecer una red de investigadores y así obtener una visión más amplia sobre la inclusión digital, en la realidad latinoamericana. El propósito del estudio fue conocer, contrastar y comprender las relaciones de las personas adultas mayores con las nuevas tecnologías y la repercusión de dichas relaciones en sus vidas. Igualmente observar la importancia de las condiciones sociales, políticas y culturales que repercuten en el acceso o no a las nuevas tecnologías. La implicación de investigadores integrantes de diferentes instituciones académicas, pertenecientes a diversas áreas del conocimiento fue consecuencia de invitaciones formuladas directamente por diferentes medios de comunicación, explicándoles la idea del proyecto en red para estudiar dicha temática a partir de sus realidades

Factors influencing terrestriality in primates of the Americas and Madagascar

Among mammals, the order Primates is exceptional in having a high taxonomic richness in which the taxa are arboreal, semiterrestrial, or terrestrial. Although habitual terrestriality is pervasive among the apes and African and Asian monkeys (catarrhines), it is largely absent among monkeys of the Americas (platyrrhines), as well as galagos, lemurs, and lorises (strepsirrhines), which are mostly arboreal. Numerous ecological drivers and species-specific factors are suggested to set the conditions for an evolutionary shift from arboreality to terrestriality, and current environmental conditions may provide analogous scenarios to those transitional periods. Therefore, we investigated predominantly arboreal, diurnal primate genera from the Americas and Madagascar that lack fully terrestrial taxa, to determine whether ecological drivers (habitat canopy cover, predation risk, maximum temperature, precipitation, primate species richness, human population density, and distance to roads) or species-specific traits (bodymass, group size, and degree of frugivory) associate with increased terrestriality. We collated 150,961 observation hours across 2,227 months from 47 species at 20 sites in Madagascar and 48 sites in the Americas. Multiple factors were associated with ground use in these otherwise arboreal species, including increased temperature, a decrease in canopy cover, a dietary shift away from frugivory, and larger group size. These factors mostly explain intraspecific differences in terrestriality. As humanity modifies habitats and causes climate change, our results suggest that species already inhabiting hot, sparsely canopied sites, and exhibiting more generalized diets, are more likely to shift toward greater ground use

Factors influencing terrestriality in primates of the Americas and Madagascar

Among mammals, the order Primates is exceptional in having a high taxonomic richness in which the taxa are arboreal, semiterrestrial, or terrestrial. Although habitual terrestriality is pervasive among the apes and African and Asian monkeys (catarrhines), it is largely absent among monkeys of the Americas (platyrrhines), as well as galagos, lemurs, and lorises (strepsirrhines), which are mostly arboreal. Numerous ecological drivers and species-specific factors are suggested to set the conditions for an evolutionary shift from arboreality to terrestriality, and current environmental conditions may provide analogous scenarios to those transitional periods. Therefore, we investigated predominantly arboreal, diurnal primate genera from the Americas and Madagascar that lack fully terrestrial taxa, to determine whether ecological drivers (habitat canopy cover, predation risk, maximum temperature, precipitation, primate species richness, human population density, and distance to roads) or species-specific traits (body mass, group size, and degree of frugivory) associate with increased terrestriality. We collated 150,961 observation hours across 2,227 months from 47 species at 20 sites in Madagascar and 48 sites in the Americas. Multiple factors were associated with ground use in these otherwise arboreal species, including increased temperature, a decrease in canopy cover, a dietary shift away from frugivory, and larger group size. These factors mostly explain intraspecific differences in terrestriality. As humanity modifies habitats and causes climate change, our results suggest that species already inhabiting hot, sparsely canopied sites, and exhibiting more generalized diets, are more likely to shift toward greater ground use

A morphological and molecular study of Pseudocorynosoma Aznar, Pérez Ponce de León and Raga 2006 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) from Mexico with the description of a new species and the presence of cox 1 pseudogenes

Pseudocorynosoma tepehuanesi n. sp., is described from the intestine of the ruddy duck Oxyura jamaicensis Gmelin, 1789 from single locality from northern Mexico. The new species is mainly distinguished morphologically from the other five described species of Pseudocorynosoma from the Americas (P. constrictum, type species, P. peposacae, P. anatarium, P. enrietti and P. iheringi) associated with waterfowl species by possessing a proboscis with 15 longitudinal rows with 7–8 hooks each, a trunk expanded anteriorly and by having smaller lemniscus. Partial sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox 1) and the large subunit (LSU) of ribosomal DNA including the domains D2 + D3 were used independently to corroborate the morphological distinction between the new species and other two congeneric species (P. constrictum and P. anatarium) from North America. The genetic divergence estimated among the new species and the other two species ranged from 15 to 18% for cox 1 and from 3.2 to 4% for LSU. The cox 1 alignment shows 24 sequences from P. anatarium with abnormalities, which were defined as pseudogenes due the presence of insertions, deletions and premature stop codons. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses with each data set showed that the acanthocephalans from ruddy duck represent an independent clade with strong bootstrap support and posterior probabilities. The phylogenetic tree inferred with cox 1 gene placed all the pseudogenes from P. anatarium in single clade suggesting that those genes arose after speciation process within genus Pseudocorynosoma. The morphological evidence, plus the monophyly in both phylogenetic analyses indicate that the acanthocephalans collected from intestine of the ruddy duck from northern Mexico represent a new species.Fil: García Varela, Martín. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Hernández Orts, Jesús Servando. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto de Biología Marina y Pesquera Almirante Storni; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pinacho Pinacho, Carlos D.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México. Universidad de la Sierra Sur; Méxic