Movimiento educativo, mujeres desde la agroecología hasta la psicología rural en México, entrevista con Carmen Álvarez Ávila

La Dra Carmen Álvarez Ávila, Profesora Investigadora Titular del Colegio de Postgraduados en Ciencias Agrícolas, Campus Veracruz, cursó la carrera de Ingeniería Química en la Universidad Nacional de Autónoma de México (1967), maestría en Maestría en Ciencias en Edafología en el Colegio de Postgraduados (1981) y doctorado en Ciencias en Planificación y Gestión de Proyectos para el Desarrollo Rural Sustentable, en la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, España (2008). Sus vivencias en distintos movimientos sociales en diferentes etapas de su vida, le permitieron reconocer su equilibrio humano. En 7 ocasiones ha sido reconocida entre los 100 académicos distinguidos del Colegio de Postgraduados. En el 2013, la Alianza de Mujeres en Agroecología-Aliance of Women in Agroecology (AMA-AWA) la reconocieron como Agroecóloga Distinguida. Recibió el reconocimiento por su trayectoria profesional y sus aportaciones al sector agrícola en las áreas de educación, investigación y vinculación con la sociedad rural en el Campus Veracruz-Colegio de Postgraduados (2016), entre otros muchos reconocimientos por sus aportaciones al campo de la ciencia y educación. Su labor en el campo de la educación en las áreas rurales con mujeres a nivel comunitario y de Postgrado, con alumnado de distintas áreas desde la agroecología, la pedagogía e incluyendo la psicología, con metodología de investigación-Acción-Participativa. Con grandes aportaciones de investigaciones con mujeres rurales acerca del patio familiar, su rescate cultural alimentario, recursos naturales, y su relación con la nutrición, trabajando con la Fundación Rockefeller. Su trabajo educativo y en redes le han permitido propagar la relevancia del patio familiar en la cultura y educación comunitaria, considerando incluso a su alumnado de postgrado en psicología y relación con las mujeres en el campo de la agroecología.Dr. Carmen Álvarez Ávila, außerordentliche wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin am Postgraduate College für Agrarwissenschaften am Veracruz Campus, studierte Chemieingenieurwesen an der Nationalen Autonomen Universität von Mexiko (1967), Master of Science in Bodenkunde am Postgraduate College (1981) und promovierte in Wissenschaft in der Planung und Verwaltung von Projekten für eine nachhaltige ländliche Entwicklung an der Polytechnischen Universität Madrid, Spanien (2008). Seine Erfahrungen in verschiedenen sozialen Bewegungen in verschiedenen Phasen seines Lebens ermöglichten es ihm, sein menschliches Gleichgewicht zu erkennen. Bei 7 Gelegenheiten wurde sie unter den 100 angesehenen Akademikern des Postgraduate College anerkannt. Im Jahr 2013 wurde sie von der Allianz der Frauen in der Agrarökologie (AMA-AWA) als angesehene Agrarökologin anerkannt. Auf dem Campus Veracruz-Colegio de Postgraduados (2016) erhielt er Anerkennung für seine berufliche Laufbahn und seine Beiträge zum Agrarsektor in den Bereichen Bildung, Forschung und Verbindungen zur ländlichen Gesellschaft, neben vielen anderen Anerkennungen für seine Beiträge auf dem Gebiet der Wissenschaft und Bildung. Ihre Arbeit im Bereich der Bildung in ländlichen Gebieten mit Frauen auf Gemeinde- und Postgraduiertenebene, mit Studenten aus verschiedenen Bereichen aus Agrarökologie, Pädagogik und einschließlich Psychologie, mit einer partizipativen Aktionsforschungsmethode. Mit großartigen Forschungsbeiträgen mit Frauen auf dem Land über die Familienterrasse, ihre Rettung kultureller Lebensmittel, natürliche Ressourcen und ihre Beziehung zur Ernährung in Zusammenarbeit mit der Rockefeller Foundation. Ihre Bildungs- und Netzwerkarbeit hat es ihr ermöglicht, die Relevanz der Familienterrasse für die Kultur und Bildung der Gemeinschaft zu verbreiten, selbst unter Berücksichtigung ihrer Doktoranden in Psychologie und Beziehungen zu Frauen im Bereich der Agrarökologie.Dr. Carmen Álvarez Ávila, Associate Researcher Professor of the Postgraduate College in Agricultural Sciences, Veracruz Campus, studied Chemical Engineering at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (1967), Master of Science in Soil Science at the Postgraduate College (1981) and PhD in Science in Planning and Management of Projects for Sustainable Rural Development, at the Polytechnic University of Madrid, Spain (2008). His experiences in different social movements in different stages of his life, allowed him to recognize his human balance. On 7 occasions she has been recognized among the 100 distinguished academics of the Postgraduate College. In 2013, the Alliance of Women in Agroecology-Alliance of Women in Agroecology (AMA-AWA) recognized her as a Distinguished Agroecologist. He received recognition for his professional career and his contributions to the agricultural sector in the areas of education, research and links with rural society at the Campus Veracruz-Colegio de Postgraduados (2016), among many other recognitions for his contributions to the field of science and education. Her work in the field of education in rural areas with women at the community and Postgraduate level, with students from different areas from agroecology, pedagogy and including psychology, with a Participatory-Action-Research methodology. With great contributions of research with rural women about the family patio, its cultural food rescue, natural resources, and its relationship with nutrition, working with the Rockefeller Foundation. Her educational and networking work has allowed her to spread the relevance of the family yard in community culture and education, even considering her graduate students in psychology and relations with women in the field of agroecology.La Dra Carmen Álvarez Ávila, Profesora Investigadora Titular del Colegio de Postgraduados en Ciencias Agrícolas, Campus Veracruz, cursó la carrera de Ingeniería Química en la Universidad Nacional de Autónoma de México (1967), maestría en Maestría en Ciencias en Edafología en el Colegio de Postgraduados (1981) y doctorado en Ciencias en Planificación y Gestión de Proyectos para el Desarrollo Rural Sustentable, en la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, España (2008). Sus vivencias en distintos movimientos sociales en diferentes etapas de su vida, le permitieron reconocer su equilibrio humano. En 7 ocasiones ha sido reconocida entre los 100 académicos distinguidos del Colegio de Postgraduados. En el 2013, la Alianza de Mujeres en Agroecología-Aliance of Women in Agroecology (AMA-AWA) la reconocieron como Agroecóloga Distinguida. Recibió el reconocimiento por su trayectoria profesional y sus aportaciones al sector agrícola en las áreas de educación, investigación y vinculación con la sociedad rural en el Campus Veracruz-Colegio de Postgraduados (2016), entre otros muchos reconocimientos por sus aportaciones al campo de la ciencia y educación. Su labor en el campo de la educación en las áreas rurales con mujeres a nivel comunitario y de Postgrado, con alumnado de distintas áreas desde la agroecología, la pedagogía e incluyendo la psicología, con metodología de investigación-Acción-Participativa. Con grandes aportaciones de investigaciones con mujeres rurales acerca del patio familiar, su rescate cultural alimentario, recursos naturales, y su relación con la nutrición, trabajando con la Fundación Rockefeller. Su trabajo educativo y en redes le han permitido propagar la relevancia del patio familiar en la cultura y educación comunitaria, considerando incluso a su alumnado de postgrado en psicología y relación con las mujeres en el campo de la agroecología.La Dra Carmen Álvarez Ávila, Profesora Investigadora Titular del Colegio de Postgraduados en Ciencias Agrícolas, Campus Veracruz, cursó la carrera de Ingeniería Química en la Universidad Nacional de Autónoma de México (1967), maestría en Maestría en Ciencias en Edafología en el Colegio de Postgraduados (1981) y doctorado en Ciencias en Planificación y Gestión de Proyectos para el Desarrollo Rural Sustentable, en la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, España (2008). Sus vivencias en distintos movimientos sociales en diferentes etapas de su vida, le permitieron reconocer su equilibrio humano. En 7 ocasiones ha sido reconocida entre los 100 académicos distinguidos del Colegio de Postgraduados. En el 2013, la Alianza de Mujeres en Agroecología-Aliance of Women in Agroecology (AMA-AWA) la reconocieron como Agroecóloga Distinguida. Recibió el reconocimiento por su trayectoria profesional y sus aportaciones al sector agrícola en las áreas de educación, investigación y vinculación con la sociedad rural en el Campus Veracruz-Colegio de Postgraduados (2016), entre otros muchos reconocimientos por sus aportaciones al campo de la ciencia y educación. Su labor en el campo de la educación en las áreas rurales con mujeres a nivel comunitario y de Postgrado, con alumnado de distintas áreas desde la agroecología, la pedagogía e incluyendo la psicología, con metodología de investigación-Acción-Participativa. Con grandes aportaciones de investigaciones con mujeres rurales acerca del patio familiar, su rescate cultural alimentario, recursos naturales, y su relación con la nutrición, trabajando con la Fundación Rockefeller. Su trabajo educativo y en redes le han permitido propagar la relevancia del patio familiar en la cultura y educación comunitaria, considerando incluso a su alumnado de postgrado en psicología y relación con las mujeres en el campo de la agroecología.A Dra. Carmen Álvarez Ávila, Professora Pesquisadora Associada da Faculdade de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Agrárias, Campus de Veracruz, estudou Engenharia Química na Universidade Nacional Autônoma do México (1967), Mestre em Ciências do Solo na Faculdade de Pós-graduação (1981) e PhD em Ciência em Planejamento e Gestão de Projetos para o Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável, na Universidade Politécnica de Madrid, Espanha (2008). Suas experiências em diferentes movimentos sociais em diferentes fases de sua vida, permitiram-lhe reconhecer seu equilíbrio humano. Em 7 ocasiões, ela foi reconhecida entre os 100 acadêmicos ilustres do Postgraduate College. Em 2013, a Aliança de Mulheres na Agroecologia-Aliança de Mulheres na Agroecologia (AMA-AWA) a reconheceu como Agroecologista Distinta. Recebeu no Campus Veracruz-Colegio de Postgraduados (2016) reconhecimento por sua trajetória profissional e suas contribuições ao setor agrícola nas áreas de educação, pesquisa e vínculo com a sociedade rural, entre muitos outros reconhecimentos por suas contribuições ao campo da ciência. e educação. Atua na área de educação em meio rural com mulheres em nível comunitário e de pós-graduação, com alunos de diversas áreas da agroecologia, pedagogia e inclusive psicologia, com metodologia de Pesquisa-Ação-Participativa. Com grandes contribuições de pesquisas com mulheres rurais sobre o pátio familiar, seu resgate cultural de alimentos, recursos naturais e sua relação com a nutrição, trabalhando com a Fundação Rockefeller. Seu trabalho educacional e de relacionamento tem permitido que ela divulgue a relevância do pátio da família na cultura e educação da comunidade, mesmo considerando seus alunos de pós-graduação em psicologia e relações com mulheres na área da agroecologia

La pertenencia infantil del Agroecoturismo en la comunidad de Tepexilotla, en Chocamán, Veracruz, México

Objective: The overall objective of this study is to identify the relationship of belonging among children with their natural resources, in order to strengthen ties in the development of Agroecoturistic activity in your community, environmental conservation and natural resources of the micro-region Tepexilotla and its surroundings. Design/methodology/approach: Agroecotourism is approached from the child's subjective perception of that community, located in the cloud forest of fog, in the high mountains of Veracruz, Mexico. We analyze the issue from four themes: (1) ownership of the rural and natural environment, (2) the child's perspective of tourism, (3) interpretation of their natural environment and (4) as an engine Agroecotourism conservation natural and development of rural communities. Results: From the experience of the workshops with Tepexilotla´s infants, it was possible to identify that the relationship with their environment is strongly linked to the needs of life. 13 girls (52%) 9 boys (48%) between 7 and 14 years old participated. Boys include more the mountains and clouds, and girls, for stars and flowers. Less weight is given to crops. Agroturistic activities needs to be more considered at agroecoturistic workshops. Limitations on study/implications: We are interested in children's community, because this part of society is hardly considered in the decision making of the development of rural communities throughout the world. Findings/conclusions: With which we conclude with knowledge of the panorama of Agroecoturística activity from a child focus, as this position showed the child contribution to rural development; because children are the future decisions taken in their community, and guide the destiny of their natural environment as a means particularly vulnerable and important.Objetivo: Identificar la relación de pertenencia en la población infantil hacia sus recursos naturales, con el fin de fortalecer lazos en el desarrollo de la actividad Agroecoturística en su comunidad, la conservación del ambiente y recursos naturales de la microrregión de Tepexilotla en Veracruz, México, y sus alrededores. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Se abordó el Agroecoturismo desde la percepción subjetiva infantil de dicha comunidad, ubicada en el bosque Mesófilo de niebla, en las Altas Montañas del estado de Veracruz. Se analizó el tema desde cuatro ejes temáticos: (1) sentido de pertenencia del entorno rural y natural, (2) la perspectiva infantil de la actividad turística, (3) la interpretación de su medio natural y (4) el Agroecoturismo como motor de conservación natural y desarrollo de las comunidades rurales. Resultados: Participaron 13 niñas (52%) y 9 niños (48%) de entre 7 y 14 años. En los talleres y dibujos, se identificó que la relación con su medio natural está fuertemente vinculada con su vida cotidiana, mostrando conocimiento y uso de diferentes de especies vegetales, animales, así como identificación psicosocial con algunas de ella y su valoración en caso de desaparición de las especies de la zona. Los niños incluyen más montañas y nubes, las niñas estrellas y flores. Los sembradíos son menos dibujados, por lo que las actividades agroturísticas deben ser más consideradas en talleres agroecoturísticos.   Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: Nos interesamos en la comunidad infantil, debido a que esta parte de la sociedad es muy poco considerada en la toma de decisiones del desarrollo de las comunidades rurales a lo largo del mundo. Hallazgos/conclusiones: El conocimiento del panorama de la actividad Agroecoturística desde un enfoque infantil, mostró su contribución para el desarrollo rural; debido a que los niños y las niñas son los que tomarán las decisiones futuras de su comunidad, y guiarán el destino de su medio natural, un medio tan particular, vulnerable e importante

Empowerment processes in management and self-management in two rural communities

Objective: To make visible the empowerment in management and self-management that rural women can achieve. Design/methodology/approach: Two workshops were held with the participation of 77 people from the Tepexilotla and Carrizal communities; to identify the skills and abilities that provide rural women with a better quality of life, greater personal and collective power. Results: Greater empowerment was found in the community of Tepexilotla unlike in Carrizal, because, in Tepexilotla they were trained by educational institutions while in Carrizal they did not. Limitations on study/implications: Machismo, as a part of the patriarch, limits the participation and assistance of women in training workshops. Findings/conclusions: Capabilities, strategies, and protagonism are factors that fosters greater empowerment in rural women, promoting their participation in management and self-management.Objective: To draw attention to the empowerment in management and self-management that rural womencan achieve individually and collectively.Methodology: Two workshops were conducted with the participation of n77 people of the communities ofTepexilotla and Carrizal, in order to identify the abilities and capacities that facilitate a better life quality, andgreater personal and collective power for rural women.Results: There is a greater empowerment in the community of Tepexilotla than in Carrizal, because the firsthad training by academics from educational institutions, as opposed to Carrizal.Limitations on the study: Machismo as part of the patriarchy limits the participation and attendance ofwomen to the training workshops.Conclusions: The capacities, strategies and prominence are factors that foster the empowerment process inrural women, driving their participation in management and self-management

Family patio agroecosystem: role and empowerment of rural women in two communities

Objective: Identify the role of women in the family patio agroecosystem and their relationship in the process of their empowerment, in two groups of women in the municipality of Medellín de Bravo, Veracruz. Design/methodology/approach: The research carried out is qualitative-quantitative, of a constructionist nature and is based on the Research-Action-Participatory process, through the adaptation of the management model for the management of natural resources of family farming. Results: The psychometric results obtained in the Rossemberg Self-esteem Scale indicate that the average response is 26.3, which indicates a normal self-esteem of women who work in the family patio agroecosystem, and positively impacts their human development, empowerment, and personal identity. Implications: The work of rural women in the family patio agroecosystem is not recognized, so it is important that it be made visible, mainly before themselves, and that they be empowered in their being, through their actions. Findings/conclusions: A total of 52 species were found, distributed among 15 fruit trees, 13 ornamental plants, 9 seasoning plants, 9 medicinal plants, 4 timber trees and only 2 vegetables. In the breeding of small species, 3 animal species are reported: 41 chickens, 2 pigs and 3 sheep.Objective: To identify the role of women in the family patio agroecosystem and its relationship in the empowerment process, in two groups of women in the municipality of Medellín de Bravo, Veracruz, Mexico. Design/methodology/approach: The research carried out is qualitative-quantitative, of a constructionist nature, and is based on the Research-Action-Participatory process, through adaptation of the management model for natural resource management in family farming. Results: The psychometric results obtained in the Rosemberg Self-Esteem Scale indicate that the average response is 26.3, which indicates a normal self-esteem of women who work in the family patio agroecosystem, and positively impacts their human development, empowerment, and personal identity. Limitations on study/implications: The work of rural women in the family patio agroecosystem is not recognized, so it is important that it be made visible, mainly to them, and that they be empowered in their being, through their actions. Findings/conclusions: A total of 52 species were found, distributed among 15 fruit trees, 13 ornamental plants, 9 seasoning plants, 9 medicinal plants, 4 timber trees and only 2 vegetables. In the breeding of small species, 3 animal species are reported: 41 chickens, 2 pigs and 3 sheep

El turismo rural en México: Una aproximación conceptual al debate suscitado sobre las políticas públicas desarrolladas, la irrupción de agentes externos y las nuevas metodologías de acción endógena y participativa

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Sustainability Assessment of Two Farming Systems

Objective: Assess the sustainability of two agricultural production systems (native maize and improved maize) by applying the MESMIS methodology Design/methodology/approach: Knowing the social, economic and environmental factors that make up the production systems in the municipality of Jilotepec, State of Mexico, as well as their forms of management, allow us to develop strategies for sustainable rural development. The study contemplated at 30 production systems and compared the level of sustainability between producers of native maize and improved maize. The collection of information in the field was carried out in September 2022 and consisted of participatory workshops, semi-structured interviews and surveys; this information was complemented by soil sampling to analyze fertility Results: The two systems studied have high costs of agricultural production and high dependence on external inputs, especially those using improved maize. Most systems depend on external economic income. Agriculture is increasingly exposed to the conditions of drought and changes in rainfall regimes, in this situation having livestock becomes an important economic support. Changing climate conditions are forcing people to implement adaptability measures. Regionally the soil is fertile and suitable for corn cultivation. The perception of happiness of the inhabitants interviewed is high, they consider that the quality of life is good and therefore do not migrate Findings/conclusions: The present study is the result of the integrated analysis of several methodologies used in the measurement of sustainability indicators

A large scale hearing loss screen reveals an extensive unexplored genetic landscape for auditory dysfunction

The developmental and physiological complexity of the auditory system is likely reflected in the underlying set of genes involved in auditory function. In humans, over 150 non-syndromic loci have been identified, and there are more than 400 human genetic syndromes with a hearing loss component. Over 100 non-syndromic hearing loss genes have been identified in mouse and human, but we remain ignorant of the full extent of the genetic landscape involved in auditory dysfunction. As part of the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium, we undertook a hearing loss screen in a cohort of 3006 mouse knockout strains. In total, we identify 67 candidate hearing loss genes. We detect known hearing loss genes, but the vast majority, 52, of the candidate genes were novel. Our analysis reveals a large and unexplored genetic landscape involved with auditory function

Vocabulario de la sociedad civil, la ruralidad y los movimientos sociales en América Latina

El Vocabulario de la Sociedad Civil, la Ruralidad y los Movimientos Sociales en América Latina tiene como objetivo desarrollar vocablos relacionados con temas de gran trascendencia para la vida colectiva de la población Latinoamericana; pretende introducir a estudiantes, personas del ámbito académico y activistas en la comprensión de estas categorías de análisis. A través de la mirada de 70 especialistas que participaron en este vocabulario, es posible comprender muchos de los términos que se utilizan dentro de la investigación social y áreas relacionadas con las ciencias políticas, ambientales y rurales, a partir de una mayor explicación y detalle. Es por ello que se inserta este trabajo desde una mirada colectiva y amplia de los conceptos que se exponen. En este libro podrá encontrar las ideas de varios autores y autoras de distintas universidades, con una visión multi, inter y transdisciplinaria. El esfuerzo que se realizó para conjuntar varios términos y analizar su compleja red de interpretaciones, permitirá que este manuscrito pueda ser consultado por estudiantes, personas del ámbito científico-académico, y ciudadanía; porque contiene el estado del arte, la historia del paulatino avance de múltiples conceptos y su vigencia en el contexto actual

The Helicobacter pylori Genome Project : insights into H. pylori population structure from analysis of a worldwide collection of complete genomes

Helicobacter pylori, a dominant member of the gastric microbiota, shares co-evolutionary history with humans. This has led to the development of genetically distinct H. pylori subpopulations associated with the geographic origin of the host and with differential gastric disease risk. Here, we provide insights into H. pylori population structure as a part of the Helicobacter pylori Genome Project (HpGP), a multi-disciplinary initiative aimed at elucidating H. pylori pathogenesis and identifying new therapeutic targets. We collected 1011 well-characterized clinical strains from 50 countries and generated high-quality genome sequences. We analysed core genome diversity and population structure of the HpGP dataset and 255 worldwide reference genomes to outline the ancestral contribution to Eurasian, African, and American populations. We found evidence of substantial contribution of population hpNorthAsia and subpopulation hspUral in Northern European H. pylori. The genomes of H. pylori isolated from northern and southern Indigenous Americans differed in that bacteria isolated in northern Indigenous communities were more similar to North Asian H. pylori while the southern had higher relatedness to hpEastAsia. Notably, we also found a highly clonal yet geographically dispersed North American subpopulation, which is negative for the cag pathogenicity island, and present in 7% of sequenced US genomes. We expect the HpGP dataset and the corresponding strains to become a major asset for H. pylori genomics

Imagination, Power and Resilience in Psychotherapists/Counsellors Who Have Overcome Childhood Abuse: A quantitative and qualitative study

Aims: To investigate any possible relationship between the power and resilience of British psychotherapists and counsellors, and the possibility of their having been abused as children. Main research question: What elements contribute to recovery from childhood abuse? Methods: This three-part study used a mixed-methods approach. Results: (1) The Systematic Review of reliable questionnaires resulted in the design of a final instrument with eight sections including the following five measurements: the 'GHQ1?', the 'List of Threatening Experiences', the 'Ways of Coping Questionnaire-R', 'The Empowerment Scale' and the 'TSC-40'. (2) A Survey of results of 103 completed questionnaires indicated that the prevalence of childhood abuse was 57% with a higher proportion (64%) in women. The occurrence of symptoms of trauma was found to be significantly different between the abused and nonabused groups. However, the results suggested that psychotherapy was beneficial because the abused group did not reflect significant trauma. A complex interaction was discovered between coping styles, power, life events, trauma and emotional health. I Regression analysis demonstrated that Self-Esteem-Self-Efficacy was a subscale of empowerment that mediated trauma. (3) Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of seven Interviews showed different usages of power: Dominance Power, Powerlessness/Disempowerment' Inner Power and Empowerment. It also showed that 'Imagination' in childhood and 'Active Imagination' in adulthood were faculties of In'ner Power. Psychotherapists reported that their experience of childhood abuse led to an open understanding of trauma, and of its emotional effects in clients who had suffered childhood abuse. They believed that psychotherapy was important for empowerment and recovery. Conclusions: Triangulation of results strongly suggests that imagination is a fundamental component of inner power, and that play, creativity and sports are crucial elements in the construction of empowerment. These results highlight the importance of play, arts and sports in psychotherapy methods, education programmes, and everyday life